Index
A
climax, 77
development, 77
inciting incident, 76
recapitulation, 77
rising action, 77
Adams, Scott, 189
advertising, villains in, 67–68
aesthetics, in slides, 164–165
featurism, 164
purpose, 165
usability and, 165
Wabi-sabi, 195
agenda slides
“Death by PowerPoint,” 94
exposition, 85
AirPlay, 17
AirPrint, 17
Aliev, Arif, 58
The Anatomy of Story: 22 Steps to Becoming a Master Storyteller (Truby), 54, 76, 271
Anderson, Chris, 206
Anderson, Hans Christian, 78
anecdotes, 5
animation, in presentations, 159–161
complex effects, avoidance of, 159–160
fonts, 160
KeyNoteNF, 160
purpose, 160
speed, 160
antagonists, 87
antithesis, 15. See also contrast, in presentations
Apple, slide templates, 117
arcs. See emotional arc
Ariely, Dan, 18
The Art of Dramatic Writing (Egri), 78
“The Art of Start” (Kawasaki), 34, 55, 61, 207
Atkinson, Cliff, 8
audiences
assistance from, 255
during delivery mistakes, 261
conflict for, expectations of, 68
confrontation with, in presentations, 226–232
broadcasting mode, 210
empathy in, 211
as focus of presentation, 210–211
feedback, 13
goal-setting for, connection in, 28
likability and, 37
pandering to, 36
second-act syndrome for, 51
viewpoint of, 39
authenticity
improvisation, 248
in slide photos, 123
of story, 47
B
Bach, Johann Sebastian, 27
bad conflict, 19
ballroom style slides, 110
Beautiful Evidence (Tufte), 147
behavior. See on-stage behavior
believability, in delivery, 246–247
from consistency, 246
Belykh, Nikita, 206
Benson, Herbert, 255
Benson's relaxation response, 255
Benyus, Janine, 206
Berkun, Scott, 276
Beyond Bullet Points: Using Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2001 to Create Presentations That Inform, Motivate, and Inspiration (Atkinson), 8
Bishop, Todd, 204
Blink (Gladwell), 80
body awareness, 255
Bohr, Neils, 19
Brain Rules (Medina), 89
Bristol, Scott, 33
British Design Council, 10
British Index FTSE, 11
broadcasting mode, 210
Brookes print, as comparison slide, 137
BRUNO program, 7
in lists, in text slides, 121
photos as, 126
Campbell, David, 271
Campbell, Joseph, 78
Cannell, Charles, 205
Carlzon, Jan, 68
Carpenter, Lea, 233
Chalybäus, Heinrich Moritz, 15
charts
colors, 150
common mistakes, 152
coxcomb, 151
contrast in, 19
legends, 150
pie, 149
affirmations, 146
contrasts, 147
by Minard, 146
sparklines, 148
3D, 150
Ching, Bruce, 62
chunks of information, in short-term memory, 16–17
client-centric presentations, 35–37, 66–68
empathy in, 37
“Meet Henry” method, 66
pandering in, 36
vision in, 36
clients. See also audiences
empathy and, 37
pandering to, 36
vision for, 36
climax, 77
Coleman, Lerita, 205
color, in slide design, 172–177
color wheel oppositions, 174
guidelines, 177
matching techniques, 174
program sources, 174
symbolism and meaning with, 176
Windows Paint, 175
common mistakes, 152
coxcomb, 151
communication
presentations as, 2
through story, 6
comparison slides, 54–55, 136–144
Brookes print, 137
bubble charts, 142
startup positioning, 142
concept mapping editors, 44–45
moral, 99
wrap-ups, 98
conference room style slides, 110
Confessions of a Public Speaker (Berkun), 276
confidence, in goal-setting, 28–29
conflict
absence of, 52
audience expectations, 68
avoiding the obvious, 62
bad, 19
definition, 52
in diagrams, 134
emotional resonance, 62
problem-solving, 54
familiarity, 62
genres, 53
good, 19
creation, 65
flaws in, 67
in iconic presentations, 55
opposition in, 70
with external forces, 58
moral, 56
in questions, 60
second-act syndrome, 51
unintentional associations, 62
creation, 65
confrontation, in presentations, 226–232
of experts, in audience, 227
offensiveness as strategy, 229–230
strong language, 230
conscious bandwidth, human senses, 10
consistency, in presentations, 21
