Appendix A: Notes
Chapter : Introduction
1 Day One Staff, “2016 Letter to Shareholders,” Amazon.com, April 17, 2017. https://blog.aboutamazon.com/company-news/2016-letter-to-shareholders
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2 Peter Cohan, “Wharton, MIT Professors See Upside At Nordstrom, Kohl’s, And Target,” Forbes, September 26, 2019. https://www.forbes.com/sites/petercohan/2019/09/26/wharton-mit-professors-see-upside-at-nordstrom-kohls-and-target/#4ac67e4a14d7
.
3 Ibid.
4 Ibid.
5 Ibid.
6 Ibid.
7 Suzanne Kapner, “Amazon Didn’t Cripple Bed Bath & Beyond. Its Own Leaders Did.,” Wall Street Journal, June 2, 2019. https://www.wsj.com/articles/amazon-didnt-cripple-bed-bath-beyond-its-own-leaders-did-11559467800
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8 Peter Cohan, “With Shares Up 93%, Target’s Turnaround Suggests Powerful Investment Strategy,” Forbes, October 18, 2019. https://www.forbes.com/sites/petercohan/2019/10/18/with-shares-up-93-targets-turnaround-suggests-powerful-investment-strategy/#5d58f675251d
.
9 Ibid.
10 Ibid.
11 Ibid.
12 Ibid.
Chapter : Consumer Electronics
1 “Consumer Electronics Stores,” IBISWorld, accessed November 15, 2019. https://www.ibisworld.com/united-states/market-research-reports/consumer-electronics-stores-industry/
.
2 Ibid.
3 Ibid.
4 Ibid.
5 Ibid.
6 Cecilia Fernandez, “Consumer Electronics Stores in the US,” IBISWorld, July 2020. https://www.ibisworld.com/united-states/market-research-reports/consumer-electronics-stores-industry/
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7 Teresa Rivas, “Best Buy May End Coronavirus Pandemic as a ‘Winner in Retail’,” Barron’s, May 18, 2020. https://www.barrons.com/articles/best-buy-sales-earnings-ugrade-outlook-coronavirus-pandemic-51589815068
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8 Jeremy C. Owens, “Best Buy says sales are better during pandemic, stock heads toward all-time high,” MarketWatch, July 21, 2020. https://www.marketwatch.com/story/best-buy-says-sales-are-better-during-pandemic-stock-heads-toward-all-time-high-2020-07-21
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9 Daphne Howland, “Amazon beats Best Buy as top electronics retailer,” Retail Dive, April 17, 2018. https://www.retaildive.com/news/amazon-beats-best-buy-as-top-electronics-retailer/521505/
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10 Rob Stott, “The Rich Get Richer in Dealerscope’s 2019 Top 101 CE Retailers,” Dealerscope, April 16, 2019. https://www.dealerscope.com/article/the-rich-get-richer-in-dealerscopes-2019-top-101-ce-retailers/
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11 Daphne Howland, Retail Dive.
12 Daphne Howland, Retail Dive.
13 Derek Haines, “Kindle Sales – The E-Reader Device Is Dying A Rapid Death,” Just Publishing Advice, November 17, 2019. https://justpublishingadvice.com/the-e-reader-device-is-dying-a-rapid-death/
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14 Adam Levy, “Amazon’s Alexa Is a Multibillion-Dollar Business,” The Motley Fool, September 28, 2019. https://www.fool.com/investing/2019/09/28/amazons-alexa-is-a-multibillion-dollar-business.aspx
.
15 Rebecca Ungarino, “Amazon’s Alexa could be a $19 billion business by 2021, RBC says (AMZN),” Markets Insider, December 21, 2018. https://markets.businessinsider.com/news/stocks/amazon-stock-price-alexa-19-billion-business-rbc-says-2018-12-1027829391
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16 Nick Chasinov, “How Amazon Became The #1 Consumer Electronics Retailer,” Technicks, April 24, 2018. https://blog.teknicks.com/how-amazon-became-the-1-consumer-electronics-retailer#.XcguYTbsa1s
.
17 Peter Cohan, “Value Leadership: 7 Principles That Drive Corporate Value in Any Economy,” Wiley, 2003.
18 Peter Cohan, “The CEO Who Saved Best Buy from Ruin Says Creating Meaning at Work Was Key to His Success,” Inc. November 20, 2019. https://www.inc.com/peter-cohan/the-ceo-who-saved-best-buy-from-ruin-says-creating-meaning-at-work-was-key-to-his-success.html
.
19 Ibid.
20 “CNBC TRANSCRIPT: CNBC’S COURTNEY REAGAN INTERVIEWS BEST BUY EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN AND FORMER CEO HUBERT JOLY FROM THE CNBC EVOLVE CONFERENCE IN NYC TODAY,” CNBC, June 19, 2019. https://www.nbcumv.com/news/cnbc-transcript-cnbc%E2%80%99s-courtney-reagan-interviews-best-buy-executive-chairman-and-former-ceo
.
21 Burl Gilyard, “2018 Person of the Year: Hubert Joly,” TCB Magazine, November 27, 2018. http://tcbmag.com/honors/articles/2018/2018-person-of-the-year-hubert-joly
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22 Jeff Spross, “How Best Buy survived the retail apocalypse,” The Week, October 22, 2018. https://theweek.com/articles/802800/how-best-buy-survived-retail-apocalypse
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23 Marianne Gérard, “Hubert Joly (Best Buy): “Managing means creating meaning,” HEC stories, July 18, 2019. https://hecstories.fr/en/hubert-joly-best-buy-managing-means-creating-meaning/
.
