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by Michel Biron
Industrial Applications of Renewable Plastics
Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Series Page
Copyright
Disclaimer
Preface
Acronyms and Abbreviations
1. Outline of the Actual Situation of Plastics Compared to Conventional Materials
1.1. Polymers: The Industrial and Economic Reality Compared to Traditional Materials
1.2. What Are Thermoplastics, Thermoplastic Elastomer, Thermosets, Composites, and Hybrids?
1.3. Plastics: An Answer to the Designer’s Main Problems
1.4. Outline of the Technical and Economic Possibilities of Processing
1.5. The Final Material/Process/Cost Compromise
1.6. Useful Source Examples for Initiation of In-Depth Studies
Further Reading
2. Genesis of Renewable Plastics and Integration in the Plastics Stream
2.1. Inescapable Strengthening of Environmental Concerns
2.2. Development of Bioplastics From Renewable Sources
2.3. Pros and Cons of Renewable and Oil-Sourced Plastics
2.4. Brief Remarks on Processing and Recycling of Renewable Plastics
2.5. Pay Close Attention to Carbon Biobased Content, Testing and Certification
2.6. List of Commercial Offer Examples
2.7. Examples of Useful Sources for Initiation of In-Depth Studies
Further Reading
3. Recycling: The First Source of Renewable Plastics
3.1. Outline
3.2. Recycling Methods
3.3. Sectorial Routes for Recycling
3.4. CO2 Emission, Greenhouse Effect, and Carbon Footprint
3.5. Recyclate Property Examples
3.6. Recycled Materials Often Bring Also Cost and Pollution Savings
3.7. Some Limitations to Recycled Material Use
Further Reading
4. Renewable Plastics Derived From Natural Polymers
4.1. Brief Inventory of Renewable Polymers
4.2. Ready-to-Use Thermoplastic Blends and Derivatives of Starch
4.3. Polylactic Acid
4.4. Cellulose Derivatives
4.5. Various Aliphatic Polyesters
4.6. Liquid Wood Based on Lignin—Arboform by Tecnaro
4.7. Self-Reinforced Composite Produced From Cereals: VEGEMAT® by Vegeplast
Further Reading
Websites
5. Biobricks: The Breakthrough of Drop-In Solutions
5.1. A Broad Panel of Biomonomers and Bioblocks “Similar” to Fossil Molecules
5.2. Brief Inventory of Renewable Polymers
5.3. Polyethylene
5.4. Renewable Thermoplastic Polyesters: Polyethylene Terephthalate, Polybutylene Terephthalate, Polyethylene Furanoate
5.5. Renewable Polyamides
5.6. Renewable Polyurethanes
5.7. Renewable Unsaturated Polyesters
5.8. Renewable Acrylics
5.9. Renewable Phenol Formaldehyde Resins
5.10. Renewable Epoxy Resins
5.11. Renewable Polycarbonate
5.12. Renewable Polypropylene: A Promising Way
5.13. Renewable Polyvinyl Chloride
5.14. Thermosetting Cyanate Ester Resins
5.15. Thermosetting Furan Resins
5.16. Drying Vegetable Oils
Further Reading
6. Renewable Alloys, Compounds, Composites, and Additives
6.1. Miscellaneous Proprietary Alloys and Compounds Primarily Based on Renewable Polymers
6.2. Hybrid Solutions: Proprietary Alloys and Compounds Based on Renewable and Fossil Polymers
6.3. Natural Fibers for Renewable Reinforcements
6.4. Renewable Composites Combining Natural Fibers and Renewable Matrices
6.5. Hybrid Composites Combining Renewable and Fossil Materials
6.6. Renewable Plasticizers
6.7. Other Additives From Renewable Resources
Further Reading
7. Environmental Impact of Renewable Plastics: Pros and Cons, Indicators
7.1. Pros and Cons Overview
7.2. Overview of Some Tools Related to Sustainability: Environmental Indicators and Benchmarks
7.3. Comparison of Environmental Impact of Renewable and Fossil Polymer Production
7.4. Environmental Impact of Fibers
7.5. Environmental Impact of Processing
7.6. Environmental Impact of End Product Type
7.7. Environmental Impact of Disposal
Further Reading
8. Application Examples
8.1. Packaging
8.2. Automotive and Transportation
8.3. Building and Construction: The Major Sector for Wood Plastic Composite
8.4. Application Examples Concerning Agriculture, Horticulture, Gardening
8.5. Application Examples Concerning Consumer Goods
8.6. Other Application Examples
8.7. Examples of Solutions Getting Closer to Closed Loops and Circular Economy
Further Reading
9. Renewable Plastics and Ingredients: Economic Overview
9.1. Renewable Plastics Consumption and Capacity Forecasts
9.2. Bioadditives Consumption
9.3. Wood Plastic Composite and Natural Fiber Composite Market
9.4. Biomaterial Costs
9.5. Bioplastics Applications: Survey of Six Top Markets
Further Reading
10. Future Prospects
10.1. Price Expectations
10.2. Strengthening of Laws and Regulations: Repressive, Dissuasive, or Incentive Effect
10.3. Improvement of Recycling
10.4. Diversification of Renewable Plastic Resources
10.5. The Recent Past and Immediate Future Seen Through Patents
10.6. The Recent Past and Immediate Future Seen Through Funded Research
10.7. The Immediate Future Seen Through Recent Awards
Further Reading
Conclusion
Glossary
Index
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