believability from, 246
slide templates, 117
contact improvisation, 258
contrast, in presentations, 15, 18–19. See also conflict
delivery
perfection versus passion, 223–226
diagrams, 19
Kirov Oblast case study, 169
slides, 19
design, 167
templates, 117
control, in delivery, 251–252, 255–256
audience assistance, 255
Benson's relaxation response, 255
body awareness, 255
Copeland, H. Liesel, 218
Cowan, Nelson, 17
coxcomb chart, 151
creativity, 37
crisis, 79. See also conflict
D
complex effects, avoidance of, 159–160
fonts, 160
KeyNoteNF, 160
purpose, 160
speed, 160
colors, 150
contrast in, 19
legends, 150
pie, 149
sparklines, 148
3D, 150
resources, 161
tables, 155
Davis, Philip, 245
de Place, Eric, 225
“Death by PowerPoint,” 269
agenda slides, 94
progress tracking, 95
Deceptive Communication (Stiff), 246
assistance as, 255
broadcasting mode, 210
empathy in, 211
as focus of presentation, 210–211
during mistakes, 261
from consistency, 246
contrast
perfection versus passion, 223–226
audience assistance, 255
Benson's relaxation response, 255
body awareness, 255
confidence monitors, 214
field of view, 214
obstructions, 215
presentation space layout, 215
by Gore, 219
as idiosyncratic, 225
audience assistance, 261
authenticity, 248
contact, 258
functional shifts, 245
listening to, 257
mistakes in, integration of, 258–262
time limits, 206
physical posture, 256
public speaking elements, 13–14
video recording of, 254
books, 276
practice, 277
workshops, 276
scientific presentations, 200–201
success factors, 201
stage fright, 13
Demosthenes, 69
design, 10–12. See also color, in slide design
bar charts, 154
division of labor argument, 11–12
pixilation, 189
proportions, 191
sizing, 189
contrast, 167
focal point, 167
hierarchy, 172
Kirov Oblast case study, 166–171
minimalism, 166
sweet spot, 167
whitespace, 171
contrasting fonts, 188
justified type, 187
letter spacing, 187
diagrams
contrast in, 19
process, 135
conflict, 134
legends, 135
organigraphs, 135
organizational chart, 134, 136
SmartArt, 143
Diallo, Amadou, 34
Diemand-Yauman, Connor, 178
digit-recall diagram, 17
discussions, in presentations, 227–228
division of labor argument, 11–12
Doherty-Sneddon, Gwyneth, 213
dramatic code, 76
E
editing
presentational charts, 147–148
Kirov Oblast case study, 166–171
Egri, Lajos, 78
Elkman, Paul, 211
Elop, Stephen, 246
emotional hook, 87
Emotional Structure (Dunne), 26
empathy
for clients, 37
in presentation delivery, 211
ethos, in persuasion, 4
agenda slides, 85
case studies, 99
hero introduction, 84
of situation, 85
welcome slides, 84
eye contact, in delivery, 212–215
field of view, 214
obstructions, 215
presentation space layout, 215
F
fabula, 76
Faust (von Goethe), 173
stage fright as opposed to, 13
featurism, 164
feedback
from audiences, 13
Fichte, Johann Gottlieb, 15
Field, Syd, 76
field of view, eye contact and, 214
focus, in presentations, 15–18
organization, 16
purpose, 16
shifts, 27
short-term memory limits, 16–17
chunks of information, theories for, 16–17
digit-recall diagram, 17
foils, 108
fonts, 30. See also specific fonts
in animation, 160
handwriting, 185
monospaced, 181
slides
emotional responses, 178
italicization, 179
types, 179
Ford, Henry, 35
Forethought, Inc., 7
Frankl, Viktor, 33
FreeMind, 44
Freytag, Gustav, 78
functional shifts, 245
G
Gallese, Vittorio, 234
Garber, Angela, 7
Giffords, Gabrielle, 125
Gladwell, Malcolm, 21, 34, 208, 233
speech timeline, 82
goal-setting, in presentations, 27–35
audience connection, 28
hierarchy, 38
information in, 28
measurability in, 28
motivation, 27
multiple goals and, 29
questions in, 29
definition, 30
educational context, 30
memory and, 30
in corporate structure, 32
definition of, 33
as emotional state, 33