24 Burl Gilyard, TCB Magazine.
25 Maxwell Wessel, “It’s All About Mindset — Hubert Joly, CEO Best Buy,” Medium, March 7, 2019. https://medium.com/the-industrialist-s-dilemma/its-all-about-mindset-hubert-joly-ceo-best-buy-aac74056d075
.
26 “Circuit City 2008 10K,” sec.gov, April 28, 2008. https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/104599/000119312508093063/d10k.htm
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27 “Circuit City files for bankruptcy protection,” Reuters, November 10, 2008. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-circuitcity-idUSTRE4A936V20081110
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28 Anita Hamilton, “Why Circuit City Busted, While Best Buy Boomed,” Time, November 11, 2008. http://content.time.com/time/business/article/0,8599,1858079,00.html
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29 Louis Llovio, “Former Circuit City CEO and chairman talks of company’s demise, Richmond Times Dispatch, October 18, 2012. https://www.richmond.com/business/former-circuit-city-ceo-and-chairman-talks-of-company-s/article_8e219f23-721b-5a54-b6c2-3e1b35536557.html
.
30 Anita Hamilton, Time.
31 Phil Schoonover, LinkedIn profile, accessed November 24, 2019. https://www.linkedin.com/in/philipschoonover/
.
32 Jessie Romero, “The Rise and Fall of Circuit City,” Econ Focus. Third Quarter, 2013. https://www.richmondfed.org/~/media/richmondfedorg/publications/research/econ_focus/2013/q3/pdf/economic_history.pdf
.
33 Louis Llovio. Richmond Times Dispatch.
Chapter : Video Entertainment
1 Ken Auletta, “Outside the Box: Netflix and the future of television,” New Yorker, January 26, 2014. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/02/03/outside-the-box-2
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2 Amy Watson, “OTT revenue worldwide from 2010 to 2024,” Statista, December 4, 2019. https://www.statista.com/statistics/260179/over-the-top-revenue-worldwide./
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3 Jim Nail and Andrew Hogan, “The Forrester Streaming Media Wave: US Apps, Q4 2019,” Forrester Research, October 28, 2019. https://www.forrester.com/report/The+Forrester+Streaming+Media+Wave+US+Apps+Q4+2019/-/E-RES146298
.
4 Benjamin Wallace, “Is Anyone Watching Quibi?,” Vulture, July 6, 2020. https://www.vulture.com/2020/07/is-anyone-watching-quibi.html
.
5 “Media Consumption in the Age of COVID-19,” J.P. Morgan, May 1, 2020. https://www.jpmorgan.com/global/research/media-consumption
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6 Daniel Sparks, “Netflix’s Subscribers May Have Hit 166 Million in 2019,” The Motley Fool, January 3, 2020. https://www.fool.com/investing/2020/01/03/netflixs-subscribers-may-have-hit-166-million-in-2.aspx
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7 Peter Cohan, “5 Reasons Not To Bet Netflix Will Soar Another 4,100% By 2030,” Forbes, January 2, 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/petercohan/2020/01/02/5-reasons-not-to-bet-netflix-will-soar-another-4100-by-2030/#1a2e00476bd6
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8 Bill Snyder, “Another Netflix Disruption: A Transparent Board,” Stanford Graduate School of Business, May 2, 2018. https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/insights/another-netflix-disruption-transparent-board
.
9 Anne Quito, “Netflix CEO Reed Hastings is the un-decider,” Quartz, April 19, 2018. https://qz.com/work/1254183/netflix-ceo-reed-hastings-expounds-on-the-netflix-culture-deck-at-ted-2018/
.
10 Ken Auletta, New Yorker.
11 Miguel Helft, “Netflix to Deliver Movies to the PC,” New York Times, January 16, 2007. https://www.nytimes.com/2007/01/16/technology/16netflix.html
.
12 Ken Auletta, New Yorker.
13 Todd Spangler, “Netflix, YouTube Share of U.S. Viewing Time Projected to Drop in 2020,” Variety, December 3, 2019. https://variety.com/2019/digital/news/netflix-youtube-share-us-video-viewing-drop-1203421385/
.
14 Peter Cohan, Forbes.
15 “How streaming started,” Thinknum, accessed December 27, 2019. https://media.thinknum.com/articles/a-brief-history-of-video-streaming-by-the-numbers/
.
16 Ken Auletta, New Yorker.
17 Edmund Lee, “Disney has struck a deal with Comcast that will give it full control of the streaming service,” New York Times, May 14, 2019. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/14/business/media/disney-hulu-comcast.html
.
18 Amol Sharma and Joe Flint, “The Great Streaming Battle Is Here. No One Is Safe. Netflix, the current heavyweight, is in for a fight as Disney, Apple, AT&T and Comcast enter the ring this year and next,” Wall Street Journal, November 9, 2019. https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-great-streaming-battle-is-here-no-one-is-safe-11573272000?mod=article_inline
.
19 Cortney Moore, “Hulu and the 5 things that set it apart from other streaming giants,” Fox Business, September 30, 2019. https://www.foxbusiness.com/technology/5-things-to-know-about-hulu
.
