Dipanker Jyoti and James A. Hutcherson

Salesforce Architect’s Handbook

A Comprehensive End-to-End Solutions Guide

1st ed.
Dipanker Jyoti
Rockville, MD, USA
James A. Hutcherson
Orlando, FL, USA
ISBN 978-1-4842-6630-4e-ISBN 978-1-4842-6631-1
© Dipanker Jyoti and James A. Hutcherson 2021
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This book is dedicated to the Ohana of the Salesforce ecosystem. Each person who contributes to its Trust, Customer Success, Innovation, and Equality makes it possible to extend the ecosystem to amazing heights.

Introduction

This book is intended for several different audiences including (1) Salesforce implementation partners who are building their practice and want to define the overall strategy and architecture approach, (2) Salesforce industry professionals who need a one-stop educational resource to Salesforce architecture and for the Salesforce architecture domain certification exams, and (3) enterprise cloud champions who are involved in implementing, optimizing, and architecting Salesforce-based solutions within their organization.

What This Book Is About

This book takes an in-depth look into the seven key architecture domains that form the pillars of any Salesforce-based solution.

Platform as a Service Architecture

  • Provides an overview of the Force.com platform as a service (PaaS) architecture and the key components that empower the Salesforce SaaS model.

  • Understand the microservices-based architecture of Salesforce Lightning consisting of highly scalable and reusable Salesforce Lightning components, Salesforce Lightning pages, and Salesforce Lightning apps.

  • Understand “When to Use What” standard features of Salesforce and the considerations, limitations, and trade-offs of declarative vs. programmatic configurations.

  • Understand the AppExchange marketplace and the significance of considering third-party AppExchange microservices components and AppExchange apps.

  • Understand the considerations, limitations, and trade-offs between declarative and programmatic design on the Salesforce platform.

Salesforce Data Architecture

  • Provides an overview of the Salesforce platform architecture considerations when working with large data volumes (LDVs).

  • Understand the object-oriented data modeling concepts within Salesforce and key considerations in designing the right Salesforce object model.

  • Understand the data migration strategy, considerations, and appropriate tools to use.

Salesforce Security Model Architecture

  • Understand the “Who Sees What and How” within Salesforce.

  • Architect a solution that utilizes the appropriate platform security mechanisms.

  • Design a secure Salesforce community portal architecture including access by both internal and external users.

  • Identify declarative platform security features that can be used to meet record-level security requirements.

  • Identify the programmatic platform security features that can be used to meet security requirements.

  • Describe how to incorporate the platform security features into a solution.

Salesforce Integration Architecture

  • Understand and evaluate the integration strategy for cloud-to-cloud, cloud-to-on-premise, and multi–Salesforce org integration scenarios.

  • Understand when to use Canvas apps vs. integrating with Heroku apps vs. integrating using Salesforce Connect vs. integrating using a middleware such as MuleSoft.

  • Understand the various integration patterns and justify their use as part of the overall integration architecture.

  • Recommend and justify the appropriate integration strategy and integration patterns.

  • Recommend the appropriate platform-specific integration technology.

Salesforce Identity and Access Management Architecture

  • Understand the concepts of identity provider (IDP)–initiated and service provider (SP)–initiated protocols.

  • Understand the out-of-the-box declarative capabilities to configure single sign-on (SSO).

  • Understand the capabilities of integrated apps and ODATA integrations.

  • Understand the benefits, considerations, and trade-offs of incorporating external applications.

  • Understand the considerations, trade-offs, and benefits of using middleware solutions vs. Salesforce Identity.

Mobile Architecture

  • Understand the concepts of Mobile Device Management (MDM) and Mobile Device Federation (MDF).

  • Understand the considerations for a mobile platform strategy.

  • Understand the Salesforce mobile architecture options, design trade-offs, and benefits.

  • Understand the design approaches of architecting a Salesforce mobile solution using Mobile SDK or Salesforce1 Mobile App or the Field Service Lightning app.

  • Understand the capabilities of the Salesforce Mobile SDK.

  • Understand the strategies and use cases for wearables and connected devices and the appropriate architecture patterns.

