Index
Abe’s Market 39
accessibility 249
accounting: accountants and information 227–9; cashing in on information 229; information 201–5; probable economic value 229–30
Acxiom 229
Adams, Paul 168
Advanced Drain Systems (ADS) 97
Affordable Care Act (Obamacare) 98
Albala, Mark 261
algorithm(s) 84, 88–9, 94, 96, 98, 137, 199, 230–1, 279, 286, 289–91
American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) 21, 205–6
analytics: actionable decision-making 89–93; advanced 289–90; advanced analytics advantage 83–5; business intelligence implementation 82; descriptive 82–3; diagnostic 82–3; exploiting Big Data 86–9; Gartner analytic ascendency model 83; identifying monetizable insights 93–9; information management 99–100; information monetization 75–6; predictive 82–3; prescriptive 82–3; value 266
application program interfaces (APIs) 34, 73
applied asset management: governance 186–9; information strategy 177–81; information vision 174–7; infrastructure 196–8; metrics 182–6; people 189–92; process 193–6; roles for infosavvy organization 198–200
Aquatics Informatics 114
Archer Daniels Midland 8
Armstrong, Neil 1
artificial intelligence (AI) 85, 90, 115, 286, 289–90
Art of War, The (Sun Tzu) 144n4
asset, definitions 2–3, 9–11, 214–15
asset management: barriers to information 114–16; fiduciary responsibility 164; financial methods 163–5; intangibles 168–9; lessons from sustainability 138–43; see also applied asset management; physical asset management
AULIVE 12
Australian Computer Society Data Taskforce 222
Australian Privacy Commissioner 233
Automated Teller Machines (ATMs) 43–4
Auto Trader 23
balance sheet assets 158–9; physical asset management 9, 116, 158–63, 176, 184, 188–9, 198, 235
Bardin, Noam 35
bartering: favorable terms and conditions 38–9; goods and services 37–8; relationships 38–9
Becker, Gary 128
Becker, Mark 30
Beechcraft Cessna 292
Beechwood House Publishing 255–6
Bekenstein Bounds 273
Bell Helicopter 292
Bespoke Data Organisation 225
Beyer, Mark 186
Big Data 10, 12, 26n2, 49n1, 59, 212; exploiting 85–9; health insurance company 107; information trend 287; processing 40–1; roadblocks to information monetization 287–8; term 86, 101n8; variety of information 88–9; velocity of information 85–6; volume of information 87
biodiversity 136
Bippert, Doug 84
Birchler, Urs 272
blockchain 291
Boone, Ryan 40
Box, George 246
BrightPlanet 65
Brownstein, John 96
Brynjolfsson, Erik 272
Brzmialkiewics, Caryl 44
Buchanan, Stewart 107
Bugajski, Joe 281
business: asset 10; climate 136; information 48–9; introducing a new line of 33–4; models 24–6; performance 43–4
business intelligence (BI) 14, 77, 81, 198, 211, 292; analytics 82; beyond basic 81–6; innovation 97–9; see also analytics
business-to-business (B2B) 15, 38
business-to-consumer (B2C) 15
business value of information (BVI) 253–4
Bütler, Monka 272
Caltex 63
Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) 148
cash 14–16, 20–1, 28, 35, 37, 39, 42–4, 96, 128, 161, 165, 188, 209, 227, 229, 257, 260, 293
Casonato, Regina 132
Casper, Carsten 244
Center for Disease Control 65; Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) 89
chief data officer (CDO) 3, 9, 17, 25: analytics 106–7; balancing act of 288–9; concept of 190; emergence of 293; hiring 211; information ecosystem 138; information leader 56–6, 155; information management 154; leadership 112; role of 192, 199–200
chief financial officer (CFO) 3, 100, 105, 107, 165, 200, 213, 245, 250
chief executive officer (CEO) 15, 32, 34, 40, 57, 100, 112, 155, 168, 175, 190, 200
chief information officer (CIO) 3, 40, 42, 58–9, 81, 106, 112, 132, 134, 175–6, 190, 200
Christiaens, Stan 106
Citigroup13–14, 16
Clark, Christina 243
Cohen, Jack 91
Coles Supermarkets 192
commercial data 63
commercial general liability (CGL) 241–2
competitive differentiation 36–7
Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review (CCAR) 14
consistency 248
content management, contending approaches for 154–5
Corbin, Stacey 63
Cordner, Matt 292
costs, defraying information management and analytics 40–1