20 Ryan Faughnder, “Disney’s Hulu is raising prices for live TV as costs escalate,” Los Angeles Times, November 15, 2019. https://www.latimes.com/entertainment-arts/business/story/2019-11-15/hulu-raises-price-for-live-tv
.
21 “Compaq to buy DEC,” CNNMoney, January 26, 1998. https://money.cnn.com/1998/01/26/technology/compaq/
.
22 Jeanine Poggi, “Blockbuster’s Rise and Fall: The Long, Rewinding Road,” TheStreet.com, September 23, 2010. https://www.thestreet.com/investing/stocks/the-rise-and-fall-of-blockbuster-the-long-rewinding-road-10867574
.
23 Ibid.
24 Ibid.
25 Ken Auletta, New Yorker.
26 Jeanine Poggi, TheStreet.com.
27 Jeanine Poggi, TheStreet.com.
28 Michael de la Merced, “Blockbuster, Hoping to Reinvent Itself, Files for Bankruptcy,” New York Times, September 23, 2010. https://www.nytimes.com/2010/09/24/business/24blockbuster.html
.
29 “Blockbuster Weakened: Peter Cohan on the Video Giant’s Decline,” Drucker Institute, October 4, 2010. https://www.drucker.institute/thedx/blockbuster-weakened-peter-cohan-on-the-video-giants-decline/
.
Chapter : Newspapers
1 Devin McGinley, “Newspaper Publishing in the US,” IBISWorld, December 2019. https://www.ibisworld.com/united-states/market-research-reports/newspaper-publishing-industry/
.
2 Keach Hagey, Lukas I. Alpert and Yaryna Serkez, “In News Industry, a Stark Divide Between Haves and Have-Nots,” Wall Street Journal, May 4, 2019. https://www.wsj.com/graphics/local-newspapers-stark-divide/
.
3 Clayton M. Christensen, David Skok, James Allworth, “Breaking News,” Nieman Reports, September 15, 2012. https://niemanreports.org/articles/breaking-news/
.
4 Keach Hagey, Lukas I. Alpert and Yaryna Serkez, Wall Street Journal.
5 Peter Cohan, “Dead Tree Industry: New York Times, Google, And Hedge Fund Harvesters,” Forbes, February 11, 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/petercohan/2020/02/11/dead-tree-industry-new-york-times-google-and-hedge-fund-harvesters/#e67ff986bf65
.
6 Devin McGinley, IBISWorld.
7 Peter Cohan, Forbes.
8 Devin McGinley, IBISWorld.
9 Keach Hagey, Lukas I. Alpert and Yaryna Serkez, Wall Street Journal.
10 Keach Hagey, Lukas I. Alpert and Yaryna Serkez, Wall Street Journal.
11 Peter Cohan, Forbes.
12 Nicole Friedman, “Warren Buffett Is Giving Up on Newspapers,” Wall Street Journal, January 29, 2020. https://www.wsj.com/articles/warren-buffett-is-giving-up-on-newspapers-11580301637
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13 Sam Ro, “Warren Buffett says the newspaper business is ‘toast’,” Yahoo Finance, April 29, 2019. https://finance.yahoo.com/news/warren-buffett-newspapers-are-toast-exclusive-133720666.html
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14 Sarah Barry James, “Newspapers fighting for survival as COVID-19 ravages ad spending,” S&P Global, April 27, 2020. https://www.spglobal.com/marketintelligence/en/news-insights/latest-news-headlines/newspapers-fighting-for-survival-as-covid-19-ravages-ad-spending-58306183
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15 Mary Bellis, “The History of Google and How It Was Invented,” Thoughtco, January 29, 2020. https://www.thoughtco.com/who-invented-google-1991852
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16 “Alphabet A’, Morningstar, accessed February 21, 2012. https://www.morningstar.com/stocks/xnas/googl/quote
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17 Tom Johansmeyer, “Advertising History Is Made — Web Ads Overtook Newspaper Ads in 2010,” AdWeek, December 20, 2010. https://www.adweek.com/digital/online-overtakes-newspaper-ad-revenue-so-does-google/
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18 Alec Stapp, “Google And Facebook Didn’t Kill Newspapers: The Internet Did,” Techdirt, October 25, 2019. https://www.techdirt.com/articles/20191024/13182743257/google-facebook-didnt-kill-newspapers-internet-did.shtml
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19 “Rather than paying the maximum bid for the keyword, the winning bidder pays the lowest amount required to exceed the next highest bid. “Google AdWords Auction – A Second Price Sealed-Bid Auction,” Cornell University, accessed February 22, 2020. https://blogs.cornell.edu/info2040/2012/10/27/google-adwords-auction-a-second-price-sealed-bid-auction/
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20 Will Oremus, “Google’s Big Break,” Slate, October 13, 2013. https://slate.com/business/2013/10/googles-big-break-how-bill-gross-goto-com-inspired-the-adwords-business-model.html
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21 Patience Haggin and Kara Dapen, “Google’s Ad Dominance Explained in Three Charts,” Wall Street Journal, June 17, 2019. https://www.wsj.com/articles/why-googles-advertising-dominance-is-drawing-antitrust-scrutiny-11560763800
.
22 Danielle Abril, “Google’s annual ad sales are expected to decline for first time in 16 years,” Fortune, June 22, 2020. https://fortune.com/2020/06/22/google-ad-revenues-to-drop-coronavirus-covid-19/
.