Development and Deployment Lifecycle

In addition to the six architecture concepts outlined previously, this book also offers the industry best practices and the recommended framework for approaching, managing, delivering, and continuously improving a Salesforce solution using the Salesforce Development and Deployment Lifecycle:
  • Understand the Salesforce Development Lifecycle Methodology (SDLM).

  • Learn to evaluate and mitigate Salesforce implementation risks, dependencies, and constraints.

  • Understand the key stakeholders needed for any Salesforce projects and understand their roles and responsibilities.

  • Understand the best practices for setting up a Center of Excellence and a Salesforce Governance Model.

  • Identify the appropriate test strategy and user acceptance strategy for Salesforce implementations.

  • Learn to evaluate and use the appropriate tools for Salesforce project management, business requirements management, testing, and release management.

  • Understand benefits and best practices for using source control and continuous integration for Salesforce release management.

What This Book Is Not

This book is not a screen-by-screen configuration guide for Salesforce, nor does it have any code snippets to learn programming. Although configuration, Apex, and Visualforce capabilities are discussed in this book, they are explained at the level that is necessary for an architect to architect an ideal Salesforce solution.

This book is not an encyclopedia covering every feature of Salesforce as we did not intend to replace the user manuals and Salesforce Trailhead1 published by Salesforce. We have made the best attempt to add as many references as possible to Salesforce content, Salesforce trailheads, and other Salesforce contents throughout the book. Even if we could have covered every feature of Salesforce, it would be outdated by the time you read this book, given the pace at which Salesforce changes every day.

Instead, this book covers the consistent context needed by a Salesforce architect to group old and new features for their architectural use. It also connects the dots between any two features by categorizing their relevance within the seven architectural domains.

How Best to Read This Book

We have arranged each chapter in this book in the most logical order possible to match the sequence of architecting an ideal Salesforce solution. We have decoupled each chapter from other chapters such that they can be read independently on their own. For the readers who are just beginning their architect journey, we would definitely recommend completing Chapters 1 and 2 before jumping into any domain-specific chapters located within Chapters 39.

For some of our advanced architects, we would highly recommend starting with Chapter 2 before jumping into any domain-specific chapters located within Chapters 39.

This book is meant to be an architecture handbook that should be referenced and revisited by Salesforce architects throughout their architectural practice. For instance, if you are working on an assignment which requires heavy integrations, you can jump directly to Chapter 6 or Appendix B to get everything needed to design your integrations.

The content in this book is a culmination of our combined industry experiences and consultations with Multiple Salesforce Certified Technical Architects (CTAs) and aspiring CTAs in their approach to architecting a Salesforce solution. The content in this book comprises the learning materials we used to achieve our Salesforce Certified Application Architect and Salesforce Certified System Architect certifications. This book is also a reference guide to studying for the Salesforce CTA board exam.

Acknowledgments

A book like this cannot be accomplished without the support and compromise made by my family. My beautiful and amazing wife, Junko Maki, who has spent the last 9 years of her life unconditionally loving me and selflessly supporting my ambitions. She is my best friend, philosopher, coach, and therapist. The last part is probably something I need a lot of. Her understanding and compromise to allow me to spend several nights and weekends in my office room by myself is an equal contribution made by her in completing this book, as it has been for me. Thank you for all you do for me and the kids every single day, in addition to your real estate career. I could not have been where I am without you in my life.

I am also the proud father of two teenage sons, Kazuya Jyoti and Ouji Jyoti, who were the first reviewers of the initial chapters of this book. My efforts were already paid in full the day they both read the first chapter of this book and said they really want to become cloud architects. Their persistent request to write more chapters so they could learn more about Salesforce kept me going with a relentless motivation to research and write each chapter with love and dedication.

