Abolishing wars, 149

Adbuster magazine, 166

Administrators, 107, 109, 185, 200

Advertisement, See also Campaigns

Advertising agents, 14

Advertising campaigns, 56

Agriculture, 5, 6

climate for, 10

crop yields in north European societies, 12

history, 6

practices, 18, 19

reforms, 12

Air pollution, 1, 14

Alternative Banking Group of the Occupy Wall Street movement, 168

Aluminium mines

operating, survey of the global distribution of, 22

resources, 23

Animal food, 28

Animal husbandry, 11

Annual average solar radiation, on horizontal plane, 25

Anti-violence requirement, 182

Antivirus software, 148

Architecture, 133

Aristotle, 109

Arms reduction, 119

Athenian debates, 171

Athenian democracy, 109

Auditors, 191

Average income per capita, in Denmark, 83

Bacteria, 29

Bakunin, Mikhail, 106

Basic income, 158–161, 163

Basic income debate, 159

Basic income model, 161

Basic universal constitution, 178

background, 178

governance, 179–182

human obligations, 179

human rights, 179

Bicycles, 140

Biodiversity, 14, 28

Biofuels, 27

Biomass, 27

geographical distribution of net production, 28

production, 28

resources, 28

Bourgeoisie, 104

Bream, 12

Buildings

cooking ranges and appliances for, 137

cool and frost compartments, 138

Danish building code

alteration, 135

prescriptions for a new 200-m² floor area, 136

weakness, 134

Danish regulation

incorporating energy efficiency in, 134

energy labelling system, rated and labelled A–F, 137

energy use of, 132

heat loss through windows, 136

heat transfer, 134

insulate the shell, 133

materials, 37

used for, 134

one-family detached house, 135

proper design, 134

Business environment, 194

Buying and selling goods, 96

advertising, 98

certified life-cycle analysis, 98

current legislation, 97

database information, 98

end-of-life handling of products, 98

environmental issues, 97

goods categorised as, 96

guarantee periods, 99

improved resource and energy usage, 99

leasing or rental access to consumer product, 99

measures for improving the situation, 98

quality issues, 99

resource and energy perspective, 97

setup for trading, 96

Cabinet responsibility, 121, 173

Campaigns, 3

cleansing, 43

imperialistic, 152

political, 58, 167

Capital, 15

intangible capital, 15

natural capital, 15

produced capital, 15

Capital health, 81

Capitalism, 104, 105, 172

Capitalistic market economy, 33

Carbon, 20

Carbon dioxide, 20

Cattle, current distribution of, 30

Cereals, 12

Cheaper product, 2

Chinese ‘Cultural Revolution’, 104

Christianity, 154

Christian saints, 146

Chromium, 24

Church management, 146

Citizen initiative, 124

Civilisation, 19

Civil liberties, 18

Clemenceau, Georges, 106

Climate

change, 1, 57

favourable for agriculture, 10

Cloud’-based cyber-attack tools, 182

Colonisation, 182

Commerce, 3

Communism, 104

Community spirit, 183

Concessioned companies, 169

Conflicts, See also Wars

Constitutions formulation, 103–107

from ancient Greece to revolutionary France and liberal USA, 107–114

Danish case study, See Danish

direct vs. representative democracy, 120–125

levels of society, 117–120

rights and duties, 114–117

Constraint, 2

Constructed basic income national budget for Denmark, 162

Consumer goods, 16

Consumption growth, 17

Consumption sectors, 68

Continued education, 164–166, 201

Copper mines

buildings and construction sectors, 24

operating, survey of the global distribution of, 21

Copyrighted material, 31

Cost comparison, 2

Cropland, 16

fractions, 6

Crop rotation, 28

Crop yields, 12

Cultivating peace, 149

Cultural assets, 19, 31

sites designated as World Heritage sites by UNESCO, 32

Cultural changes, 10

Cultural obstacles, 148

Currency exchange, 167

Curricula, 146

Cyril of Alexandria, 146

Danish, 104

economy in market prices adjusted to 2010 price index