cost savings, monetization success 74
cost value of information (CVI) 256–7, 261–2, 274–5
cultural attitudes, information management 114
customer acquisition and retention 29–31
customer relationship management (CRM) 140
dark data 32, 42, 62–3, 141; information asset 61–2; understanding 94–5
data as a service (DAAS) 181–2
database management system (DBMS) 134, 302
Data Driven Leaders Always Win (Zaidi) 234
data governance 188–9; see also governance, information
Data Management Association International (DAMA) 148
data ownership 20; see also ownership
data preparation 17, 73–4, 189; for monetization use 72–3
data quality: assessing 246–9; objective metrics 248; subjective metrics 249
Data Republic 63
Datateam Business Media (DBM) 221
Davis, Lord Justice 221
decision making: actionable 85, 89–93; complexity, activity and change 89–90; governance, risk and compliance (GRC) 91–2; optimizing business processes 90–1; scenario planning 92–3
deinformationalization 36
Deming, Edward 243
derivative data 279
Desai, Samir 58
Deutsche Telekom 225
Dibble, Bill 94
differential data 278
digerati 210
digital detritus 42
digital industry, intellectual property of 288
diminishing marginal utility 276–8; law of 276
Direct Eats 39
direct information monetization 66–8
Disney World 83
distinct data 278
Dominick, Lauren 92
Drucker, Peter 243
DSCI 63
Dun & Bradstreet see D&B
economic attribution, monetization success 74
economics: applying concepts to information 272–3; as dismal science 271; principles 271–2; see also infonomics
economic value of information (EVI) 258–9, 266
economy 11, 147, 192, 205–6, 217, 242, 272
ecosystem: definition 132–3; entities 135–6; features 136; influences 137; management 137–8; processes 136–7; sustainability principles 138–43, 180; see also information ecosystem
Ehlers, Brian 183
elasticity, information pricing and 275–6
Electronic Communications Privacy Act of 1986 224
endowment effect 279
enterprise architect 10
enterprise asset management (EAM): infrastructure 197–8; systems 162
enterprise content management (ECM) 154, 181
Enterprise Data Management (EDM) Council 148
enterprise information management (EIM): impediments to maturity 111–14; leadership issues 112; levels of maturity 109–11; maturity model 108–11, 174; metrics 182–4; vision 174–7
enterprise resource planning (ERP) 140
Equinox Fitness Clubs 58
Evans, Nina 114
Everedge 168
existence 249
exogenous information 16, 165; see also external information
Experience Matters 106, 114, 148, 181, 186
external information 11, 31, 36, 55, 60–1, 165, 195, 292
Facebook 11, 21–2, 31, 34, 64, 211–13, 218n10, 232
faint signals, identifying 95–6
feasibility checklist 69–70; economical 72; ethical 72–3; legal 72; manageable 71; marketable 71; practical 70–1; scalable 71; technological 71
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) 46
Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) 21, 206
financial valuation models, information assets 251, 255–61
Fisher, Jennifer 260
Fisher, Tony 272
Fisher, William W., III 169
FleetRisk Advisors 92
Francis, James C., IV 224
fraud and risk, identifying and reducing 44–5
Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) 17, 45–6
fundamental valuation models, information assets 251–5
Gaia hypothesis 144n5
Ganschow, Karen 54
Gartner: enterprise information management (EIM) maturity model 108–11, 297–302; financial valuation models 251, 255–6; fundamental valuation models 251–5; Hype Cycle 281, 284n7; information asset valuation models 250; information value models 262; Magic Quadrants 68
Geis, Alex 33
General Data Protection Regulations (GDPR) 240n24
generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) 21, 116, 217, 245
generally accepted information principles 116–19, 120n13; assumptions 117; constraints 117–18; principles 118–19
Gledhill, David 43
goods and services, bartering 37–8
Google 11, 21, 47, 76, 211, 213, 217n2