23 “New York Times CEO Mark Thompson on growing newspaper company by billions during Trump’s ‘fake news’ era,’ CNBC, June 19, 2019. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/19/new-york-times-ceo-on-how-newspaper-grew-300percent-amid-fake-news-bashing.html
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24 “The New York Times Now Gets More Revenue from Subscribers Than Advertisers,” Agence France Presse, February 8, 2013. https://www.businessinsider.com/the-new-york-times-now-gets-more-revenue-from-subscribers-than-advertisers-2013-2
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25 Marc Tracy, “The New York Times Tops 5 Million Subscriptions as Ads Decline,” New York Times, February 6, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/06/business/new-york-times-earning.html
.
26 Astrid Stawiarz, “CNBC: Mark Thompson at CNBC Evolve,” CNBC, June 19, 2019. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/19/new-york-times-ceo-on-how-newspaper-grew-300percent-amid-fake-news-bashing.html
.
27 Vineet Kumar, Bharat Anand, Sunil Gupta, Felix Oberholzer-Gee, “The New York Times Paywall,” Harvard Business School, January 31, 2013. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2053220
.
28 Marc Tracy, New York Times.
29 Tali Arbel, “NY Times publisher’s 4Q profit grows as it adds subscribers,” Associated Press, February 6, 2020. https://www.seattletimes.com/business/ny-times-publishers-4q-profit-grows-as-it-adds-subscribers/
.
30 Peter Cohan, Forbes.
31 Sara Jerde, “Even as Ad Revenue Drops, New York Times Sets Subscription Records,” AdWeek, May 6, 2020. https://www.adweek.com/digital/even-as-ad-revenue-drops-new-york-times-sets-subscription-records/
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32 “The Times Mirror Publishing Co., owner of major newspapers...,” UPI Archives, October 23, 1980. https://www.upi.com/Archives/1980/10/23/The-Times-Mirror-Publishing-Co-owner-of-major-newspapers/7844341121600/
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33 Geraldine Fabrikant, “Texan Is Buying His 29th Daily, The Denver Post,” The New York Times, September 15, 1987. https://www.nytimes.com/1987/09/15/business/texan-is-buying-his-29th-daily-the-denver-post.html
.
34 Aldo Svaldi, “Texas newspaperman put his brand on The Denver Post — and saved it from extinction,” Denver Post, October 15, 2017. https://www.denverpost.com/2017/10/15/dean-singleton-the-denver-post/
.
35 Ibid.
36 Joe Pompeo, “The Hedge Fund Vampire That Bleeds Newspapers Dry Now Has the Chicago Tribune by the Throat,” Vanity Fair, February 5, 2020. https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2020/02/hedge-fund-vampire-alden-global-capital-that-bleeds-newspapers-dry-has-chicago-tribune-by-the-throat
.
37 Jonathan O’Connell and Emma Brown, “A hedge fund’s ‘mercenary’ strategy: Buy newspapers, slash jobs, sell the buildings,” Washington Post, February 11, 2019. https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/economy/a-hedge-funds-mercenary-strategy-buy-newspapers-slash-jobs-sell-the-buildings/2019/02/11/f2c0c78a-1f59-11e9-8e21-59a09ff1e2a1_story.html
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38 Rick Edmonds, “Is Alden the archvillain crushing local news? It’s a little more complicated,” Poynter, February 20, 2020. https://www.poynter.org/business-work/2020/is-alden-the-archvillain-crushing-local-news-its-a-little-more-complicated/
.
Chapter : Groceries
1 Cecilia Fernandez, “Supermarkets & Grocery Stores in the US,” IBISWorld, December 2019. https://www.ibisworld.com/united-states/market-research-reports/supermarkets-grocery-stores-industry/
.
2 Ibid.
3 Jaewon Kang, “Specialty Grocers Lose Their Edge,” Wall Street Journal, March 1, 2020. https://www.wsj.com/articles/upscale-specialty-grocers-lose-their-edge-11583058601
.
4 Cecilia Fernandez, IBISWorld.
5 Cecilia Fernandez, “Supermarkets & Grocery Stores in the US,” IBISWorld, May 2020. https://www.ibisworld.com/united-states/market-research-reports/supermarkets-grocery-stores-industry/
.
6 Ibid.
7 Alison Griswold, “Why Jeff Bezos is obsessed with groceries,” Quartz, June 16, 2017. https://qz.com/1008027/why-did-amazon-buy-whole-foods-ceo-jeff-bezos-is-obsessed-with-groceries/
.
8 Alistair Barr, “From the ashes of Webvan, Amazon builds a grocery business,” Reuters, June 18, 2013. https://www.reuters.com/article/net-us-amazon-webvan/from-the-ashes-of-webvan-amazon-builds-a-grocery-business-idUSBRE95H1CC20130618
.
9 James F. Peltz, “Amazon plans new grocery store in L.A. as it thinks about how to conquer the industry,” November 11, 2019. Los Angeles Times, https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2019-11-11/amazon-to-open-new-grocery-store-in-los-angeles-2020
.
10 Spencer Soper and Olivia Zaleski, “Inside Amazon’s Battle to Break Into the $800 Billion Grocery Market,” Bloomberg, March 20, 2017. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2017-03-20/inside-amazon-s-battle-to-break-into-the-800-billion-grocery-market
.