logic and, 33
promotion of, 32
clients' needs, 36
persistence, 34
Godard, Jean-Luc, 76
Goldwyn, Samuel, 35
good conflict, 19
Good to Great (Collins), 2, 15, 32
use of humor, 219
H
Han Xiang, 247
Handel, George, 36
handwriting fonts, 185
personalized presentation, 70
Has, Wojciech Jerzy, 48
Hawking, Stephen, 278
Hegel, Georg, 15
Henry, Patrick, 63
heroes
creation, 65
flaws in, 67
in exposition, 84
monomyth, 78
The Hobbit (Tolkien), 64
hostility, in presentations, 230–231
How to Lie with Statistics, 158
human senses
conscious bandwidth, 10
neurophysiological research, 9
unconscious bandwidth, 10
by Gore, 219
I
Iacoboni, Marco, 234
IHMC CmapTools, 44
illustrations, in slides, 126–131
emotionality, 127
levels of abstraction, 127
sources, 131
images, in design, 188–191. See also illustrations, in slides; photos, in slides
vector graphics, 190
pixilation, 189
proportions, 191
sizing, 189
consistency in, 193
impact, in goal-setting, 29–31
authenticity, 248
contact, 258
functional shifts, 245
audience assistance for, 261
inciting incident, 76
An Inconvenient Truth, 12, 58, 86
J
Jobs, Steve, 29, 33–34, 55–57, 69, 204
on conflict with competition, 56–58
font use, 184
presentations for
personalized, 70
scale slides, 139
slide choice, 109
Jo-ha-ky
story structure, 78
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 205
Jurassic Park, 18
K
Kant, Immanuel, 15
Kawasaki, Gary, 34, 55, 61, 90, 207, 224
personalized presentation, 70
KeyNoteNF, 42
animation effects, 160
Master Slides, 113
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 34, 55
personalized presentation, 70
Kirov Oblast case study, in slides, 166–171
contrast, 169
focus, 169
Kitano, Takeshi, 78
Kouzes, Jim, 247
Kukushkin, Mark, 205
L
LATCH organizational scheme, 90–97
alphabet, 94
category, 95
for Jobs, 95
process diagrams, 96
time, 95
The Leadership Challenge (Kouzes/Posner), 247
choice of subject, 235
legends, in diagram slides, 135
Lessig, Lawrence, 34, 55, 111, 184
Libet, Benjamin, 33
lists, in text slides, 119–122
bullets, 121
design rules, 120
order, 122
spacing, 121
live presentations, 110
logic
story and, 6
in story problems, 87
values and, 33
The Lord of the Rings (Tolkien), 20
Lustig, Robert, 230
M
“The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on our Capacity for Processing Information” (Miller), 16
Mandela, Nelson, 5
Mann, Merlin, 208
ManyEyes web site, 161
Martin, Roger, 166
Master Slides, 113
Maugham, Somerset, 15
Medina, John, 89
“Meet Henry” method, 66
memory
recall and, 30
Merz, Hans-Rudolf, 219
Microsoft. See PowerPoint
digit-recall diagram, 17
Miller, Norman, 205
presentational charts, 146
process diagrams, 97
mind mapping applications, 43–44, 46
concept mapping editors and, 44
learning curve, 43
MindManager, 44
MindMeister, 44
Minto, Barbara, 5
The Minto Pyramid Principle: Logic in Writing, Thinking, & Problem Solving (Minto), 5
Mintzberg, Henry, 135
mistakes, in delivery, 258–262
audience assistance for, 261
monomyth, 78
monospaced fonts, 181
morals
problems with, 56
in story, 99
motivation, 27
myths
monomyth, 78
story and, 26
N
New Oxford American Dictionary, 4
Nightingale, Florence, 150–151
coxcomb chart, 151
The Non-Designer's Design Book (Williams), 166, 273
Norretranders, Tor, 9
Noteliner, 42
Novak, Joseph, 44
O
Obama, Barack
presentation
illustrations in, 129
infographics, 130
line charts, 157
photos in, 125
Oberauer, Klaus, 17
Oksenberg, Lois, 205
OmniOutliner, 43
OneNote, 43
on-stage behavior, 21
Oppenheimer, Daniel, 178
optical illusions, 158
organigraphs, 135
organization
focus and, 16
P
time limits, 206
The Paradox of Choice (Schwartz), 111
pathos, in persuasion, 4
percentages, visualization of, in slides, 148–150
pie charts, 149
