A
above and below base method of multiplication
one-hundred
ten
above the base method of multiplication
one-hundred
ten
addition
base-10
checking answers, digit-sum process
decimal numbers
fractions
denominator is factor of other
same denominator
vertically and crosswise method
left-to-right
rapid columnar
three-digit numbers
two-digit numbers
number splitting
all from 9 and last from 10 method of subtraction
ending earlier in problem
starting late in problem
subtracting from power of 10
altered remainders, flag method of division
answers, checking, digit-sum process
approximating percentages
auxiliary fractions
denominator ending in 1 or series of 1’s
denominator ending in 9 or series of 9’s
B
base-10 addition
base-10 subtraction
base method of multiplication
above
above and below
below
combined problems
multiples and submultiples
below the base method of multiplication
one-hundred
ten
C
calculating numbers to fifth power
calculating numbers to fourth power
casting out nines method, digit-sum process
checking answers, digit-sum process
addition
casting out nines
division
multiplication
nine-point circle
subtraction
converting fractions into percentages
converting percentages into decimals
converting percentages into fractions
cubed numbers
calculating cubes near a base
finding cubes above a base
finding cubes below a base
finding cubes of two-digit numbers
cube roots, finding of perfect cubes
D–E
decimal numbers
adding
dividing
by another decimal number
by whole number
powers of 10
multiplying
powers of ten
vertically and crosswise method
subtracting
decimals, converting percentages into
decreases, percentages
digit-sum process
addition
casting out nines
division
multiplication
nine-point circle
subtraction
divisibility rules
osculation method
negative osculation
positive osculation
auxiliary fractions
denominator ending in 1
denominator ending in 9
checking answers, digit-sum process
decimal numbers
by another decimal number
by whole number
powers of 10
divisibility rules
osculation method
flag method
altered remainders
four-digit divisors
three-digit divisors
two-digit divisors
fractions
duplex
finding values of squared numbers
four-digit squares
three-digit squares
two-digit squares
finding square roots
F–H
fifth power, calculating numbers
finding squares of numbers below 50
finding squares of numbers ending in 5
finding squares of numbers near 50
finger multiplication
four times table
nine times table
three times table
two times table
universal times table
flag method of division
altered remainders
four-digit divisors
three-digit divisors
two-digit divisors
fourth power, calculating numbers
four times table, finger multiplication
fractions
adding
denominator is factor of other
same denominator
vertically and crosswise method
auxiliary
denominator ending in 1
denominator ending in 9
converting into percentages
converting percentages into
dividing
multiplying
one denominator is factor of other
same denominator
vertically and crosswise method
I–K
increases, percentages
L
left-to-right addition
rapid columnar
three-digit numbers
two-digit numbers
left-to-right subtraction
M
multiplication
above and below base method
one-hundred
ten
above the base method
one-hundred
ten
below the base method
one-hundred
ten
by eleven
adding to the neighbor
two-digit numbers
checking answers, digit-sum process
combined problems
decimal numbers
powers of ten
vertically and crosswise method
finger
four times table
nine times table
three times table
two times table
universal times table
fractions
multiples and submultiples
vertically and crosswise method
two-digit by two-digit
N
negative osculation, divisibility rules
nine-point circle, digit-sum process
nine times table, finger multiplication
number splitting, addition
number splitting, subtraction
osculation method, divisibility
osculation rules, divisibility
negative osculation
positive osculation
P
percentages
approximating
converting fractions into
converting into decimals
converting into fractions
decreases
expressing one quantity as percentage of another
finding of a given quantity
three-digit numbers
two-digit numbers
increases
perfect cubes, finding cube roots
perfect squares, finding square roots
positive osculation, divisibility rules
Q
quantities
expressing one quantity as percentage of another
finding percentages
three-digit numbers
two-digit numbers
R
rapid left-to-right columnar addition
S
squared numbers
finding squares of numbers below 50
finding squares of numbers ending in 5
finding squares of numbers near 50
sums of squares
using duplex to find value
four-digit squares
three-digit squares
two-digit squares
finding of perfect squares
finding with duplexes
subtraction
all from 9 and last from 10
ending earlier in problem
starting late in problem
subtracting from power of 10
base-10
checking answers, digit-sum process
decimal numbers
fractions
one denominator is factor of other
same denominator
vertically and crosswise method
left-to-right
number splitting
sums of squares
T
tables, finger multiplication
four times table
nine times table
three times table
two times table
universal times table
three times table, finger multiplication
two-digit by two-digit multiplication, vertically and crosswise method
two times table, finger multiplication
U
universal times table, finger multiplication
V–Z
vertically and crosswise method
adding fractions
multiplication
vertically and crosswise method of multiplication
two-digit by two-digit