selected stock inventory, 79

stock inventory of some important produced assets in, 79

expenditures for building/maintaining human and social capital, 81

family, distribution of disposable income, 92

family incomes 2012, distribution of, 89–91

family incomes 2012, distribution without subtraction of income tax, 89

family wealth distribution in selected years, 94, 95

human assets, valuation of, 86

population, highest level of formal education reached by, 83

Death culture, 171

Decentralisation, 164, 164–166

Declaration of Human Rights by the United Nations, 18

Democracy, 3, 46, 109

based on human rights, 149

implementations, 47

for marginalising input from the public sphere, 123

Denmark, variations in life expectancy at birth in, 85

Depletable-mineral resources, 15

Depletable resources, 18

Depreciation, 14–17, 20

Desirable activities, measurement, 57–76

Developing country, 2

Diesel, 164

Direct solar radiation, 24

Drip-irrigation, 12

Durable materials, 38

Durable property, 58

Dwellings, 200

Econometrics, 13

Economy

demand-side, investments, 2

economic democracy, 121

growth, 55, 56

liberal market, 12

renewable energy system, 1

reverse-discounting, 13

rules, changes in, 171

Education, 18, 82, 102, 157, 165

assets, 81

of children, 146

constructing educational capital, 86

income by public subsidy, 82

income implications, 82

primary school, 82

stock value for assets, 85

student–teacher contact, 82

vocational, 82

Educational expenses, 81

Educational skills, 18

Educational systems, 2, 19, 145

Electrical energy, 26

Electricity, 24

Electricity prices, 164

Electric vehicles, 140

Electrolysis, 131

Electronic communication, 144

Electronic surveillance, 189

Employment, 146

Energy, 1

consumption, 132

crisis, 134

role in, 1

Energy efficiency, 131, 138

investment in, 131

Energy-efficient cars, 39

Energy resources, geological origin, 20

Energy stores, 142

Environmental concerns, 24

Environmental damage, 58

cost of, 39

Environmental degradation, 13

Environmental flow impacts, 60

Environmental protection, 81

Epidemic diseases, 12

European social democracies, 177

Externalities, 38–39

effect of market-driven price setting, 39

environmental and social costs, 38

total costs dominated by, 39

Extraction technology, 23

Facebook, 147, 148, 203

Fermentation techniques, 12

Finance sector, 168

Financial affairs, regulation, 170

Financial, and legal setup, 166, 203

classial role of banks, and other financial institutions as, 169

financial assets in the United States

expressed as fraction of the Gross Domestic product, 168

financial liabilities in the United States, 167

money-handling operations, 169

role for governments in regulating financial affairs, 170

Financial crisis, 34, 203

Financial institutions, 169, 173

Financial sector, 167

Financial transactions, 56

First oil crisis, 36

Fish farming, 5

geographical distributions

catch areas for selected fish species, 8, 9

use of aquaculture

offshore catch for, kelp and scallops, 10

for production of selected species, 11

hatched areas for cod, 8

Fish farms

management, 12

Fish resources, 6

Flow resource, 24–27

Food energy, 28

Food preservation, 28

Forest fractions, 7

Forestland, 6

Forests, 16

Fossil energy, 16

carbon, converted into, 20

systems, 1

Fossil fuels, 18, 23, 88, 131

decarbonising, 131

deposits, 20

Fossil reserves, 57

French revolution, 171

French ‘Socialist Party’, 106

Fukushima reactor, 132

Functional recycling of metals, at product end-of-life, 23

Gas-guzzler, 138

Gasoline, 138

GDP, See Gross domestic product (GDP)

Genocides, 177

Global constitution, 177

determination of the MDA, 190

Paragraphs 2.3 and 2.4, services for export, 190

Globalisation, 143, 164–166

Global warming, 14, 131

GNP, See Gross national product (GNP)