11 Alison Griswold, Quartz.
12 Spencer Soper and Olivia Zaleski, Bloomberg.
13 Alison Griswold, Quartz.
14 Spencer Soper and Olivia Zaleski, Bloomberg.
15 Spencer Soper and Olivia Zaleski, Bloomberg.
16 Sebastian Herrera and Aaron Tilley, “Amazon Opens Cashierless Supermarket in Latest Push to Sell Food,” Wall Street Journal, February 25, 2020. https://www.wsj.com/articles/amazon-opens-cashierless-supermarket-in-latest-push-to-sell-food-11582617660
.
17 Cecilia Fernandez, IBISWorld.
18 Andria Cheng, “Two Years After Amazon Deal, Whole Foods Is Still Working to Shed Its ‘Whole Paycheck’ Image,” Forbes, August 28, 2019. https://www.forbes.com/sites/andriacheng/2019/08/28/two-years-under-amazon-whole-foods-still-has-its-work-cut-out-to-erase-the-whole-paycheck-image/#5db434594227
.
19 Jay Greene, “Amazon pushes further into grocery business with new Los Angeles store,” Washington Post, November 11, 2019. https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/11/11/amazon-pushes-farther-into-grocery-business-with-new-los-angeles-store/
.
20 Cecilia Fernandez, IBISWorld.
21 Marc Bain, “Covid-19 is helping Walmart make up ground against Amazon,” Quartz, May 19, 2020. https://qz.com/1858747/covid-19-is-helping-walmart-make-up-ground-against-amazon/
.
22 Lauren Thomas, “Walmart is a grocery powerhouse ... and it still has room to run,” CNBC, November 14, 2019. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/11/14/walmart-is-a-grocery-powerhouse-and-it-still-has-room-to-run.html
.
23 Cecilia Fernandez, IBISWorld.
24 Meredith Lepore, “Here’s How Walmart Became The #1 Grocery Store in The Country,” Business Insider, February 2011. https://www.businessinsider.com/walmart-biggest-supermarket-2011-2
.
25 Hank Gilman, “The Most Underrated CEO Ever,” Fortune, April 5, 2004. https://archive.fortune.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2004/04/05/366366/index.htm
.
26 “CNBC TRANSCRIPT: CNBC’S BECKY QUICK INTERVIEWS WALMART CEO DOUG MCMILLON FROM THE CNBC EVOLVE CONFERENCE IN LOS ANGELES TODAY,” CNBC, November 19, 2019. https://www.nbcumv.com/news/cnbc-transcript-cnbc%E2%80%99s-becky-quick-interviews-walmart-ceo-doug-mcmillon-cnbc-evolve-conference
.
27 Courtney Reagan, “Walmart will now put groceries right in your fridge, starting in 3 cities Tuesday,” CNBC, October 15, 2019. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/15/walmart-will-now-put-groceries-right-in-your-fridge-starting-in-3-cities-tuesday.html
.
28 Becky Quick, CNBC.
29 Sarah Nassauer, “Walmart Sales Surge as Coronavirus Drives Americans to Stockpile,” Wall Street Journal, May 19, 2020. https://www.wsj.com/articles/walmart-sales-surge-as-coronavirus-drives-americans-to-stockpile-11589888464
.
30 Tyler Durden, “Why America’s First National Supermarket Chain Just Filed for Bankruptcy, Again,” ZeroHedge, July 20, 2015. https://www.zerohedge.com/news/2015-07-20/why-americas-first-national-supermarket-chain-just-filed-bankruptcy-again-spoiler-al
.
31 Email to author from Marc Levinson, author of The Great A&P and the Struggle for Small Business in America (2012), March 1, 2020.
32 Marc Levinson, “Don’t Grieve for the Great A&P,” Harvard Business Review, January 30, 2012. https://hbr.org/2012/01/dont-grieve-for-the-great-ap
.
33 Ibid.
34 Levinson email.
35 Brian Harris, “What Went Wrong With A&P?” Blog.Zenput, accessed March 26, 2020. https://blog.zenput.com/what-went-wrong-with-ap
.
36 Tyler Durden, ZeroHedge.
37 Levinson email.
38 Durden, Ibid.
39 Tyler Durden, ZeroHedge.
40 Annie Gasparro and Joseph Checkler, “A&P Bankruptcy Filing Indicates Likely Demise,” Wall Street Journal, July 20, 2015. https://www.wsj.com/articles/a-p-files-for-chapter-11-bankruptcy-1437391572
.
41 Levinson email.
Chapter : Furniture
1 Nafia Islam, “Online Household Furniture Sales,” IBISWorld, December 2018. https://my-ibisworld-com.ezproxy.babson.edu/us/en/industry-specialized/od5076/industry-at-a-glance
.
2 Claire O’Connor, “Furniture Stores in the US,” IBISWorld, December 2019. https://my-ibisworld-com.ezproxy.babson.edu/us/en/industry/44211/industry-at-a-glance
.
3 Claire O’Connor, IBISWorld.
4 Nafia Islam, IBISWorld.
5 “How Kamprad Became King of IKEA,” Sweden.se/business, accessed April 11, 2020. https://sweden.se/business/ingvar-kamprad-founder-of-ikea/
.
