Appendix C

Selected Goldman Employees and Lobbyists with Government Positions (Before or After Goldman)

JOSHUA BOLTEN

Government: President George W. Bush’s chief of staff, 2006–2009; director of Office of Management and Budget, 2003–2006; White House deputy chief of staff, January 20, 2001–June 2003

Goldman: Executive director of legal affairs for Goldman based in London (the bank’s chief lobbyist to the EU), 1994–1999

KENNETH D. BRODY

Government: President and chairman of the Export-Import Bank of the United States, 1993–1996

Goldman: Former adviser and board member of the management committee at Goldman, where he worked from 1971 to 1991

KATHLEEN BROWN

Government: Former California state treasurer

Goldman: Senior adviser responsible for public finance, western region

MARK CARNEY

Government: Governor of the Bank of Canada since 2008

Goldman: Thirteen-year career with Goldman; left in 1995

ROBERT COGORNO

Government: Former aide to Richard Gephardt (D.-Mo.) and one-time floor director for Steny Hoyer (D-Md.), the number two House Democrat

Goldman: Works for [Steve] Elmendorf Strategies, which lobbies for Goldman

KENNETH CONNOLLY

Government: Staff director of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee, 2001–2006

Goldman: Vice president at Goldman from June 2008 to present

E. GERALD CORRIGAN

Government: President of the New York Fed, 1985–1993

Goldman: Joined Goldman in 1994, currently a partner and managing director; also appointed chairman of GS Bank USA, the firm’s holding company, in September 2008

JON CORZINE

Government: Governor of New Jersey, 2006–2010; US Senator, 2001–2006, where he served on the Banking and Budget committees

Goldman: Former Goldman CEO; worked at Goldman from 1975 to 1998

GREGORY CRAIG

Government: White House Counsel in Obama administration

Goldman: Took position as Goldman’s chief lawyer to defend against an SEC suit

GAVYN DAVIES

Government: Former chairman of the BBC, 2001–2004

Goldman: Chief economist at Goldman, where he worked from 1986 to 2001

PAUL DIGHTON

Government: Chief executive of the London Operating Committee of the Olympic Games (LOCOG)

Goldman: Worked at Goldman for twenty-two years beginning in 1983

MARIO DRAGHI

Government: Governor of the Bank of Italy since January 2006; since 2011, President of the European Central Bank

Goldman: Vice chairman and managing director of Goldman Sachs International; member of the firmwide management committee, 2002–2005

WILLIAM DUDLEY

Government: President, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 2009 to present

Goldman: Partner and managing director; worked at Goldman from 1986 to 2007

STEVEN ELMENDORF

Government: Senior adviser to then–House minority leader Richard Gephardt

Goldman: Runs his own lobbying firm; Goldman is a client

DINA FARRELL

Government: Deputy director, National Economic Council, Obama administration, since January 2009

Goldman: Financial analyst at Goldman, 1987–1989

EDWARD C. FORST

Government: Adviser to Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson in 2008

Goldman: Former global head, investment management division at Goldman, where he worked from 1994 to 2008

RANDALL M. FORT

Government: Assistant secretary of state for intelligence and research, November 2006–January 2009

Goldman: Director of global security, 1996–2006

HENRY H. FOWLER

Government: Secretary of the Treasury, 1965–1968

Goldman: After leaving the Treasury Department, joined Goldman in New York as a partner

STEPHEN FRIEDMAN

Government: Chairman, President’s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board and of the Intelligence Oversight Board; chairman, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 2008–2009; former director of National Economic Council under George W. Bush; economic adviser to Bush, 2002–2004

Goldman: Joined Goldman in 1966; former cochairman; left in 1994; was board member until April 2013

GARY GENSLER

Government: Chairman of the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission since 2009; undersecretary of the Treasury, 1999–2001; assistant secretary of the Treasury, 1997–1999

Goldman: Former co-head of finance worldwide; worked at Goldman from 1979 to 1997

RICHARD GEPHARDT

Government: US Representative, 1977–2005

Goldman: President and CEO, Gephardt Government Affairs (since 2007); represents Goldman interests on issues related to TARP

JUDD GREGG

Government: Three-term New Hampshire senator; ranking Republican on the Appropriations, Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs Committee and on the Health Education Labor and Pensions Committee

Goldman: International adviser

LORD BRIAN GRIFFITHS

Government: Head of the prime minister’s policy unit, 1985–1990

Goldman: International adviser since 1991

THOMAS HEALEY

Government: Assistant Secretary of Treasury for Domestic Finance in Reagan administration

Goldman: Started at Goldman in 1985; founded the Pension Services Group in 1990

JIM HIMES

Government: Congressman from Connecticut (on Committee on Financial Services) since 2009

Goldman: Began working at Goldman in 1995, eventually promoted to vice president

ROBERT D. HORMATS

Government: Under secretary of state for economic, energy and agricultural affairs-designate since July 2009; assistant secretary of state for economic and business affairs, 1981–1982

Goldman: Vice chairman of Goldman Sachs International; worked at Goldman from 1982 to 2009

OTTMAR ISSING

Government: Bundesbank board member and ex-chief economist of the European Central Bank

Goldman: Senior adviser

CHRIS JAVENS

Government: Ex-tax policy adviser to Senator Chuck Grassley (R.-Iowa)

Goldman: Lobbies for Goldman

REUBEN JEFFERY III

Government: Under secretary of state for economic, business, and agricultural affairs, 2007–2009; chairman of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, 2005–2007

