NOTES

Introduction

1 Kathleen Lessman, e-mail to author, January 17, 2013.

2 “About Foursquare,” Foursquare, accessed November 18, 2013, https://foursquare.com/about.

3 Google Trends, Google, accessed December 4, 2013, http://www.google.com/trends/explore#q=gamification

4 Nick Pelling, “The (Short) Prehistory of “Gamification,” Funding Startups (& Other Impossibilities) blog, August 9, 2011, accessed November 18, 2013, http://nanodome.wordpress.com/2011/08/09/the-short-prehistory-of-gamification/.

5 “SQUEEZED MIDDLE is named Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year 2011,” Oxford University Press via PR Newswire, November 22, 2011, accessed November 18, 2013, http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases-test/squeezed-middle-is-named-oxford-dictionaries-word-of-the-year-2011-134361588.html.

6 Jackie Fenn and Mark Raskino, “Understanding Gartner’s Hype Cycles,” Gartner, July 2, 2013, http://www.gartner.com/document/code/251964.

Chapter 1

1 Kevin Kruse, “Why Employee Engagement? (These 28 Research Studies Prove the Benefits),” Forbes, September 4, 2012, accessed November 18, 2013, http://www.forbes.com/sites/kevinkruse/2012/09/04/why-employee-engagement.

2 Nikki Blacksmith and Jim Harter, “Majority of American Workers Not Engaged in Their Jobs,” Gallup, October 28, 2011, accessed November 18, 2013, http://www.gallup.com/poll/150383/Majority-American-Workers-Not-Engaged-Jobs.aspx.

3 “New Research Reveals Why Strong Engagement Scores Can Spell Trouble for Organisations,” Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, May 23, 2012, accessed November 18, 2013, http://www.cipd.co.uk/pressoffice/press-releases/Strong-engagement-scores-can-spell-trouble-for-organisations-230512.aspx.

4 Dr. Jennifer Stinson, telephone interview with author, June 28, 2013.

5 Stuart Thom and Cory Eisentraut, telephone interview with author, June 26, 2013.

6 “Pain Squad Mobile App,” Cundari video, 2:35, accessed November 18, 2013, http://www.campaignpage.ca/sickkidsapp/.

7 Daniel Pink, Drive: The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us (New York: Riverhead Books, 2009) Kindle edition, Chapter: Introduction, loc. 183.

8 MasterCard, accessed December 4, 2013, http://www.mastercard.us/ads-and-offers.html

Chapter 2

1 Up in the Air, directed by Jason Reitman, 2009, Paramount Pictures.

2 Ian Bogost, “Gamification Is Bullshit,” The Atlantic, August 9, 2011, accessed November 18, 2013, http://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2011/08/gamification-is-bullshit/243338/.

3 Jesse Schell, 2013 D.I.C.E Summit, video 4:55, accessed November 19, 2013, http://www.dicesummit.org/video_gallery/video_gallery_2013.asp.

4 Backgrounder, Free The Children, page 2, accessed December 4, 2013, http://cdn6.freethechildren.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/FTC-PR-backgrounder-V4.pdf

5 Craig Kielburger, Telephone interview with author, October 31, 2013.

6 “Weight Watchers Announces Second Quarter 2013 Results and Revises Its Fiscal 2013 Guidance,” Weight Watchers, August 1, 2013, accessed November 19, 2013, http://www.weightwatchersinternational.com/phoenix.zhtml?c=130178&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1843897&highlight=.

7 Nicholas P. Hotchkin, “Weight Watchers International Management Discusses Q2 2013 Results—Earnings Call Transcript,” Seeking Alpha, accessed November 19, 2013, http://seekingalpha.com/article/1597092-weight-watchers-international-management-discusses-q2-2013-results-earnings-call-transcript?page=6.

Chapter 3

1 Geoffrey Bachelor Hill Jr., Facebook message to author, July 8, 2012.

2 “About Nike, Inc.,” Nike, accessed November 19, 2013, http://nikeinc.com/pages/about-nike-inc.