Gold mines

operating, survey of the global distribution of, 22

Governance, 3, 46–49

democracy, 46–49

implementations of, 46

party-based, 49

and unchallenged get away with influencing decisions, 49

election procedures, 47

government formation, 48

and political setup, 46–49

reducing political debates and deliberations, 48

Greek Zeus-based religion, 146

Green activity measures, reductions in, 68

Greenhouse gas emissions, 1, 16, 131

Greenhouse warming, 20, 144

Gross domestic product (GDP), 49

Gross national product (GNP), 49–50, 55, 58, 103, 199

activities, general categories, 59

conventional, 59

data used for calculating, 59

environmental sustainability, 58

as a goal in political campaigns, 58

growth indicator, 56

as a measure of welfare, 58

Growth, 2, 55

consumption, 15

in GNP, 55

indicator, 56

United Nation’s organisations, set goals for, 57

Happiness, 19

Health, 85

capital asset associated with healthy member society, 85

care, 18

Danish case study, See Danish

expenses for hospitals, 81

SVL-based component combine, 87

Health sector, 194

expenses, 86

Heat, 24

Holy Spirit, 146

Human activities, 2

Human capital assets, 81

Human diet, 12

Human lifestyles, 143

Human population, current distribution of, 31

Human rights, basic, 3, 40–46, 189

Article 21 about governance, 44

Article 27 cultural and scientifi c sides of activities, 45

Article 29.1 duties connected with, 46

Article 12 forbid interference with, 42

Article 16 freedom of marriage, 43

Article 26.3 minority to educate, 45

Article 26 right to education, 45

Articles 18 and 19 fundamental statements of the rights, 43

Articles 23 and 24 sets out the rights to work and leisure time, 44

Articles 29 and 30 sum up the perseverance of the rights formulated in, 46

Articles deal with rights of each citizen, 42

Article 25.1 starts spelling out the most fundamental rights of food and, 45

Article 20, stating that individuals may but cannot be forced to, 43

Article 22 sweeping plea for everyone’s right to be accorded secure economic/cultural conditions, 44

declaration states in 30 articles, 41

Human Rights Charter, 149

Human rights–human obligations link, 157

Hybrid cars, 138

HYDE model, 10

Hydro-derived energy, 18

Hydrogen, 131

Hydropower, 25

calculating capacity of, 26

potential hydropower estimated from runoff, 26

Hypatia, 146

Industrialisation, 100

Inequality, 88–95

disposable income, 93

funds bound in pension and life insurance schemes, 94

income distributions, 89

in income monitoring, 88

real estate financing institutions, 95

welfare economic paradigm, 89

Innovation, 193

Insulation, 133

Intellectual resources, 31

Interest rates, 13, 15, 17

negative long-term, 19

Intergenerational interest rate, 13

International organisations, 123, 177

Internet, 200, 203

Internet IP addresses, 187

Investment banks, 167

Iron mines, 21

operating, survey of global distribution of, 21

Iron products, 24

Irrigation, 12, 28

Islam, 154

Jaurès, Jean, 106

Jewellery, 24

Just-in-time manufacturing, 143

Kelp, 12

Knowledge, 2, 14, 19, 185

Land, 5

area, 6

forest fractions, 7

price, 6

urban fractions, 7

utility-based value, 5

value, 19

Legislation, 6, 192

Liberal market theory, 33

Life cycle analysis, 38–39

Life-cycle prices, 2

Life expectancy, 87

Lifestyle traits, 143

Lifestyle variation, 147

Liquidity, 13

Live matter, 28

Livestock, 12, 29

Loan offers, 169

Local constitution, possible paragraphs in, 201

selection of local government and administration, require local ties of the elected/hired persons, 201–202

Local governance, 200, 201

Management, of fish farms, 12

Manufacture, 142

Manure, 11, 28

Markets, 32

-driven price, 38

economy, liberal, 32–34

prices, 38

theory, based on assumptions, 33

Marxism, 104, 105

Marxist theory, 105

MDA, See Measure of desirable activities (MDA)

