05

TYPICAL SHOOTING SCENARIOS

SHOOTING SCENARIO PORTRAIT

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KEY PRINCIPLES

  • The key to a portrait like this is shallow depth of field. So shoot in APERTURE PRIORITY mode and start with the lowest aperture your lens offers (such as f/2.8 or f/4).
  • Remember to focus on the eyes.
  • If the image is too dark or too light, use EXPOSURE COMPENSATION to adjust the brightness level.
  • If the image is blurry from a slow shutter speed, raise the ISO to increase your sensor’s sensitivity to light, thus allowing for a faster shutter speed.
  • Remember to use a focal length of 50mm or greater so that you don’t distort your subject’s face.

SHOOTING SCENARIO GROUP PORTRAIT

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KEY PRINCIPLES

  • In order to get everyone in focus, you need a deep depth of field. So shoot in APERTURE PRIORITY mode and set the aperture between f/8–f/16.
  • Focus on the person in the middle of the group. Check focus by zooming in to view it at 100% and check the faces in the group. If anyone is out of focus, use a smaller aperture for deeper depth of field.
  • Use MULTI METERING mode to account for the light in the entire scene.
  • Arrange the group so they can all see you (and you can see them).
  • Use EXPOSURE COMPENSATION if the image is too bright or too dark.
  • If image is blurry, raise the ISO to allow the camera to use a faster shutter speed.

SHOOTING SCENARIO LANDSCAPE

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KEY PRINCIPLES

  • Shoot in APERTURE PRIORITY mode to control depth of field, and start with f/16 to ensure deep depth of field.
  • Use a tripod to eliminate camera movement. Whenever your camera is on a tripod, also make sure STEADYSHOT (image stabilization) is turned off.
  • Use MULTI METERING mode and SINGLE-SHOT AF (AF-S).
  • Set the ISO to a low setting (100–200) to avoid any digital noise.
  • Shoot in RAW so that you have the most information available when editing later.
  • Consider BRACKETING your exposures.

SHOOTING SCENARIO FREEZE ACTION

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KEY PRINCIPLES

  • Use SHUTTER PRIORITY mode and set the shutter speed to a value that will freeze the action. The appropriate shutter speed depends on your subject and its movement, but could be anywhere between 1/500–1/8000 sec.
  • Use CONTINUOUS AF (AF-C) so that the camera keeps focusing as the subject moves.
  • Try the FLEXIBLE SPOT focus area setting to make it easier to focus on the subject and not the background or foreground.
  • If the image is dark or blurry, raise the ISO or try AUTO ISO to automatically have the camera adjust the ISO as needed.

SHOOTING SCENARIO SHOWING MOTION—PANNING

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KEY PRINCIPLES

  • Shoot in SHUTTER PRIORITY mode and set the shutter speed to a value that is slow enough to allow for the subject to move during the exposure.
  • Follow the subject across the frame as you shoot.
  • Try using the LCD monitor (instead of the viewfinder) to watch the speed of the subject, making it easier to track.
  • Use CONTINUOUS AF (AF-C), as well as ZONE focus area.

SHOOTING SCENARIO LOW-LIGHT ACTION

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KEY PRINCIPLES

  • Shoot in APERTURE PRIORITY mode and use a wide aperture such as f/2.8 or f/4.
  • Use SPOT METERING and meter on the subject’s face.
  • Use CONTINUOUS AF (AF-C) and the FLEXIBLE SPOT focus area.
  • Set the ISO to 1600 or higher, depending on the amount of available light.
  • If the image is blurry, increase the ISO to allow for a faster shutter speed.

SHOOTING SCENARIO LONG EXPOSURE

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KEY PRINCIPLES

  • Use MANUAL Shooting mode, which allows you to use the BULB shutter speed for long exposures.
  • Use a tripod to keep the camera stable. Turn off STEADYSHOT (image stabilization).
  • Use the SINGLE-SHOT AF (AF-S) focus mode, or try manual focus if the camera is having a hard time locking on focus.
  • Use a low ISO (100–400) and shoot RAW to ensure a high-quality file.
  • Use an optional remote release with a lock to avoid touching (shaking) the camera.

SHOOTING SCENARIO MACRO/CLOSE-UP

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KEY PRINCIPLES

  • Shoot in APERTURE PRIORITY mode and use a small aperture to ensure you achieve enough depth of field (this image was shot at f/13).
  • Use MULTI METERING to analyze the light in the entire frame.
  • A tripod is very useful for keeping the camera steady.
  • Use MANUAL FOCUS and zoom in to confirm your focus is tack-sharp.
  • Try using a dedicated macro lens or close-up filters to make sure you can achieve sharp focus when you’re so close to the subject.
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