governance: applied asset management 188–9; challenges and remedies 187; data entry 187; governance, risk and compliance (GRC) 91–2, 152; information 188, 234; information management 186–9; information management challenges 299–300; proving benefits of information 264
government 9, 17, 22–3, 41, 45–8, 61, 64, 95–6, 105, 115, 193, 206, 223–5, 237, 276, 286
Grayson-Rizzuto, Kimberly 39
Grossman, Larry 46
Hadoop 41
Hamilton, Stuart 114
Hawthorne Works 243
Health and Human Services Department 44
HERE Life 38
Hershberger, John 111
Higgins, Mike 97
Hogan, Tom 107
Holloway, Todd 32
Horrisberger, Jim 83
House of Cards (TV series) 59
Hubbard, Douglas 260
Human Capital (Becker) 128
human capital management 165–8, 184
Hutton, James 144n7
IMDB 34
Indigenous Land Corporation 63
indirect information monetization 68–9
industry average 283
Infinity Property and Casualty 94
infodiversity 180
infonomics 272, 285–6; concept of 3; definition 9; future of 292–5; improving information yield 281–4; information pricing and elasticity 275–6; information-related trends 286–91; managing information 106; marginal utility of information 276–9; opportunity cost for information choices 279–80; production possibilities of information 280; supply and demand of information 274–5
Informatica 163
information: accountants and 227–30; accounting for 214–17; as asset 2, 205–7; asset realization 207–8; business models and profitability 24–6; characteristics of 18–26; control of 228–9, 233; data vs 25–6, 26n4; digitalization of 288; economic alternatives for 13–14; getting more than cash for 14–16; as liability 216; liquidity of 20–1; monetizing, managing and measuring 9–11; multimedia 2; opportunity cost for information 279–80; pricing elasticity 275–6; probable economic value of 229–30; real world evidence of economic value of 210–13; replicability 23; reusable nature of 19; as second language 143–4; stop giving it away 18; supply and demand of 274–5; taxing situation 21–2; thinking beyond 16–17; transferability 23–4; uncovering hidden treasures 17–18; value of 208–10; see also ownership
Information Age 3, 95, 136, 149, 160, 216
informationalize 36
informationalized product 75
information as a second language (ISL) 143–4, 192
information asset management (IAM) 107, 176; information yield 281–4; unified approach to 169–70; vision 176–7; see also applied asset management
information assets 59–66; commercial data 63; commercial general liability (CGL) 241; dark data 62–3; financial valuation models 249, 255–60; fundamental valuation models 251–6; inventory 60; measuring 242–6; new supply chain model for 128–31; operational data 61; privacy and security 291; public data 64; social media data 64–5; valuation models 249–60; web content 65–6
information curation 17
information ecosystem: classic ecosystem entities concepts 135; ecosystem entities 135; ecosystem features of 136; ecosystem influences 137; ecosystem management 137–8; ecosystem processes 136–7; lessons from sustainability 138–43; preparing for 131–8; recycle 142–3; reduce 140–1; refuse 139–40; remove 143; repurpose 141–2; reuse 141; role of information in 133–5
information keiretsus 132
information lifecycle: expense 267; process challenges 301–2
information management 105–8; barriers to asset management 114–16; challenges and principles 119; cultural attitudes about 114; future of infonomics 292; generally accepted information principles 116–19; governance challenges 299–300; impediments to maturity 111–14; information metrics challenges 299; infrastructure challenges 302; leadership 112; levels of information maturity 109–11; maturity model 108–11, 174; monetization success 74; monetization to 99–100; people-related challenges 300–1; priority control 113–14; process challenges 301–2; resources 113–14; strategy challenges 298; vision challenges 297–8
information measurement, future of infonomics 294–5
information owners 222; see also ownership
information ownership 222, 226–8, 232–4
information performance gap 262
information product management 56–9
information property rights 303–5; rulings affirming 303–4; rulings denying 304–5; see also information ownership; ownership
