Contents
,1.1 Integral Equations for Dielectric Structures
1.2 A General Formulation for the Analysis of Composite Metallic and Dielectric Structures
1.4 MoM Modeling of the Structures
1.4.1 From the Physical Geometry of the Structure to a CEM Model
1.4.2 Right-Truncated Cones to Model Wire Structures
1.4.3 Bilinear Surfaces to Model Arbitrarily Shaped Surfaces
1.4.4 Wire-to-Surface Junction
1.5 Description of Higher Order Basis Functions
1.5.1 Current Expansion along a Thin PEC Wire
1.5.2 Current Expansion over a Bilinear Surface
1.6.1 Testing Procedure for Thin PEC Wires
1.6.2 Testing Procedure for Bilinear Surfaces
1.7 Modeling of the Excitations
1.8 Examples Illustrating the Requirements of the Geometrical Modeling
1.9 Examples Illustrating the Salient Features of the Higher Order Basis Functions
1.11 Performance of the PMCHW Formulation at Very Low Frequencies Using Higher Order Basis Functions for Dielectric Bodies
1.12 Evaluation of Antenna and Scatterer Characteristics
2.1 Matrix Equation Resulting from a MoM Code
2.2 In-core Matrix Equation Solver
2.3 Parallel Implementation of an In-core Solver
2.3.1 ScaLAPACK — Scalable Linear Algebra Package
2.3.2 ScaLAPACK: Two-dimensional, Block-Cyclic Matrix Distribution
2.4 Data Decomposition for an Out-of-core Solver
2.5 One-slab, Left-looking, Out-of-core LU Algorithm
2.6 Solving a Matrix Equation Using the Out-of-core LU Matrices
2.7 Parallel In-core and Out-of-core Matrix Filling Schemes
2.7.1 Parallel In-core Matrix Filling Scheme
2.7.2 Parallel Out-of-core Matrix Filling Scheme
Chapter 3 Getting Started and Working with HOBBIES Projects
3.2.1 Installing HOBBIES in Windows
3.2.3 Initial Graphics Configuration
3.4 Navigation through HOBBIES
3.5 Working with HOBBIES Projects
3.5.1 Introduction to HOBBIES Projects
3.5.2 Basic Operations of HOBBIES Projects
3.6 Flowchart for Making a HOBBIES Simulation
Chapter 4 Creating a Geometry Model in HOBBIES
4.1 Creating a Simple Model Using the Structure Menu
4.2 Creating an Arbitrarily Shaped Model Using the Geometry Menu
4.2.1.1 Placing Points in the Graphical Window
4.2.1.2 Entering Points by Coordinates
4.2.3.3 Geometry Creation using a Surface Mesh
4.2.3.4 Geometry Creation using Geometry from a Mesh
4.2.3.5 Geometry Creation using Geometry from Elements
4.3.8 Convert to NURBS Line/Surface
4.3.9 Simplify NURBS Line/Surface
4.3.15 Surface Boolean Operations
4.3.16 Volume Boolean Operations
Chapter 5 Meshing a Model in HOBBIES
5.13 Mesh Generation Example for Surfaces
5.14 Example of Mesh Generation for a Curve
5.15 Assigning Element Sizes for Generating the Mesh
5.15.1 Generating a Mesh using Default Options
Chapter 6 Setting up a HOBBIES Solution and Running a Simulation
6.4.1 Using the Domain List Window
6.4.2 Editing Domains Manually
6.10.1 Choosing the Accuracy of the Integrals Used in the Analysis
6.10.2 Choosing the Order of the Current Approximation
6.10.3 Choosing the Type of Matrix Inversion
6.10.4 Choosing the Number of Decimal Digits for Representing the Impedance Matrix
Chapter 7 HOBBIES Post-Processing for Visualizing the Results
7.1 Entering Post-Processing Window
7.2.1 Top Menu in Post-Processing Window
7.2.2 Toolbar in Post-Processing Window
7.2.3 Left Panel in Post-Processing Window
7.3 Example of Operations in Post-Processing
7.3.1 Viewing the Simulated Models
7.3.2 Viewing the Radiation or Scattering Patterns
7.3.2.1 2D Radiation or Scattering Patterns
7.3.2.2 3D Radiation or Scattering Patterns
7.3.2.3 2D Radiation or Scattering Patterns over a Frequency Band
7.3.3 Viewing the Y, Z, S Parameters
7.3.4.1 2D Near-Field Distribution
7.3.4.2 3D Near-Field Distribution
7.3.5 Viewing the Electric or Magnetic Current
7.4 Leaving Post-Processing Window
7.5 Limitation of Post-Processing Display in Academic Version of HOBBIES
Chapter 8 Solving Electromagnetic Field Problems Using HOBBIES
8.1.1.1 Linear Wire Scatterer Project: HOBBIES0111