Giving back to the community is something I learned at a young age by simply observing my mother, Arati Jyoti, who is a Reiki Grandmaster and a volunteer at Mother Teresa’s order of missionaries and St. Jude Children’s Hospital in Mumbai, India. She dedicated the last 30 years of her life to offering Reiki treatments to people with various physical, emotional, and mental illnesses. In addition to this, she volunteers her remaining time to St. Jude Children’s Hospital. My father, Haran Jyoti, who has selflessly dedicated his life to meeting his family’s every need and raising his only son with the belief that everything is achievable as long as you don’t give up. He was the person to tell me “you can do it” when I said I wanted to write a book on Salesforce architecture.

I am truly blessed to have my friend and co-author, James Hutcherson, partnering with me on this book, without whom this book could not have been completed. Thanks for trusting me and diving in with all your dedication. Your collaboration and contribution has been truly invaluable.

I want to thank Matt Francis for his constant support and feedback on this book. Matt is a Salesforce veteran and a Salesforce Certified Technical Architect (CTA), who has not only been a Salesforce mentor to me but has been an unstoppable force in my success with my Salesforce career. His nonstop encouragement and endless motivation each day at work has led my Salesforce journey to be where it is today.

A book is only as good as its reviewer, for which I want to thank Kal Chintala. His invaluable knowledge in Salesforce in general and as a Salesforce Certified Technical Architect (CTA) has helped us tremendously in correcting many parts of this book and getting new perspectives on our content.

Similarly, a great contribution was made by the Salesforce Generations CTA group that reviewed our book and provided their unbiased review for our material. The Salesforce Generations CTA group is a weekly CTA study group that includes Sudhir Durvasula, Waruna Buwaneka, Chetan Devraj, Brock Elgart, Jim Hutcherson, and Julia Kantarovsky, in addition to James and me. We dedicated several of our study group sessions to reviewing each chapter line by line and getting collective feedback from the group.

Last but not the least, I would like to thank Rita Fernando and Susan McDermott from Apress for believing in me and giving me an opportunity to write this book for Apress. I still remember the day I contacted both of you, and never in a thousand years could I have imagined what this journey was going to be. Thanks for your patience and continuous support throughout the entire process.

—Dipanker “DJ” Jyoti

I would like to thank my adorable wife, Sherry Hutcherson, for her loving support along this journey. She is my best friend and has been my champion for more than 40 years. She allowed me to accomplish more than I ever could have done without her giving me advice and inspiration. Her encouragement made my contribution to this book a reality. Thank you, Sherry, for everything you do and for allowing me to have and obtain the “big dreams.”

I am honored that Dipanker “DJ” Jyoti invited me to join in this endeavor. Without all the hard work you invested from start to finish, it would still just be a thought in my head. Your hard work getting this book approved and supported by Apress made it a reality. Thank you for letting me join your effort to write this book.

I would like to thank the members of the Salesforce Generations weekly CTA study group including DJ, Sudhir Durvasula, Waruna Buwaneka, Chetan Devraj, Brock Elgart, Jim Hutcherson (my son), and Julia Kantarovsky. They have provided thought leadership and assistance for both studying for the CTA exam and allowing DJ and me to ask hard questions and test topics with seasoned professionals in the field.

I am grateful to my family for the words of encouragement and the support over the years. My son, Jim Hutcherson, has shown me that even an old dog like me can still learn new tricks. You are an amazing Salesforce architect. But more importantly, you are the best son I could have ever asked for. You are an exemplary father, husband, and role model for everyone you meet. Maureen Hutcherson, thank you for the love, support, and fun you bring to the family. Dave and Vickie Magill, Kathy Bevec, and Patty and Ronnie Eamich, thank you for accepting me even when I’m “preoccupied” and still providing assistance and encouragement at just the right times. Thank you to Renee and Richard Abell and Chis and Jim Sabo for cheering me on over the years. You helped more than you will ever know.

I would not have co-written this book without the opportunities, challenges, and successes I gained from the amazing organizations I have worked with over the years, including Capgemini, Adnubis, Apollo Education, Net Direct, Advizex, Agilysys/Pioneer-Standard, NCR, Anderson Jacobson, and the US Navy. My architectural knowledge evolved and matured from each of you allowing me to try, succeed, and sometimes fail. I would like to make a shout-out to Capgemini Government Solutions for investing actively in my career and the larger Salesforce ecosystem. Thank you.

