Index
Abed, Fazle Hasan, 23
Accion International, 12, 96, 143
ADESCO, 104
agriculture, 73–79
Ahorro Comunitario (CCR), 98–105
Ahouissoussi, Paul, 89
Aleman, Sonia, 105
Allen, Hugh, 83
Alvarenga, Ana Margarita, 103
Ambler, John, 139
animators
accountability of, 139–140
limits of, 90–91
replicating agents and, 49, 91–92
skills of, 84–85
teams and, 16, 20–21, 45–47, 88–92
Arora, Sukhwinder, 13
Aryal, Achyut Hari, 60
Asociacion de Desarollo Communal (ADESCO), 104
Asociacion de Servicios Comunitarios de Salud (ASECSA), 109–110, 112
Association for Community Development (ADESCO), 104
Association of Communities for Development in Chalatenango (CCR), 98–105
Association of Community Health Services (ASECSA), 109–110, 112
Ayala Meija, Blanca Miriam, 102
Bagayoga, Fatoumata, 93
Banking on SHGs (Tankha), 65
BARA (Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology), 119–127
passim, 133
bavois, marc, 84
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, 9, 119
BRAC, 23
Bunch, Roland, 138–139
Bureau of Applied Research in Anthropology (BARA), 119–127
passim, 133
The Business Solution to Poverty (Polak and Warwick), 144
cadenas, 12
CAEB (Conseil et Appui pour l’Education a la Base), 82, 89, 155
Village Savings and Loan Associations and, 25–26, 67–68, 71–72, 83, 87
Caritas, 98–99, 101, 103. See also Catholic Relief Services
Castro, Eleazar Timotea, 110
Catholic Relief Services (CRS), 9, 64–65, 83, 145–7. See also Caritas
CCR (Coordinadora de Comunidades para el Desarrollo de Chalatenango), 98–105, 157
Center for Gender and Refugee Studies (CGRS), 111
CGRS (Center for Gender and Refugee Studies), 111
chit funds, 12
Community Savings (Ahorro Comunitario), 98–105
CONDEMAV (Confederacion de Mujeres de Alta Verapaz), 113, 115
Confederacion de Mujeres de Alta Verapaz (CONDEMAV), 113, 115
Confederation of Women of Alta Verapaz (CONDEMAV), 113, 115
Conseil et Appui pour l’Education a la Base (CAEB), 82, 89, 155
Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere. See CARE
Coordinadora de Comunidades para el Desarrollo de Chalatenango (CCR), 98–105, 157
Coulibaly, Basenji, 92
Coulibaly, Marianne, 18
Coulibaly, Salimata, 19–21, 24
Counsel and Advice for Education for All (CAEB), 82, 89
Credit with Education, 83
CRS (Catholic Relief Services), 9, 64–65, 83, 145–7. See also Caritas
development
adult education and, 83–84
agriculture and, 138–140
gender and, 130–133
principles of, 4–5, 23–28, 136–140
savings group model of, 6–9, 141, 143–146, 148
standards for, 26–27
Village Savings and Loan Association model of, 67–68
water and, 136
Diakite, Bassa, 128
Diallo, Boubacar, 77
dikutis, 61
Edwards, Roanne, 128–130
El Salvador
agriculture in, 98–99
inequality in, 96–97
organizing in, 97–101
politics of, 105–107
promotoras, 101–103
empowerment
development and, 11
participation and, 84, 88, 90–91
savings groups and, 95, 107, 109–117, 137
women and, 52–55, 58, 109, 126, 132–135 (see also women)
equibs, 12
financial institutions, 2, 8, 16, 59, 69. See also microfinance institutions
Freedom from Hunger
cost reductions by, 147–148
expertise of, 82–83
program assessment, 17, 119, 145–146
savings group curriculum, 83–84, 91
Garzon, Elena, 113
gender equality, 74–76, 109–116, 127, 130–133. See also women
Guardado, Carmen Fabian, 99–101, 106
Guatemala
inequality in, 107–109
savings groups in, 113–116, 146
war in, 107–108
women’s rights, 109–116
Hamadziripi, Alfred, 25, 68, 71
Hernandez, Catalina, 115
human traffickers, 55
IEPADES (Instituto de Ensenanza para el Desarrollo Sostenible), 110
inequality, 74, 96–97, 107–109, 132
Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA), 119–120, 122, 125–127, 133
Instituto de Ensenanza para el Desarrollo Sostenible (IEPADES), 110