information security 244
information supply chain (ISC) 8, 119; activities 131; metrics for 126–7; model for information assets 128–31; preparing for information ecosystem 131–8; scenarios 126; SCOR (Supply Chain Operations Reference) model 124–5; see also information ecosystem
Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL) 151–2
information valuation models 263–7; benefits of information governance 264; expanded revenue 266; innovation and digitalization 265; monetization and analytics 265–6; prioritizing IAM investments 264; reducing information lifecycle expense 267
information vision gap 262
information yield 281–4; concept 281; curve 281
infosavvy 3, 11; chief data officer (CDO) 199–200; growing market valuations 245; investors prizing, companies 211–13; roles for organization 198–200
infrastructure 12, 40–1, 47, 108, 139, 150–1, 192, 196–8, 267, 286, 290–1, 299, 302; information 290–1; information management 196; information management challenges 302
innovation 3, 26, 31, 46, 76, 97–9, 107, 113, 161, 236, 246, 265, 287, 289, 298, 301
innovation and digitalization, value 265
Instagram 34
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 147
integrity 248
intellectual property (IP) 62, 116, 128, 130, 168, 176, 181, 230–1, 288
International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) 214
International Accounting Standards (IAS) 214–15, 217
International Astronomical Union 148
International Federation of Library Association and Institutions (IFLA) 157
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 214–15; criteria 219n19
International Organization for Standardization (ISO): ISO 8000 170n2; ISO 15489–1:2016 152, 170n8, 171n10; ISO 19770–1 149; ISO 19770–2 149; ISO 19770–3 150; ISO 19770–4 150; ISO 30300:2011 170n9; ISO 55001 158; ISO/IEC 20000 170n7; ISO/IEC 27001 147, 170n3; IT asset management (ITAM) 149–50; IT service management (ITSM) 150–1
intrinsic value of information (IVI) 251–2
Intuit’s TurboTax 36
inventory, information asset 60
investor awareness, monetization success 76
IT asset management (ITAM): International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards 149–50
IT service management (ITSM) 150–1; information strategy 180–1
Jessup, Beau Rose 35
Juniper Networks 33
keiretsus 132
Keough, Don 132
Knowledge Centered Support (KCS) 171n15
knowledge management (KM): information strategy 179; knowhow 155–6; people 191
“KnowMe” program, Westpac 54
Kosmix 31
Kovitz Investment 164
Kraft 39
Kreditech 62
Krishna, Dilip 260
Kumar, V. 30
Kushner, Theresa 272
Kyoto Protocol 63
Ladley, John 25, 120n13, 148, 187
Last.fm 34
Latulippe, Barb 188, 195, 234–5
Leatherberry, Tonie 260
legal rulings, information property rights 303–5
LexisNexis 57
liability, information as 216
library and information science (LIS) 156–8
library science: information strategy 179–80; metrics 184
lifecycle 252; see also information lifecycle
LinkedIn 64
Lockheed Martin 41–3, 62; project information 88
logical data warehouse (LDW) 181
Loss Adjustment Expense (LAE) 95
Lovelock, James 144n7
Lowans, Brian 272
Lyft 141
McCrory, Dave 261
McDonald’s 236
McGilvray, Danette 272
McKnight, William 148
Magic Quadrants 68
marginal utility 273, 276; architecting for optimized information utility 278–9; concept of 284n4; of information 276–8; information for people 277; of information for people 277; information for technologies 278; of information for technologies 278; law of diminishing 276; negative 276; positive 276; understanding 273
market: cultivating for information product 73; entering new 35–6; market value of information (MVI) 257, 262, 266, 274; monetization success 74
Mashey, James 101n8
Mears, Rena 260
measurement: business-related benefits 244–5; data quality 246–8; future of infonomics 292; information assets 242–6; information asset valuation models 249–60; information–related benefits 242–4; information valuation 260–1; value of information 246–61
Mechanical Turk 65
Megaupload 225
Memorial Healthcare System 62
Merck 66