Goldman: Former head of the Goldman Paris office; worked at Goldman from 1983 to 2001

DAN JESTER

Government: Former Treasury adviser

Goldman: Former Goldman vice president and deputy chief financial officer

JAMES JOHNSON

Government: Selected to serve on Obama’s vice presidential section committee but stepped down

Goldman: On board of directors since May 1999

NEEL KASHKARI

Government: Interim head, Treasury’s Office of Financial Stability, October 2008–May 2009; assistant secretary for international economics (confirmed 2008); special assistant to Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson, 2006–2008

Goldman: Vice president, 2002–2006

LORI E. LAUDIEN

Government: Former counsel for the Senate Finance Committee, 1996–1997

Goldman: Lobbyist since 2005

ARTHUR LEVITT

Government: Chairman, SEC, 1993–2001

Goldman: Adviser, June 2009 to present

MARIO MONTI

Government: Prime minister of Italy

Goldman: International adviser, 2005 until his nomination to lead the Italian government; also worked closely with Goldman to reduce the apparent size of Italian government debt

PHILIP MURPHY

Government: US ambassador to Germany since 2009

Goldman: Former partner of Goldman, where he worked from 1983 to 2006

MICHAEL PAESE

Government: Top staffer to House Financial Services Committee Chairman Barney Frank

Goldman: Director of government affairs/lobbyist, 2009

MARK PATTERSON

Government: Treasury Department chief of staff since February 2009

Goldman: Lobbyist, 2003–2008

HENRY “HANK” PAULSON

Government: Secretary of the Treasury, March 2006–January 2009; White House Domestic Council, serving as staff assistant to the president, 1972–1973; staff assistant to the assistant secretary of defense at the Pentagon, 1970–1972

Goldman: Former CEO; worked at Goldman from 1974 to 2006

ROMANO PRODI

Government: Two-time prime minister of Italy

Goldman: From March 1990 to May 1993 and when not in public office, acted as a consultant to Goldman Sachs

RICHARD Y. ROBERTS

Government: Former SEC commissioner, 1990–1995

Goldman: Principal at RR&G LLC; retained by Goldman to lobby on TARP

JOHN F. W. ROGERS

Government: Served as undersecretary of state for management at the US Department of State, 1991–1993

Goldman: Executive vice president since April 2011; chief of staff and secretary to board of directors since November 2001; joined in 1994 in the fixed income division and served in various positions, 1994–2001

ROBERT RUBIN

Government: Treasury secretary, 1995–1999; chairman, National Economic Council, 1993–1995

Goldman: Former co-senior partner at Goldman, where he worked from 1966 to 1992

STEVE SHAFRAN

Government: Adviser to Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson

Goldman: Worked at Goldman from 1993 to 2000

SONAL SHAH

Government: Director, Office of Social Innovation and Civic Participation (April 2009); advisory board member, Obama-Biden Transition Project; variety of positions in the Treasury Department, 1995–2002

Goldman: Vice president, 2004–2007

FARYAR SHIRZAD

Government: Served on the staff of the National Security Council at the White House, March 2003–August 2006; assistant secretary for import administration at US Department of Commerce in the Bush administration

Goldman: Global head of government affairs (lobbyist) since 2006

GENE SPERLING

Government: Director of the National Economic Council in Obama administration

Goldman: Consultant to Goldman in 2008

ROBERT K. STEEL

Government: Under secretary for domestic finance, Treasury, 2006–2008

Goldman: Former vice chairman of Goldman, where he worked from 1976 to 2004

ADAM STORCH

Government: Managing Executive of the SEC’s enforcement division, October 2009 to present

Goldman: Former vice president at Goldman, where he worked from 2004 to 2009

MARTI THOMAS

Government: Assistant secretary in legal affairs and public policy, 2000; deputy assistant secretary for tax and budget, Treasury Department, 1998–1999; executive floor assistant to Richard Gephardt, 1989–1998

Goldman: Joined Goldman as federal legislative affairs leader, 2007–2009

MASSIMO TONONI

Government: Italian deputy Treasury chief, 2006–2008

Goldman: Former partner, 2004–2006

MALCOLM TURNBULL

Government: Member of the Australian House of Representatives since 2004

Goldman: Chairman and managing director, Goldman Sachs Australia, 1997–2001

SIDNEY WEINBERG

Government: Vice-Chair, War Production Board, during World War II

Goldman: Worked at Goldman from 1907 to 1969

JOHN WHITEHEAD

Government: Under secretary of state from 1985 to 1989; former Chairman of the Board of the Federal Reserve of New York

Goldman: Worked at Goldman from 1947 to 1984. Was co-senior partner with John L. Weinberg

KENDRICK WILSON

Government: Adviser to Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson

Goldman: Senior investment banker at Goldman, where he worked from 1998 to 2008

ROBERT ZOELLICK

Government: President, World Bank, since 2007

Goldman: Vice chairman, Goldman Sachs International; managing director and chairman, Board of International Advisors, 2006–2007

A reminder: I am not judging the involvement of these individuals—good or bad. This is merely to present a selected group as data.¹ A spokesman of Goldman stated: “We’re proud of our alumni, but frankly, when they work in the public sector, their presence is more of a negative than a positive for us in terms of winning business. There is no mileage for them in giving Goldman Sachs the corporate equivalent of most-favored-nation status.”²