perfectionism, delivery and, 223–226
performance, in presentations, 3
Period Table of Visualization Methods web site, 161
persistence, of vision, 34
The Personal Brain, 44
personal stories, in presentations, 69–72
opposition in, 70
Persuasive Communication (Stiff), 246
Peters, Tom, 118
authenticity, 123
as bullet point, 126
as evidence, 122
as explanation, 122
as illustration, 122
clichés in, 124
sources, 131
pictorial superiority, 8
pie charts, 149
plateaus, 79
Poetics (Aristotle), 76
poets, 5
Posner, Barry, 247
PowerPoint, 7
Master Slides, 113
slide templates, 115
Vajrayana approach, to slides, 108
Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our Decisions (Ariely), 18
presentations. See also animation, in presentations; data visualization; delivery; design; slides
aspects, 3
bullet points, 18
checklist, 266
empathy and, 37
pandering to, 36
vision for, 36
as communication, 2
complexity, 2
of experts, in audience, 227
offensiveness as strategy, 229–230
strong language, 230
consistency in, 21
charts, 19
diagrams, 19
slides, 19
delivery, 22
organization, 16
purpose, 16
shifts, 27
short-term memory limits, 16–17
fonts, 30
audience connection, 28
information in, 28
measurability in, 28
motivation, 27
multiple goals and, 29
questions in, 29
live, 110
on-stage behavior, 21
performance, 3
opposition in, 70
without presenters, 110
success factors, 201
BRUNO program, 7
design aspects, 10–11, 106–107
Hewlett-Packard development, 7
PowerPoint, 7
purpose, 9
as selling point, 12
teleprompters, 8
anecdotes, 5
causal evidence and, 6
communication through, 6
emotional component, 5
logic and, 6
myth and, 26
storytelling as opposed to, 5
urban legends, 26
consistency, 21
constraints, 22
definition, 76
information compression, 20
lists, 20
S-curve, 19
viewpoints, 39
Presentation Zen: Simple Ideas on Presentation Design and Delivery (Reynolds), 8
presentational charts, 146–148
affirmations, 146
contrasts, 147
by Minard, 146
presenters
presentations without, 110
second-act syndrome, 51
viewpoint of, 39
for Minard, 97
public speaking
as entertainment, 5
Q
questions
in goal-setting, 29
tension in, 60
Raikher, Yuri, 223
Really Bad PowerPoint (Godin), 108
recall
definition, 30
educational context, 30
impact and, 31
memory and, 30
recapitulation, 77
rehearsal, for delivery, 253–254
video recording of, 254
Resonate: Present Visual Stories that Transform Audiences (Duarte), 71, 271
Reynolds, Garr, 8, 108, 110, 269
Rhetoric (Aristotle), 4
rising action, 77
Rizzolatti, Giacomo, 234
Robbins, Tony, 206
Roche, Frank, 33
Rothafel, Samuel, 35
S
Sagarin, Brad, 229
The Saragossa Manuscript, 48
Savander, Niklas, 56
Say It with Charts: The Executive's Guide to Visual Communication (Zelazny), 108, 146, 273
Say It with Presentations (Zelazny), 108
Schell, Jesse, 47
Scherer, Cory, 229
Schiller, Phil, 62
Schwarz, Norbert, 178
scientific presentations, 200–201
The Screen Writer's Workbook (Field), 76
Screenplay (Field), 76
S-curve
emotional arc, 79
for presentation unity, 19
chunks of information, limits of, 16–17
theory of four, 17
theory of seven, 16
digit-recall diagram, 17
Sinek, Simon, 31
slides, 3, 7–13, 22, 267–268. See also design; illustrations, in slides; photos, in slides; text slides
featurism, 164
purpose, 165
agenda
“Death by PowerPoint,” 94
exposition, 85
ballroom style, 110
client thinking, 113
form, 111
process, 111
for scientific community, 113
Brookes print, 137
bubble charts, 142
startup positioning, 142
conference room style, 110
contrast, 167
focal point, 167
hierarchy, 172
Kirov Oblast case study, 166–171
minimalism, 166
sweet spot, 167
whitespace, 171
conflict, 134
legends, 135
organigraphs, 135
organizational chart, 134, 136
SmartArt, 143
functions, 106