Mercy Hospitals 98
metrics: applied asset management 184–6; assessing data quality 246–9; information asset management 182–6; information management challenges 299; information supply chain 126–7; objective quality 247–8; subjective quality 249
Microstrategy 133
Mishra, Gokula 235
MISO Energy 267
Mobilink 80
Mondelez 39
monetization 11–13, 16–18, 20, 29, 31–2, 34, 40–1, 44, 46, 55–6, 66–9, 80–100, 139, 176, 195, 244–5, 257, 265–6, 273, 277, 281, 286–7, 290, 292
monetizing information 28–9; analytics as engine of 77; bartering for favorable terms and conditions 38–9; bartering for goods and services 37–8; being in information business 48–9; creating supplemental revenue stream 32–3; defraying costs of information management and analytics 40–1; enabling competitive differentiation 36–7; entering new markets 35–6; future of infonomics 292; improving citizen well-being 45–8; increasing customer acquisition and retention 29–31; introducing a new line of business 33–4; measurement benefits 244–5; more than cash for 14–16; myths of 12–13; possibilities of 11–12; recognizing organizational roadblocks to 287–8; reducing fraud and risk 44–5; reducing maintenance costs, cost overruns and delays 41–4; success of 74–6; understanding unstructured information 94–5; value of 265–6
monetizing information steps 55–74; alternatives for direct and indirect monetization 66–8; available information assets 59–66; feasibility of ideas 69–73; high-value ideas from other industries 69; information product management function 56–9; market cultivation for information 73–4; preparing data for monetization 73
Mozenda 65
Mullier, Graham 239n15
multiple listing service (MLS) 53–4
Multispectral 35
Nabisco 39
Nash Equilibrium 273
National Health Service 232
Naudé, Glabriel 156
Negroponte, Nicholas 147
Netflix 59
New York City, reducing fraud and risk 44–5
New York Stock Exchange 23, 134
Ng, Andrew 231
non-rivalrous 19, 131, 235, 256, 277, 280
non-rivalry principle 142, 274
Nordic Wellness Products 33
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) 147–8
Oberholzer-Gee, Felix 169
Ocean Tomo 213
O’Neal, Kelle 272
OpenClinical.org 98
operational data, information asset 61
opportunity cost for information 279–80
Orange 33
ownership: brief history of 223; habeas corpus of rulings on 226–7; information 221–2, 237–8; information location 223–5; infothievery 225–6; internal, of information 233–7; owning usage of information 230–1; personal, of personal information 231–3; see also information ownership; property, information as
Pacioli, Luca 210
Panchmatia, Nimish 43
Patel, Ash 134
patent 1, 19, 28; algorithm 239nn17–18; applications 230–1, 260; economic value 229; intangible asset 168, 207; intellectual property 128, 130
Patrick, Charlotte 34
People Capability Maturity Model (P-CMM) 165–6
people-process-technology 99
Pepsi 40
performance metrics, information supply chain 126–7
performance value of information (PVI) 254–5
periodicity 248
personal information, ownership of 231–3
personally identifiable information (PII) 25, 76, 178
physical asset management 158–63; asset condition 161–2; asset maintenance and replacement costs 162–3; asset register 160–1; asset risks 161–2; governance 188; vision 176
Pigott, Ian 7
Pinterest 31
Plotkin, David 187
PNC Bank 192
Poste Italiane 47
Post Malaysia 47
Potbot 64
Preska, Loretta 224
Prevedere Software 97
Price, James 106, 114–15, 181, 186, 272
price elasticity of information 275–6
process: applied asset management 194–6; information management 193–6; information management challenges 301–2; maturity, challenges and remedies 193–4
production possibility frontier 280
productive efficiency 280
productization, monetization success 75
product management function 56–9
profitability, information 24–6
ProgrammableWeb 63
property, information as 227–30
public data, information asset 64
Publicly Available Specification (PAS): metrics 184; physical asset management 158–60, 162–3
public-private partnerships 47
quality see data quality
Radio Shack 141
Rajesekhar, Ruchi 267