3 Stefan Olander, “Running Nike’s Digital Strategy,” WIRED Business Conference 2012, video 16:05, accessed November 19, 2013, http://fora.tv/2012/05/01/WIRED_Business_Conference_Testing_Your_Limits.

4 Sam Laird, “Nike+ Users Could Power 6,700 Houses Daily,” February 23, 2013, accessed November 19, 2013, http://mashable.com/2013/02/22/nike-fuelband-stats/.

5 Rod Morris, telephone interview with author, July 30, 2013.

6 “Company,” Opower, accessed November 19, 2013, http://www.opower.com/company.

7 Darren Jacoby and Spencer Reiss, “Vail Resorts Creates Epic Experiences with Customer Intelligence,” SAS Institute, accessed November 19, 2013, http://www.sas.com/reg/gen/corp/1908549-customer-analytics.

8 E.B. Boyd, “Baked In: Vail Resorts’ EpicMix Scores Customer Loyalty by Tracking Slope Skills,” Fast Company, April 21, 2011, accessed November 19, 2013. http://www.fastcompany.com/1748940/baked-vail-resorts-epicmix-scores-customer-loyalty-tracking-slope-skills

9 Kathleen Lessman, e-mail to author, January 17, 2013.

10 Brian Burke, “Migrating Customers to Online Services Using Gamification,” Gartner, March 1, 2013.

11 Kelly Liyakasa, “Game On: Gamification Strategies Motivate Customer and Employee Behaviors,” Destination CRM, May 2012, Accessed December 4, 2013, http://www.destinationcrm.com/Articles/Editorial/Magazine-Features/Game-On-Gamification-Strategies-Motivate-Customer-and-Employee-Behaviors-81866.aspx.

12 Sven Gerjets and Russell Bacon, telephone interview with author, November 18, 2013.

13 Imran Sayeed and Naureen Meraj, telephone interview with author, January 12, 2013.

14 Tom Austin, “Predicts 2013: Social and Collaboration Go Deeper and Wider,” Gartner, November 28, 2012, http://www.gartner.com/document/2254316.

15 Dr. John Kotter, “The 8-Step Process for Leading Change,” Kotter International, accessed November 19, 2013, http://www.kotterinternational.com/our-principles/changesteps.

16 Brian Burke, “Motivating Healthy Choices With Gamification,” Gartner, April 10, 2013.

17 “Daily Challenge”, MeYou Health, accessed December 4, 2013, http://meyouhealth.com/daily-challenge/.

18 “Friends/Find Friends/Facebook,” Nike+, accessed November 19, 2013, http://secure-nikeplus.nike.com/plus/friends/UserName/#facebook.

Chapter 4

1 Tanis, letter to Salman Khan, Khan Academy, December 15, 2012, accessed November 19, 2013, https://www.khanacademy.org/stories/tanis-december-15-2012.

2 “Fact Sheet,” Khan Academy, November 1, 2013, accessed November 19, 2013, https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/33330500/KAFactSheet.zip.

3 “About Badging,” Center for Educational Technologies, accessed November 19, 2013, http://badges.cet.edu/about.html.

4 “NASA Lunar Rover Geometry Badge,” Center for Educational Technologies, accessed November 19, 2013, http://badges.cet.edu/LunarRover/.

5 “Privacy & Security Training Games,” Health IT, accessed November 19, 2013, http://www.healthit.gov/providers-professionals/privacy-security-training-games.

6 “About,” Duolingo, accessed November 19, 2013, http://www.duolingo.com/info.

7 Wall Street Survivor, http://www.wallstreetsurvivor.com.

8 Imran Sayeed and Naureen Meraj, NTT Data telephone interview with author, October 17, 2013.

9 “Consumers Don’t Understand Health Insurance, Carnegie Mellon Research Shows,” Carnegie Mellon University, August 1, 2013, accessed November 19, 2013, http://www.cmu.edu/news/stories/archives/2013/august/aug1_understandinghealthinsurance.html.