8.1.1.2 Linear Dipole Radiator Project: HOBBIES0112
8.1.2.1 Cube Scatterer Project: HOBBIES0121
8.1.3 Composite Wire and Surface Structures
8.1.3.1 Biconical Antenna Project: HOBBIES0131
8.1.3.2 Bowtie Antenna Project: HOBBIES0132
8.1.3.3 Monopole Antenna Mounted on a Cube Project: HOBBIES0133
8.1.3.4 Nonconnected Plates and Wire Scattererer Project: HOBBIES0134
8.2 Composite Metallic and Dielectric Structures
8.2.1 Pure Dielectric Structures
8.2.1.1 Inhomogeneous Dielectric Cube Scatterer Project: HOBBIES0211
8.2.1.2 Multilayered Dielectric Cube Scatterer Project: HOBBIES0212
8.2.2 Combined Metallic and Dielectric Structures
8.2.2.1 Coated Surface Scatterer Project: HOBBIES0221
8.2.2.2 Scatterer Coated with a Lossy Dielectric Project: HOBBIES0222
8.2.2.3 Composite Prism-Shaped Scatterer Project: HOBBIES0223
8.2.2.4 Dipole Antenna Protruding from a Dielectric Cube Project: HOBBIES0224
8.2.2.5 Conducting Plate Protruding from a Dielectric Box Project: HOBBIES0225
8.3.1.1 Electrically Short Dipole Antenna Project: HOBBIES0311
8.3.1.2 Dipole Antenna Inside a Dielectric Radome Project: HOBBIES0312
8.3.1.3 Capacitively Loaded Dipole Antenna Project: HOBBIES0313
8.3.2.1 Parallel Configuration of Two Impedances Project: HOBBIES0321
8.3.2.2 Monopole Antenna over a PEC Plane Project: HOBBIES0322
8.3.2.3 Resistor Project: HOBBIES0323
8.4 Use of Symmetry in the Analysis of a Problem
8.4.1 Dipole Antenna (xOy Anti-Symmetry) Project: HOBBIES0410
8.4.2 Dipole Antenna (xOy Symmetry) Project: HOBBIES0420
8.4.3 Dipole Antenna with a Corner Reflector (yOz Anti-Symmetry, xOz Symmetry) Project: HOBBIES0430
8.4.4 Linear Antenna Array (xOz Symmetry) Project: HQBBIES0440
8.4.5 Linear Array Antenna (xOy Anti-symmetry) Project: HOBBIES0450
8.4.6 Corner Reflector (xOz Symmetry) Project: HOBBIES0460
8.4.7 Corner Reflector (xOz Anti-Symmetry) Project: HOBBIES0470
8.5 Antenna above a Real Ground
8.5.1 Influence of the Ground on the Radiation Pattern Project: HOBBIES0510
8.5.2 Influence of the Ground on the Current Distribution Project: HOBBIES0520
8.6 Use of Imaging for Generating an Accurate Solution
8.6.1 Analysis of a Microstrip Patch Array Project: HOBBIES0600
Chapter 9 Advanced Electromagnetic Modeling Using HOBBIES
9.1 Radiation Analysis of Complicated Antennas
9.1.1 Radiation from Slotted Arrays
9.1.1.1 Radiation from a 108-Slot Waveguide Antenna
9.1.1.2 Radiation from a Two-Dimensional Slot Antenna Array with 100 Slots
9.1.1.3 Radiation from a Large Elliptical Slot Antenna Array with 1712 Slots
9.1.2 Radiation from a L-Band Antenna with Complex Composite Structures
9.1.3 Radiation from a Microstrip Patch Phased Array
9.1.4 Radiation from a Helical Antenna Mounted on a Satellite
9.2 Radar Cross Section (RCS) Calculation of Complex Targets
9.2.1.3 RCS of a Truncated Cone
9.2.2 RCS of a Tank and a Squadron of Tanks
9.2.3 RCS of an Aircraft and a Formation of Aircrafts
9.2.4 RCS Simulation of an Aircraft using a Million Unknowns
9.2.5 RCS of a Ship and a Formation of Ships
Chapter 10 HOBBIES Optimizer and its Applications
10.1 Flowchart of the HOBBIES Optimizer
10.1.1 Flowchart for Setting Up the Optimizer
10.1.3 Flowchart of HOBBIES Optimization
10.2 Optimization Algorithms Used in the Optimizer
10.2.2 Simplex (Nelder-Mead) Method
10.2.3 Particle Swarm Optimization
10.3 Setting up the HOBBIES Optimizer
10.3.1 Creating a HOBBIES Project with Symbols
10.3.2 Selecting Optimization Methods
10.3.3 Specifying the Symbols to Be Optimized
10.3.4 Specifying the Criteria
10.3.4.4 Adding a List of Criteria
10.4.2 Optimization of a Horn Antenna
10.4.3 Optimization of Narrow-Wall Slotted Waveguide Arrays
Appendix A A Brief Summary of Some Commands Used in HOBBIES
A.1 Description of the Commands Used in HOBBIES
Appendix B A List of all Codes in the Accompanying CD
B.1 Listing of All Projects Used in the Tutorial
B.2 Listing of All Projects Used in the Examples