Raskino, Mark 37
records information management (RIM) 152–3
Reddit 23
relationships, bartering for 38–9
reusable nature, information 19–20
revenue: monetization success 74; supplemental stream 32–3; value of expanded 266
Ricardian Rent 273
risk 12, 14, 28, 44–5, 62, 74–5, 85, 89, 91–2, 106, 115, 125, 139, 152, 159–61, 185, 194, 216, 242–4, 256–7, 286–90; reduction 44–5, 74–5, 85, 89; monetization success 74
Rite Aid 32
Roosevelt, Franklin 37
Rosenkranz, E. Joshua 224
Rountree, Carey 30
Rowsell-Jones, Andy 132
Samek, Steve M. 205
Saylor, Michael 133
Schmarzo, Bill 260
Schmidt, Robert 260
Schrettinger, Martin 156
Schwartz, Hayward 115
search engine, Walmart 31
security, information 147, 150, 244, 286, 291
Seiner, Robert 187
SertintyOne 134
Sesha, Prakash 42
Shannon, Claude 261
Shea, Della 112
Shelley, Phil 41
Sigma-Aldrich 66
Silver, Isaac 20
Sims, John 34
Sinfield, Peter John 155
SJV Criminal Data Specialists 62
SmartPole 48
Smith, Fred 15
Smith, Michael 280
social media 16, 22, 31–2, 64–5, 80, 95, 230, 275, 297; data 64–5, 80; information asset 64–5
software-as-a-service (SaaS) 36, 197, 265
software asset management (SAM), infrastructure 198
Sondergaard, Peter 133
SoundCloud 34
Specialname.cn 35
Sports Authority 141
Spotify 34
Spratt, Martin 247
Sprint 33
SteadyServ 62
Steenstrup, Kristian 163
Stewart, Todd 99
Strassman, Paul 260
Strategy 55, 66, 77n2, 97, 100, 105–6, 108, 113–14, 116, 133–4, 138, 151, 157, 162, 177–84, 186, 194, 197, 233, 245, 265, 281, 283, 287, 289, 298; information leadership 177–81; information management challenges 298
subtransactional data 87, 101n11
succession, concept of 177
supply and demand 273; of information 274–5; principle of 273
supply chain 123; see also information supply chain (ISC)
supply chain management (SCM): applied asset management 194–6; information strategy 180–1; people 191–2
Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model 124–5
Surowiecki, James 272
sustainability 138–9, 159, 177, 180, 267
Swanton, Andrew 33
tax, taxation 14, 16, 18–19, 21–2, 36–7, 41, 44, 46, 50n20, 51n31, 142, 209, 266
taxation, information 21–2; technologies, marginal utility of information for 278
Telefonica 33
Telstra 233
Tesco 91
Te Urewera National Park 237
Teva Pharmaceutical Industries 33
Textron 292
Thomas, Charles 106
Thomson Reuters 169
Tobin, James 211
Tobin’s q 211
transportability 23–4, 96, 124–5, 127, 159
transferability, information 23–4
Trulia 32
Ulanowicz, Robert 138
Unilever 40
uniqueness 248
United Kingdom 7, 35, 91, 221, 238n1, 239n12
United States 13–14, 17, 22, 32, 36–7, 46, 59, 62, 65, 98, 116, 144, 186, 205–6, 211, 217n1, 218nn3–4, 224
usability 249
user satisfaction 82
U.S. Federal Reserve 13
U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) 22
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) 211, 216
Vallée, Paul 57
valuation 3, 9, 11, 15, 22, 38, 105, 118, 120n13, 170n3, 206–7, 217, 242, 244–5, 249–50
value: applying information valuation models 263–7; architecting information value 267; evidence of information’s economic 210–13; expanded revenue 266; information 208–10; innovation and digitalization 265; measuring information 246–61; monetization and analytics 265–6; proving the benefits of information governance 264; reduce information lifecycle expense 267; understanding and closing information value gaps 261–3; understanding corporate 245; Varian, Hal 272
Verizon 33
Vestas 87
Villar, Maria 272
Vision 77n2, 100, 108, 113–15, 126, 138, 155, 157, 174–7, 182–3, 263, 281, 283; information management 174–7; information management challenges 297–8
Vistar Media 34
Waller, Graham 37
Walsh, John 91
web content, information asset 62, 65, 154
web content management (WCM) 154
WeChat 35
Weininger, Bruce 164
Wells Fargo 106
Western Electric Factory 243
Westpac Bank 54
WhatsApp 232
Williams, Roger 135
Wilson, Woodrow 173
Wixom, Barb 272
World Bank 148
World Health Organization 95
XO Communications 61
Your Response (YR) 221
Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) 89
YouTube 34
zombie data 42