Meaningful activities, 101

Measure of desirable activities (MDA), 59, 199

evaluation, 59–61

maximizing, 192

translation into a measure of welfare, 60

Microelectronic chips, 37

Microelectronics industry, 37

Microelectronics silicon material, 37

Middle-Eastern oil prices, 36

Military–industrial complex, 155

Minerals

extraction, 24

cost of, 24

recovery, 21

recycling rates, 24

resources, 20, 23

depletable, 20

global amount, imbedded into, 23–24

recycling fractions, 23

selection of important resources, 21

Minimum wages, 105

Minorities, 148

treatment of, 147

Modern technology, 148

Monetary arrangement, 163

Monetary evaluation, of national activities, 59

Monetary values, 6

Money-handling operations, 169

Money transactions, 162

Mortgage, 167

Multicrystalline technologies, 37

Mutual tolerance, 147

Mythology, 5

National activity accounts of Denmark for 2011

development of the GNP/MDA of Denmark

with some important constituents, 76, 77

private sector, 69

production/service sector, 62

public sector, 73

Natural assets, 58, 88

Natural capital, 16

Natural Earth, 20

Natural resources, 15

Natural wealth, 17

Neighbour disputes, 147

Neo-liberal economic paradigm, 166

Neoliberalism, 33, 104

Neolithic transition, 5

New materials provision, 142

Non-violent resolution, 173

Normative impositions, role of, 146, 147

government’s initiative, 147

political organisations, violation of rights, 147

Nuclear fuels, 38

Nuclear power, 1

Nuclear weapons, 29

Nutrients, 10

and human health, 12

management, 12

requirement, 27

meat and vegetable components, 12

proteins components, 12

Oil stores, 36

Ombudsman, 170

‘Organic’ agriculture, 12

Organic polymer materials, 37

Organisation, changes in, 171

Ownership, 18

Pasture fractions, 7

Peaceful manifestations, 203

Penal code, 189

Personal income and taxation, of adult Danish population 2013, 161

Pesticides, 12, 19

Phones, 148

Photovoltaic, 131

Pig population, current distribution of, 30

Plant design, 142

Plant ecosystems, 27

Platinum mines

operating, survey of the global distribution of, 22

Police, 173

Political organisations, 147

Political power structures, 2

Political setup, 46–49

Pollution, 12, 27, 56, 131, 140

Population density, 143

Population size, and economic growth, 57

Poultry population, current distribution of, 30

Poverty assistance, 81

Poverty limit, 33

Power grid extensions, 164

Precipitation, 25

Price fluctuations, 193

Price, of land, 6

Price setting, 193

Prisons, 189

Private consumption sectors, 68

Private industry, 193

Private ownership, 58

Privatisation, 33, 35

of land, 183

Produced goods, 15

Project ExternE, 86

Property, 5, 13

ownership, 16

Property rights, 33, 103

Proprietary rights, 194

Public consumption sectors, 68

Public subsidy payments, 161

Public support, level of, 84

Punishing crime, 189

purposes, 189

Radiation, 10

Radical Party, 106

Radioactive waste, 16

Raw materials industries, 142

Reagan, Ronald, 172

Real interest rate, 17

Recycling efficiency, 143

Refugees, 148

Regional constitution, 194

economic setup in the region encourage free enterprise, 194–197

election of candidates for parliament and, 197

handling of any violation of this constitution according to, 198

Paragraph 2.1 protecting voters, 200

Paragraph 5.13 right to privacy in, 200

social services of the government, 197

Regions, 189

Regulation, 186, 192

Religion, 5, 149

Religious fundamentalism, 173

Renewable energy, 16, 24, 131

flow, 18

Renewable resources, 17, 18, 55

Rental agreements, 16

Rental arrangements

short-term, 20

Rental value, 58

Research and development (R&D), 35

Resolving conflicts, 149

Resource depletion, 58, 68

Road system, 139

Roman Catholic Christian church, 152

Roman elite, 146

Sagan, Carl, 29

Saints, 146

Salmon, 12

Satisfaction, 19

Scandinavian Welfare Economic Model, 50

Scandinavian welfare economies, 172

Scandinavian Welfare Programs, 173

Science, 19

Scottish industrialisation, 100

Seaweed, 12

Security Council, 120, 156, 177

Selfesteem, 34

Service jobs, 102

Services sector, 68, 138–142

Shellfish, 12

Silicon, 24

Silver, 24

Slavery, 5

‘Small’ animals, 29

Smith, Adam, 33, 103

Social coherence, 143

Social damage, 39

Social Democratic parties, 106

Social Democratic programs, 172

objectives objectives, 172

Social interest rates, 13

Socialism, 103

Socialist government, 164

Social organisation, 2

Social ‘repair’ expenses, 81

Social security, 183

Social services, 190