6 Claire O’Connor, IBISWorld.
7 Robert D. McFadden, “Ingvar Kamprad, Founder of Ikea and Creator of a Global Empire, Dies at 91,” New York Times, January 28, 2018. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/28/obituaries/ingvar-kamprad-dies.html
.
8 Claire O’Connor, IBISWorld.
9 Arlene Hirst, “How Ikea Became America’s Furniture-Selling Powerhouse,” Curbed, October 8, 2014. https://www.curbed.com/2014/10/8/10038294/how-ikea-became-americas-furnitureselling-powerhouse
.
10 Claire O’Connor, IBISWorld.
11 Catherine Clifford, “Meatballs and DIY bookcases: The psychology behind Ikea’s iconic success, CNBC, October 5, 2019. https://www.cnbc.com/2019/10/05/psychology-behind-ikeas-huge-success.html
.
12 Stephanie Mehta, “Exclusive: Ikea’s CEO says the company is testing ‘everything you can dream of’,” Fast Company, January 6, 2020. https://www.fastcompany.com/90501603/masks-prevent-the-spread-of-Covid-19-landmark-analysis-of-64-studies-finds
.
13 Evan Nicole Brown, “Ikea’s new digital strategy engages users where they are: At home,” Fast Company, April 3, 2020. https://www.fastcompany.com/90485649/ikeas-new-digital-strategy-engages-users-where-they-are-at-home.
14 Nafia Islam, IBISWorld.
15 Larry Kim, “Get to Know Wayfair’s Founder: 10 Facts About Niraj Shah,” Inc., June 25, 2019. https://www.inc.com/larry-kim/get-to-know-wayfairs-founder-10-facts-about-niraj-shah.html
.
16 Peter Cohan, “Why Wayfair Won and Furniture.com Flopped,” Inc., May 11, 2017. https://www.inc.com/peter-cohan/why-wayfair-won-and-furniturecom-flopped.html
.
17 Cheryl Wischhover, “Wayfair, the internet’s massive online furniture store, explained,” Vox, August 28, 2019. https://www.vox.com/2019/8/28/20833645/wayfair-many-brands-websites
.
18 Justine Hofherr, “How Wayfair’s CEO hires employees, builds office culture and unwinds at home,” Boston Globe, May 6, 2016. https://www.boston.com/news/jobs/2016/05/06/wayfair-ceo-niraj-shah
.
19 “Exclusive Interview with Wayfair CEO & eCommerce Entrepreneur Niraj Shah,” Alister & Paine, February 18, 2013. https://alisterpaine.com/2013/02/18/exclusive-interview-with-wayfair-ceo-ecommerce-entrepreneur-niraj-shah/
.
20 “Wayfair 2019 10K,” sec.gov, February 18, 2019. https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/1616707/000161670720000025/a2019-12x31form10xk.htm
.
21 Chris Sweeney, “Inside Wayfair’s Identity Crisis,” Boston Magazine, October 1, 2019. https://www.bostonmagazine.com/news/2019/10/01/inside-wayfair/
.
22 Peter Cohan, “Plummeting Machete: Down 53%, Avoid Wayfair Stock,” Forbes, February 2, 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/petercohan/2020/02/14/plummeting-machete-down-53-avoid-wayfair-stock/#16fe7b6832aa
.
23 Chris Sweeney, Boston Magazine.
24 Chris Sweeney, Boston Magazine.
25 Peter Cohan, Forbes.
26 Janet Freund, “Wayfair Surges Most Ever, Buoyed by Shopping Spree on Furniture,” Bloomberg, April 6, 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-06/wayfair-surges-most-ever-amid-online-furniture-spending-spree
.
27 Janelle Nanos, “More job cuts hit Boston’s tech sector as coronavirus effects spread,” Boston Globe, April 8, 2020. https://www.bostonglobe.com/2020/04/08/nation/more-job-cuts-hit-bostons-tech-sector-coronavirus-effects-spread/?event=event12
.
28 Peter Cohan, “How COVID-19 Is Boosting Wayfair Stock,” Forbes, April 21, 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/petercohan/2020/04/21/how-Covid-19-is-boosting-wayfair-stock/#46db05707b11
.
29 Caroline Jansen, “Art Van Furniture files for Chapter 11,” Retail Dive, March 9, 2020. https://www.retaildive.com/news/art-van-furniture-files-for-chapter-11/573728/
.
30 JC Reindl, “Art Van Furniture files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy, could still face liquidation,” Detroit Free Press, March 9, 2020. https://www.freep.com/story/money/business/2020/03/09/art-van-furniture-files-bankruptcy/4998785002/
.
31 Frank Witsil, “Art Van Elslander, founder of Art Van Furniture, dies at 87,” Detroit Free Press, February 12, 2018. https://www.freep.com/story/money/business/2018/02/12/art-van-elslander/329186002/
.
32 Brent Snavely, “A new game, a new life: After facing down alcoholism, Art Van Elslander sets ambitious goals for company,” Crain's Detroit Business, December 12, 2005. https://www.crainsdetroit.com/article/20180213/news/652806/a-new-game-a-new-life-after-facing-down-alcoholism-art-van-elslander
.
33 Frank Witsil, “Art Van CEO outlines strategy to dominate Midwest furniture sales,” Detroit Free Press, October 8, 2017. https://www.freep.com/story/money/business/michigan/2017/10/08/art-van-furniture-midwest-michigan/709087001/
.