Hewlett-Packard development, 7
BRUNO program, 7
consistency in, 193
PowerPoint, 7
finalization, 106
pictorial superiority, 8
purpose, 9
practice, 275
web site feeds, 274
as selling point, 12
strategy, 41
teleprompters, 8
Apple, 117
consistency, 117
contrast, 117
corporate style guidelines, 114
PowerPoint, 115
transitions, 160
foils, 108
PowerPoint, 108
problems, 112
welcome, 84
live presentations, 110
slide presentation programs, 7
slide templates. See templates, for slides
slide transitions, 160
Small Business Computing, 7
SmartArt diagrams, 143
case studies, 100
LATCH organizational scheme, 90–97
alphabet, 94
category, 95
for Jobs, 95
process diagrams, 96
time, 95
Song, Hyunjin, 178
spacing, in text slides, 121
Speak to Win: How to Present with Power in Any Situation (Tracy), 14
speech patterns, in delivery, 251–253
stage fright, 13
Start with Why (Sinek), 31
Stiff, James, 246
stock photos, for slides, 123–124
clichés in, 124
story, 4–7, 266–267. See also conflict; unity, in presentations
climax, 77
development, 77
inciting incident, 76
recapitulation, 77
rising action, 77
anecdotes, 5
authenticity, 47
causal evidence and, 6
communication through, 6
moral, 99
wrap-ups, 98
crisis, 79
plateaus, 79
S-curve, 79
emotional component, 5
agenda slides, 85
hero introduction, 84
of situation, 85
welcome slides, 84
cherry-picking, 47
creation, 65
flaws in, 67
monomyth, 78
linearity, 39
logic and, 6
brainstorming, 45
hierarchies, 46
myth and, 26
antagonists, 87
case studies, 99
emotional hook, 87
logic, 87
sequences, 41
case studies, 100
LATCH organizational scheme, 90–97
storytelling as opposed to, 5
strategy slides, 41
classical, 77
types, 78
unity in
definition, 76
dramatic code, 76
urban legends, 26
creation, 65
concept mapping editors, 44
mind mapping applications, 43–44
Story: Substance, Structure, Style and The Principles of Screenwriting (McKee), 52, 271
story arcs. See emotional arc
story sequences, 41
storytelling, 22
books, 271
story as opposed to, 5
strategy slides, 41
synthesis, 15. See also unity, in presentations
syzuzhet, 76
T
data visualization, 155
Taylor, Jill Bolte, 21
speech timeline, 82
time limits, of presentations, 206
teleprompters, 8
templates, for slides, 113–117
Apple, 117
consistency, 117
contrast, 117
corporate style guidelines, 114
PowerPoint, 115
in questions, 60
text slides, 118–122. See also typography
bullets, 121
design rules, 120
order, 122
spacing, 121
for Obama, 158
problems, 118
Theory of Colours (von Goethe), 173
thesis, 15. See also focus, in presentations
3D charts, 150
Tracy, Brian, 14
truth-telling. See authenticity
Tufte, Edward, 108, 139, 147–148
Twain, Mark, 253
contrasting fonts, 188
justified type, 187
letter spacing, 187
U
unconscious bandwidth, human senses, 10
unity
consistency, 21
constraints, 22
definition, 76
information compression, 20
lists, 20
S-curve, 19
in story
definition, 76
dramatic code, 76
urban legends, 26
The User Illusion: Cutting Consciousness Down to Size (Norretranders), 9
V
Vajrayana approach, to slides, 107–111
foils, 108
PowerPoint, 108
problems, 112
values
in corporate structure, 32
definition of, 33
as emotional state, 33
logic and, 33
promotion of, 32
Van der Heyden, Ludo, 135
Vaughn, Erikka, 178
of rehearsal, 254
creation, 65
clients' needs, 36
persistence, 34
The Visual Display of Quantitative Information (Tufte), 147
concept mapping editors, 44–45
mind mapping applications, 43–44, 46
multiple level creations, 42
Vogler, Chris, 271
von Goethe, Johann Wolfgang, 173
W
Wabi-sabi, as aesthetic concept, 195
Warde, Beatrice, 12
Watzlawick, Paul, 116
welcome slides, 84
whitespace, in slide design, 171
Windows Paint, 175
Wurman, Richard Saul, 90
X - Y
yEd, 44
Yeltsin, Boris, 209
Z