Social solidarity, 104

Societies, 6

democratic shaping, 145

inequality in, 33

and its chosen government, 169

major evils of, 158

spending money on R&D, 35

wealth of, 13

Software, 148

Solar cells, 24

industries, 37

Solar energy, 17, 20, 27

‘Solar-grade’ silicon material, 37

Solar power, 16

Solar radiation, 10, 37

Spartan debates, 171

Stakeholders, 123

Statistical value of a life (SVL), 87

Stock change, 68

Stocks of assets, kinds, 78

financial assets, 78

human assets, 78

natural assets, 78

produced assets, 78

Stringent legislation, high-energy efficiency, 200

Substitution hypothesis, 34–38

TheSun, 18

the Sun, 24

Supermarket, 144

Supreme Court, 122, 170

Tablets, 148

Taxation, 162, 192

Teacher education, 146

Thatcher, Margaret, 172

Thermal energy, 142

Tillage methods, 12

Timber, 27

Tolerance, 2, 147, 183

and multiple solutions, 102

towards any type of minority, 149

Top-end income, 104

Total solar cell price, 37

Trade, 3, 32

Traffic signs, 139

Transportation, 191

energy, 141

Transportation sector, 138–142

government concerns, 142

performance index, 138

taxation, 142

US preference for regulation, 142

Trickle-down effect, 33

Turbines, 25

Twitter, 203

UN Declaration of Human Rights, 146, 182, See also Basic universal constitution

anti-violence requirement, Paragraph 3.1, 182

freedom granted by Paragraph 2, right to privacy, 186

legal branch described in Paragraphs 4.9–4.12, 186

Paragraph 4.3 and the corresponding 4.6 and 4.11

comprehensive test of understanding the constitution and, 185

Paragraph 4.3, introduces the new element for voting, 184

Paragraph 4.8 introduces the possibility of direct democracy, 186

Paragraphs 4.13–4.15 deal with error and possible misconduct, 188

Paragraph 4.16 sets requirements for changing the constitution, 188

Paragraph 4.1 state, laws should be equally valid for, 184

requirement for parliament stated in Paragraph 4.4, 185

right to free mobility, Paragraph 2.3, 182

social security and illegality of discrimination

Paragraphs 1.1 and 2.1–2.4, 183

Unemployment, 18, 81

Unemployment compensation, 81

UNESCO World Heritage sites, location of, 32

UN Human Right Charter, Article 23, 56

Uniformity, 147

United Nation, emphasis on ‘right to work’ and to form ‘labour unions’, 183

Universal constitution, 178

Article 3.1, address attacks on humans, 182

protection of environment, Paragraph 3.2, 183

world citizens obliged to acquire skills, Paragraphs 3.3 and 3.4, 183

Urban fractions, 7

Urban mining, 24

Urban wast, 24

Utilitarianism, 121

Value of a statistical life (VSL), 86

valuation of, 87

Vegetable-based food, 28

Video conferences, 189

Video programs, 189

Violence, reducing, 157

Violent crimes, 157

Violent death, 149

VSL, See Value of a statistical life (VSL)

Wall Street movement, 166

War-like conflicts, 149

Wars, 149

Arab–China conflict, 152

Arab invasion of India, 152

average death by non-war interpersonal violence, 155

civil wars, 153

and related atrocities, 154, 155

estimated global death toll in wars, 151, 153

estimated world population development, 151

French–English fights in North America, 152

intensity, indicator of, 150

Japanese invasion of Korea, 152

Kingdom war in China, 152

military–industrial complex, 155

Neolithic revolution, agricultural, stratified societies, 153

religious wars, 153, 154

skull-based estimate of violent death, 152

Spanish invasion of South America, 152

territorial wars, 153

war in Korea, 152

weapons industry and increase in confrontations, 155

Waste products, 131

Water depth, 27

Wave-energy collecting device, cost of, 24

Wealth, 13

accumulated, 18

adding up wealth, 32

associated with nonrenewable mineral resources, 17

and concept of welfare, relationship, 14

country distribution of 2005, 16

associated with educational skills, 18

present value of future use, 17

value of produced stocks, 16

current scenario, 49–50

disparity, 104

distribution, household, 14

income distributions, 14

and inequality, 77

stock concept of, 14

Weapons, 156

Weber, Max, 123

Welfare, 2, 19

capital, World Bank study, 15

personal and social, 14

social and environmental impacts ‘externalities’, 14

‘Wild’ animals, 29

Wind energy, 17, 20, 24

annual average power production, from large wind turbines, 26

Wind power, 16, 131

Wind turbines, 26

Wood combustion, 27

Working hours, 101

Work vs. meaningful activities, 100–102

World Bank, 14

concept of assets, 78

World Trade Organization, 165

Yom Kippur War, 36