34 Marianne Wilson, “Midwest furniture chain expands footprint with two family businesses,” Chain Store Age, November 27, 2017. https://chainstoreage.com/finance-0/midwest-furniture-chain-expands-footprint-two-family-businesses
.
35 Clint Engel, “Blog: Art Van strayed from a clear plan and execution, says former CEO,” Furniture Today, March 13, 2020, https://www.furnituretoday.com/opinion/clints-notes/blog-art-van-strayed-from-a-clear-plan-and-execution-says-former-ceo/
.
36 Marianne Wilson, “Furniture retailer taps former Barnes & Noble head as CEO,” Chain Store Age, April 12, 2018. https://chainstoreage.com/c-suite-1/furniture-retailer-taps-former-barnes-noble-head-ceo
.
37 “Maybe it’s not the end for Art Van Furniture after all,” Chicago Business, March 29, 2020. https://www.chicagobusiness.com/retail/maybe-its-not-end-art-van-furniture-after-all
.
38 Marianne Wilson, Chain Store Age.
39 JC Reindl, “Art Van Furniture to part ways with 2nd CEO since founder’s death,” Detroit Free Press, August 1, 2019. https://www.freep.com/story/money/business/2019/08/01/art-van-ceo-ron-boire-leaving/1891407001/
.
40 JC Reindl, “Art Van Furniture files for Chapter 11 bankruptcy, could still face liquidation,” Detroit Free Press, March 9, 2020. https://www.freep.com/story/money/business/2020/03/09/art-van-furniture-files-bankruptcy/4998785002/
.
41 Leslie Pappas, “Retail Bankruptcies Leave Consumers Paying Thousands for Nothing,” Bloomberg Law, April 30, 2020. https://news.bloomberglaw.com/bankruptcy-law/retail-bankruptcies-leave-consumers-paying-thousands-for-nothing
.
Chapter : Logistics
1 Dan Cook, “Third-Party Logistics,” IBISWorld, March 2019. https://www.ibisworld.com/united-states/market-research-reports/third-party-logistics-industry/
.
2 Ibid.
3 E. Mazareanu, “Coronavirus: impact on the transportation and logistics industry worldwide - Statistics & Facts,” Statista, June 3, 2020. https://www.statista.com/topics/6350/coronavirus-impact-on-the-transportation-and-logistics-industry-worldwide/
.
4 “XPO Logistics profit tumbled after coronavirus pummeled business,” Reuters. May 4, 2020. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-xpo-results/xpo-logistics-profit-tumbled-after-coronavirus-pummeled-business-idUSKBN22G2QJ
.
5 “Amazon,” Morningstar, accessed June 6, 2020. https://www.morningstar.com/stocks/xnas/amzn/quote
.
6 “Amazon Global Supply Chain and Fulfillment Center Network,” MWPVL, May 17, 2020. https://www.mwpvl.com/html/amazon_com.html
.
7 Spencer Soper, “The man who built Amazon’s delivery machine,” Bloomberg, December 18, 2019. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-12-17/amazon-holiday-shopping-the-man-who-makes-it-happen
.
8 “Amazon Global Supply Chain and Fulfillment Center Network,” MWPVL.
9 Joann Muller, “Amazon is gaining on shipping giants,” Axios, May 29, 2020. https://www.axios.com/amazon-transportation-leaders-c1951c79-2751-489c-98b0-8736e82f0c84.html
.
10 Motley Fool Staff, “How Does XPO Logistics Serve Its Customers?,” Motley Fool, March 4, 2019. https://www.fool.com/investing/2019/03/04/how-does-xpo-logistics-serve-its-customers.aspx
.
11 “XPO Logistics Again Ranked No. 1 in Transportation and Logistics on Fortune 500,” Global Newswire, May 19, 2020. https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2020/05/19/2035504/0/en/XPO-Logistics-Again-Ranked-No-1-in-Transportation-and-Logistics-on-Fortune-500.html
.
12 “XPO Logistics reports sharp profit drop, pulls 2020 forecasts,” Reuters, May 4, 2020. https://www.reuters.com/article/xpo-results/xpo-logistics-reports-sharp-profit-drop-pulls-2020-forecasts-idUSL1N2CM15R
.
13 Jamel Toppin, “Better Than Amazon? How Bradley Jacobs Turned A $63M Bet into A $12 Billion Transportation Empire,” Forbes, April 10, 2018. https://www.forbes.com/sites/antoinegara/2018/04/10/xpo-logistics-bradley-jacobs-billionaire/#ad6f042ca6c4
.
14 Mark B. Solomon, “The big bet of Brad Jacobs,” DC Velocity, January 9, 2012. https://www.dcvelocity.com/articles/29993-accomplishing-the-impossible-interview-with-brad-jacobs
.
15 Jennifer Smith, “Bradley Jacobs Has Acquired More Than 500 Companies. Here’s What He Has Learned,” The Wall Street Journal, October 27, 2019. https://www.wsj.com/articles/bradley-jacobs-has-acquired-more-than-500-companies-heres-what-he-has-learned-11572228061
.
16 Mark B. Solomon, “Accomplishing the impossible: interview with Brad Jacobs,” DC Velocity, August 17, 2018. https://www.dcvelocity.com/articles/29993-accomplishing-the-impossible-interview-with-brad-jacobs
.