10 “Health Insurance Marketplaces,” Capital Blue Cross, accessed November 19, 2013, https://capbluecross.healthcareu.com/en.

11 Clayton Nicholas, telephone interview with author, October 30, 2013.

12 “Case Study: Autodesk,” Badgeville, accessed November 19, 2013, http://badgeville.com/customer/case-study/autodesk.

Chapter 5

1 Brian Burke, “Case Study: Innovation Squared: The Department for Work and Pensions Turns Innovation Into a Game,” Gartner, November 23, 2010.

2 Duncan Mcgugan, e-mail to author, January 9, 2013.

3 “About,” Quirky, accessed November 16, 2013, http://www.quirky.com/about.

4 Paul Wilmore, interview with author, October 30, 2013.

Chapter 6

1 “About IDEO,” IDEO, accessed November 19, 2013, http://www.ideo.com/about/.

Chapter 8

1 Natasha Mohanty, “Shareable Google News Badges for Your Favorite Topics,” Google News Blog, July 14, 2011, accessed November 19, 2013, http://googlenewsblog.blogspot.com.es/2011/07/shareable-google-news-badges-for-your.html.

2 Yossi Matias, “More Spring Cleaning,” Google Official Blog, September 28, 2012, accessed November 19, 2013, http://googleblog.blogspot.com.es/2012/09/more-spring-cleaning.html.

3 “Welcome to the DARPA Robotics Challenge Website,” DARPA, accessed November 19, 2013, http://www.theroboticschallenge.org/.

4 Mihály Csíkszentmihályi, Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience (New York: Harper & Rowe, 1990).

5 Ethan Mollick and Nancy Rothbard, “Mandatory Fun: Gamification and the Impact of Games at Work” (Management Department, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, June 5, 2013), 32, http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2277103.

6 KoolAidGuy, “Why Digg’s Non-Hierarchical Editorial Control Does Not Work and How to Exploit It,” December 13, 2005, accessed November 19, 2013, http://koolaidguy.blogspot.com.es/.

7 Richard MacManus, “Gaming Digg: The KoolAidGuy Saga,” ZDNet, December 27, 2005, accessed November 19, 2013, http://www.zdnet.com/blog/web2explorer/gaming-digg-the-koolaidguy-saga/90.

Chapter 9

1 Field of Dreams, directed by Phil Alden Robinson, 1989, Universal Studios Entertainment.

Chapter 10

1 Janna Quitney Anderson and Lee Rainie, “Gamification: Experts Expect ‘Game Layers’ to Expand in the Future, with Positive and Negative Results,” Pew Research Center, May 18, 2012, accessed November 19, 2013, http://pewinternet.org/Reports/2012/Future-of-Gamification.aspx.

2 With kind permission from Springer Science+Business Media: Policy Sciences, “Dilemmas in a general theory of planning”, volume 4, issue 2, June 1973, page 155, Horst W. J. Rittel, Melvin M. Webber.

3 S H Kapadia, “M/S Pleasantime Products Etc. vs Commr. of Central Excise,” Supreme Court of India, November 12, 2009, accessed November 19, 2013, http://www.indiankanoon.org/doc/620872/.

4 “Harford County Leverages Spigit to Capture Cost-Saving Ideas,” Spigit, accessed November 19, 2013, http://www.spigit.com/media-center/case-studies/#prettyPhoto.

5 “City of San Francisco, Cost Savings and Revenue Generation,” Brightidea, accessed November 19, 2013, http://www.brightidea.com/customers-government.bix.

6 “What Are the Finns Up To?” Reimagining Democracy, August 21, 2013, accessed November 13, 2013, http://democracyoneday.com/2013/08/21/what-are-the-finns-up-to/.