NOTES

INTRODUCTION

1. Five Whys is a problem-solving method that encourages problem-solvers to explore beyond the most immediate apparent cause of a problem by asking what causes the apparent cause, what causes the secondary cause, etc, down to the 5th-level cause.

CHAPTER 1

1. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Sign of the Four (New York: Penguin Classics, October 2001), pg 16.

2. Lean and Six Sigma techniques are classic Business Improvement or Continuous Improvement techniques. A Fishbone Diagram is a cause and effect diagram that structures efforts to identify different types of potential causes of a problem.

3. The PackCorp scientific process was an early Process Improvement method, developed by PackCorp for internal use. It expanded upon early methods developed in Japan like the Toyota Production System (TPS) and was an early iteration of business problem-solving that influenced later methods like those used in Lean and Six Sigma..

4. Fault Tree Analysis is used to create a “tree” of factors that lead to a fault. It typically expands a fault or potential fault into two or more necessary conditions for a fault to not occur. Those conditions are in turn expanded by the conditions that are necessary to cause them to happen or not happen, etc, until the user has reached relatively fundamental conditions.

CHAPTER 2

1. Cheri Huber. There Is Nothing Wrong With You. (Chicago: Keep It Simple Books; October 1, 2001).

CHAPTER 3

1. George Lucas, Star Wars: Episode V—The Empire Strikes Back (20th Century Fox, 1980).

CHAPTER 4

1. W. Clemens Zinck, Dynamic Work Simplification (Malabar, FL: Krieger Publishing, 1971), pg 122.

2. Paul Polak, Out of Poverty: What Works When Traditional Approaches Fail (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2009).

3. Ibid., pg 9.

CHAPTER 5

1. Charles Duhigg, The Power of Habit. (New York: Random House Trade Paperbacks, January 7, 2014.)

2. In fluid dynamics, Bernoulli’s principle states that an increase in the speed of a fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid’s potential energy. The principle is named after Daniel Bernoulli who published it in his book Hydrodynamica in 1738.

CHAPTER 8

1. Michael Lewis, Moneyball (New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2004).

CHAPTER 10

1. Steven Spielberg, Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade (Paramount Pictures, 1989).

2. You can learn about Variable Analysis in greater detail at http://www.stopguessingbook.com.

CHAPTER 11

1. Stephen King, On Writing. (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001). pg. 275