Inter-American Development Bank, 9
Lappé, Frances Moore, 9
loans
microfinance, 10, 13, 54, 58, 61–62, 89
savings groups, 2–4, 6–8, 10, 12
self-help groups and, 65–67
Village Savings and Loan Associations, 68–70
Mali
Maravilla, Milagro, 99, 101–102
MasterCard Foundation, 9
Mata Masu Dubara, 77
Mayoux, Linda, 62
Mazariegos, Angelica, 109–110
merry-go-rounds, 12
MFIs. See microfinance institutions
Microcredit Summit, 65
microfinance
institutions (MFIs), 12, 54, 58–62, 82, 89, 119
savings groups and, 2–3, 10–15, 44, 86
self-help groups and, 64–65, 67
USAID and, 61
Woman’s Empowerment Groups and, 53, 58–63
Mugabe, Robert, 68
Musalo, Karen, 111
NABARD (National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development), 65
National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), 65
Nepal
NGOs in, 61
savings groups in, 13, 90, 145–146
Women’s Empowerment Groups in, 13, 52–62
passim
NGOs. See non-governmental organizations
non-governmental organizations (NGOs)
development and, 7
Freedom from Hunger as, 82
microfinance and, 10
Saving for Change and, 14–16, 18–21, 60, 86, 89, 100, 119, 129
savings groups and, 26–27, 52, 56–58, 61, 63, 84
self-help groups and, 65–67
Odell, Mac, 59
Odell, Marcia, 1, 13, 51, 53–55, 60–62, 72, 87
Ortega, Esperanza, 99
Oxfam
in Guatemala, 108, 110, 112–113
local NGOs and, 81–82
program assessment, 145–146
program funding, 81–83, 118–119
Saving for Change and, 11, 14, 17, 57–58
shifting power to villages, 89
Village Savings and Loan Associations and, 67, 72
Parmeshwar, Vinod, 66, 83–89, 151
Parrott, Lisa, 52
participation, 84, 88, 90–91. See also empowerment
partners, 12
Plan International, 9, 15, 147
Polak, Paul, 144
The Poor and Their Money (Rutherford and Arora), 13
Portfolios of the Poor, 79
poverty. See inequality promotoras, 99, 101–103
Ramirez, Cecilia, 99–100
record keeping, 4, 20, 59, 80, 85–90, 148
replication, 21, 57, 90–94, 125, 128
Rigoberta Menchu Foundation, 113
ROSCAs (Rotating Savings and Credit Associations), 12, 24, 61, 69, 78, 97, 141, 146
Rotating Savings and Credit Associations (ROSCAs), 12, 24, 61, 69, 78, 97, 141, 146
Samake, Kanimba, 86
Saving for Change
agriculture and, 121–125, 138–141
benefits of, 127–133
in El Salvador, 96–107 passim
in Guatemala, 107–116 passim
innovation and, 137–141
local partners and, 81–85
political organizing, 106–116 passim
purpose of, 14–15
staff ratio, 15–16
savings groups, 3–5, 23–28, 135–140, 145–146. See also Saving for Change
Self-Help Group-Bank Linkages, 65–66
self-help groups (SHGs), 64–67
Shin, Jong-Hyon, 147
Sogoba, Soumaila, 89
Stromme Foundation, 17–18, 73, 77, 82–83
Susus, 146
tandas, 12
Tankha, Ajay, 65
Teaching Institute for Sustainable Development (IEPADES), 110
tontines, 3, 12, 24, 76–79, 81, 95
transparency, 24, 44, 84, 86, 90–91. See also record keeping
Traore, Fatoumata, 21, 85, 88–89, 130–131, 130
USAID (US Agency for International Development), 51, 61, 62
Village Savings and Loan Associations (VSLAs), 25, 67–72, 83, 87
VSL Associates, 83
VSLAs (Village Savings and Loan Associations), 25, 67–72, 83, 87
Warwick, Mal, 144
WEPs. See Women’s Empowerment Programs
White, Sarah, 84
Wilson, Kim, 63–64
women
in El Salvador, 96–107 passim
empowerment and, 20, 52–55, 58, 109, 126, 132–135
gender equality, 74–76, 109–116, 127, 130–133
in Guatemala, 109–13
in India, 60–67 passim
in Nepal, 52–62 passim
violence against, 96, 98, 111–113, 115, 121
Women’s Empowerment Programs (WEPs)
as financial institutions, 53–54, 58–60
in India, 63–65
in Nepal, 13, 51–53, 60–63, 87
Pact and, 51, 83. See also Pact
social benefits of, 55–57
zadrugas, 12
ZALA (Zimbabwe Adult Learner’s Association), 72
Zimbabwe Adult Learner’s Association (ZALA), 72