There are a number of text conventions used throughout this book.

CodeInText: Indicates code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles. Here is an example: "The PUT request is used to create or update an entity on a server, using a URI."

A block of code is set as follows:

class GarmentFactory { 
    void createShirts() { 
        Shirt redShirtS = new Shirt(Size.SMALL, Color.red); 

When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines or items are set in bold:

abstract record JVMLanguage(String name, int year); 
record Conference(String name, String venue, DateTime when); 

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

  java -Xshare:dump   

Bold: Indicates a new term, an important word, or words that you see on screen. For example, words in menus or dialog boxes appear in the text like this. Here is an example: "As you will notice, the Lock Instances option displays an exclamation mark right next to it."