I would like to offer a special thank you to Kal Chintala for his tireless support and guidance as the technical reviewer for this book. Your comments and ideas truly helped make it more valuable to our readers. Thank you for the effort and your friendship. It is greatly appreciated.

Finally, I would like to offer my sincere gratitude to Rita Fernando, Susan McDermott, and the staff at Apress who saw the value of this material and partnered with DJ and me in its publication. You have consistently provided the highest level of support, directions, and patience throughout the entire writing process, and for that you have my greatest appreciation.

—James A. Hutcherson

Table of Contents
Index 373
About the Authors
Dipanker “DJ” Jyoti
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is an industry veteran with over two decades of experience in managing digital transformation engagements with Fortune 500 companies. Dipanker holds a total of 23 industry certifications, among which 13 certifications are in Salesforce, including the Salesforce Certified System Architect and Salesforce Certified Architect certifications. Some of his other architect-level certifications include AWS Certified Solutions Architect - Professional, Google Cloud Certified Professional Architect, Microsoft Certified Azure Solutions Architect, and Certified Blockchain Expert.

Dipanker currently works for IBM as an associate partner, managing IBM’s Global Salesforce Assets. Previous to IBM, he held executive positions at Capgemini, Accenture, and Citibank. Dipanker’s involvement with Salesforce began a decade ago, as part of a strategic business transformation engagement, where he got intimately involved in building a Salesforce proof of concept to demonstrate the capabilities of using a low code/no code CRM solution. He instantly fell in love with Salesforce and has since continued his journey to grow and share his knowledge of Salesforce among his peers and the cloud community. He currently manages an online blog on cloud architecture concepts, accessible at www.cloudmixdj.com . Dipanker lives with his wife, Junko, and two sons, Kazuya and Ouji, in Rockville, MD. In his free time, he enjoys cooking for his family and watching premier league soccer. For more details about Dipanker, you can follow him on LinkedIn at www.linkedin.com/in/dipanker-dj-jyoti-3104974 .

 
James A. Hutcherson
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is a seasoned business leader with more than 40 years of technology experience. His first Salesforce project was implemented in 2004 where he started his Salesforce journey. During this time, James had taken every opportunity to grow his Salesforce knowledge. He holds 17 Salesforce certifications including Certified Salesforce Application Architect and Certified Salesforce System Architect. James is an avid educator and has hosted several no-cost Salesforce training sessions over the last few years to give back and grow the Salesforce ecosystem.

James is currently a principal and the chief technical architect at Capgemini Government Solutions where he leads the Salesforce Practice delivering enterprise-class solutions to US federal government customers. He earned an MBA from Baldwin Wallace College, an MSCIS from the University of Phoenix, and a BA from Southern Illinois University - Carbondale. James and his wife, Sherry, live in Orlando, FL, where they enjoy spending time with their family and four wonderful grandchildren. Follow him on LinkedIn at www.linkedin.com/in/jim-hutcherson-2018/ and Twitter at https://twitter.com/hutchersonj .

 
About the Technical Reviewer
Kal Chintala
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is one of about 300 Salesforce Certified Technical Architects (CTAs) worldwide with over 15 years of experience in delivering Salesforce and other CRM systems architectures, software design, and data modeling. Most of these projects are executed in Agile fashion while managing technical risk and change and software quality assurance for enterprise-wide transformation of many federal and Fortune 500 companies. Kal has managed Salesforce architectures for up to 65,000 users globally, including achieving more than $1.2 million in operational efficiencies by consolidating services onto Salesforce. His demonstrated industry experience achieves operational efficiencies through innovative applications of technology and business process enhancements. Kal currently serves as a Salesforce Practice strategy advisor, a technology lead, and an SME on road map and delivery of complex enterprise-wide Salesforce implementations across federal civilian and defense clients. Kal earned his bachelor’s from Madras University, India, and has a master’s from La Trobe University, Australia. He has earned more than 25 certifications including multiple certifications in Salesforce. Kal lives with his wife and two beautiful kids in Ashburn, Virginia. You can follow him on LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/in/kalch/ .

 
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