Motors are amazing things; they come in all shapes and sizes. Primarily, they can be considered the backbone of most robots. However, nothing is perfect in this world. There must be some drawbacks to these motors as well. By now, you might have figured out some by yourself. In the previous chapter, when we made the car turn, you might have seen that the angle of turn was never really the same. Also when the vehicle was given the command to go straight, it really would not do so. Rather it would try to run slight, toward one side. 

Say hello to the first problem—precision. The motors are exceptionally simple to control, but the problem with these motors come when we have to rotate the motors only till a specific angle. If you need to rotate the motor of your robotic vehicle only by 90 degrees, then how would you do it? The first and foremost thing that might come to your mind would be to fiddle with the timings of the motors. You might be right here. But still, it would be impossible to make sure that it is exactly 90 degrees every single time. 

But when we talk about robots, accuracy of even 1 degree may not be enough. Roboticists these days are looking forward to accuracy within the magnitude of two decimal digits. So, the precision we are talking about is close to 0.01 degrees. What do you think now? How do we achieve this level of accuracy with motors?

The answers to all these questions will be answered in this chapter through the following topics:

• Servo motor
• Lists
• LIDAR