17 Jamel Toppin, Forbes.
18 Ed Hammond, “XPO Logistics Explores Breakup of Transportation Company, Bloomberg, January 15, 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-01-15/xpo-logistics-is-said-to-explore-breaking-up-the-company
.
19 Todd Maiden, “XPO ends bid to break up the company,” Freight Waves, March 20, 2020. https://www.freightwaves.com/news/xpo-ends-bid-to-break-up-the-company
.
20 “Brad Jacobs and Matt Fassler at the 13th Annual Wolfe Research Global Transportation and Industrials Conference,” Marketscreener, May 21, 2020. https://www.marketscreener.com/XPO-LOGISTICS-INC-11890333/news/XPO-Logistics-Brad-Jacobs-and-Matt-Fassler-at-the-13th-Annual-Wolfe-Research-Global-Transportation-30651158/
.
21 Brian Kaberline, “Shipping declines send YRC stock downhill,” Kansas City Business Journal, June 10, 2020. https://www.bizjournals.com/kansascity/news/2020/06/10/yrc-worldwide-shippling-decline-stock-slide.html
.
22 Wallace Witkowski, “YRC Worldwide to effect 1:25 reverse stock split,” MarketWatch, September 29, 2010. https://www.marketwatch.com/story/yrc-worldwide-to-effect-125-reverse-stock-split-2010-09-29
.
23 William B. Cassidy, “YRC Launches Massive Reverse Stock Split,” Journal of Commerce, December 1, 2011. https://www.joc.com/trucking-logistics/ltl-shipping/yrc-launches-massive-reverse-stock-split_20111201.html
.
24 Rip Watson, “YRC Chief Zollars to Retire After Recovery Plan Is Done,” Transport Topics, October 4, 2010. https://www.ttnews.com/articles/yrc-chief-zollars-retire-after-recovery-plan-done
.
25 Claudia H. Deutsch, “No. 2 in Trucking, Yellow, Will Buy No. 1, Roadway,” New York Times, July 9, 2003. https://www.nytimes.com/2003/07/09/business/no-2-in-trucking-yellow-will-buy-no-1-roadway.html
.
26 “William Zollars of YRC Worldwide: Keep on truckin’,” Institutional Investor, March 16, 2006. https://www.institutionalinvestor.com/article/b150nr9q6q738j/william-zollars-of-yrc-worldwide-keep-on-truckin
.
27 Rip Watson, Transport Topics.
28 Mark B. Solomon, “YRC to tap James Welch, long-time trucking executive, as new CEO,” DC Velocity, July 21, 2011. https://www.dcvelocity.com/articles/25511-yrc-to-tap-james-welch-long-time-trucking-executive-as-new-ceo
.
29 David Twiddy, “YRC’s Zollars: He would have done few things differently,” Kansas City Business Journal, July 22, 2011. https://www.bizjournals.com/kansascity/blog/2011/07/yrcs-zollars-he-would-have-done-few.html
.
30 Brian Kaberline, “YRC’s new CEO takes the wheel early,” Kansas City Business Journal, May 7, 2018. https://www.bizjournals.com/kansascity/news/2018/05/07/yrc-s-new-ceo-takes-the-wheel-early.html
.
31 HDT Staff, “YRC Hit by Industrial Slowdown, Makes Leadership Changes,” Trucking Info, December 13, 2019. https://www.truckinginfo.com/346458/yrc-hit-by-industrial-slowdown-makes-leadership-changes
.
32 David McCann, “Anatomy of a Turnaround: YRC Worldwide,” CFO, February 10, 2015. https://www.cfo.com/credit/2015/02/anatomy-turnaround-yrc-worldwide/
.
33 Jennifer Smith, “YRC Seeks to Preserve Cash in Troubled Trucking Market,” Wall Street Journal, May 11, 2020. https://www.wsj.com/articles/yrc-seeks-to-preserve-cash-in-troubled-trucking-market-1158923819.7
.
34 Chris Isidore, “The Trump administration just lent $700 million to a trucking company sued for ripping off taxpayers,” CNN Business, July 1, 2020. https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/01/business/yrc-federal-loan/index.html
.
Chapter : Leading Through Strategic Mindset
1 Peter Cohan, “Amazon’s Looming Problem: Who Has the Strategic Mindset to Replace Jeff Bezos?,” Forbes, June 26, 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/petercohan/2020/06/26/amazons-looming-problem-who-has-the-strategic-mindset-to-replace-jeff-bezos/#645bb8c11537
.
2 Peter Cohan, “Startup Cities: Why Only a Few Cities Dominate the Global Startup Scene and What the Rest Should Do About It,” (Apress: 2018).
3 Peter Cohan, Forbes.
4 Peter Cohan, “Forbes
5 Peter Cohan, “Five Tests That Your Board Is Doing Its Job,” Inc., July 2, 2020. https://www.inc.com/peter-cohan/five-tests-that-your-board-is-doing-its-job.html?cid=sf01001
.
6 Ibid.
7 “Our History,” Walmart.com, accessed July 10, 2020. https://corporate.walmart.com/our-story/our-history
.
8 Brittain Ladd, “What If General George Patton Was the CEO of Walmart?,” Observer, July 29, 2019. https://observer.com/2019/07/walmart-ecommerce-strategy-amazon-ceo-george-patton/
.
9 Peter Cohan, Inc.
10 Based on Peter Cohan, “Scaling Your Startup,” Apress: 2019, Chapter 9.
