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by Microsoft OCS Team, Stephanie Lindsey, Rick Kingslan, Mitch Tulloch, Kintan Brah
Microsoft® Office Communications Server 2007 Resource Kit
Microsoft Office Communications Server 2007 Resource Kit
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Personal Acknowledgments from Individual Authors
Personal Acknowledgments from Individual Authors
Introduction
What's New in Office Communications Server 2007
Overview of the Book
Document Conventions
Reader Aids
Sidebars
Command-line Examples
Companion CD
Resource Kit Support Policy
I. Overview and Architecture
1. Overview of Office Communications Server 2007
The Evolution of Office Communications Server 2007
Understanding the Enhanced Presence Model
Overview of IM Conferencing Capabilities
Overview of Web Conferencing Capabilities
Overview of Audio/Video Conferencing Capabilities
Overview of Enterprise Voice Capabilities
Overview of Office Communications Server Clients
Customizing the Platform
Microsoft Unified Communications AJAX SDK
Microsoft Unified Communications Managed API SDK
Microsoft Unified Communications Client API SDK
Microsoft Office Communicator 2007 SDK
Microsoft Office Communications Server 2007 SDK
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
2. Server Roles
Standard Edition Server
Enterprise Edition Pool
Director Role
Conferencing Servers
IM Conferencing Server
Web Conferencing Server
A/V Conferencing Server
Telephony Conferencing Server
Archiving and CDR Server
Edge Servers
Access Edge Server
Web Conferencing Edge Server
A/V Edge Server
Communicator Web Access
Web Components Server
Mediation Server
Supported Collocation Server Roles
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
3. Infrastructure and Security Considerations
Understanding How Office Communications Server Leverages Active Directory
Performing the Prep Schema Step
Performing the Prep Forest Step
Performing the Prep Domain Step
Using DNS to Publish Office Communications Server
Securing Office Communications Server with PKI
Configuring the Common Name or Subject Name
Configuring the Subject Alternative Name
Configuring the CRL Distribution Points
Configuring for Enhanced Key Usage
Server Authentication
Client Authentication
Configuring the Certification Path
Scaling with SQL Server
Building Redundancy with Hardware Load Balancing
Bridging VoIP to the PSTN Network by Using a Media Gateway
Publishing Web Interfaces to the Internet by Using HTTPS Reverse Proxy
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
II. Key Usage Scenarios
4. Basic IM and Presence Scenarios
Understanding the Login Process
Why Talk About the Login Process?
Overview of the Login Process
Step 1: Signing In to an Account
Step 2: Supplying Account Credentials (If Prompted)
Step 3: The Login Process
Step 4: Login Complete
Examining the Technical Details Behind the Login Process
Examining What Happens During the Initial Launch of Communicator 2007 (Pre-Step 1)
Examining What Happens After Sign-In Starts (Post Step 1)
Examining What Happens During Login Processing (Step 3)
Understanding Post-Login Processing (Post-Step 4)
Understanding How Presence Information Is Shared
What Is Presence?
Overview of the Presence Sharing Scenario
Step 1: Looking Up a Contact
Step 2: Adding a Contact
Step 3: Receiving an Offline Indication
Step 4: Logging In the Contact and Receiving Updated Presence Information
Step 5: Controlling the Access Level of a Contact
Examining the Technical Details Behind the Presence Sharing Scenario
Examining What Happens During Looking Up a Contact (Step 1)
Examining What Happens When Adding a Contact (Step 2)
Examining What Happens When Subscribing for Presence and Receiving an Offline Notification (Step 3)
Examining What Happens When the Contact Logs In and Updated Presence Is Received (Step 4)
Examining What Happens When Controlling the Access Level of a Contact (Step 5)
Understanding Instant Messaging
Overview of the Instant Messaging Scenario
Step 1: Opening a Messaging Window
Step 2: Typing and Sending a Message
Step 3: Receiving the Message
Step 4: Sending a Hyperlink
Step 5: Sending a File
Step 6: Sharing Video
Step 7: Ending the Conversation
Examining the Technical Details Behind the Instant Messaging Scenario
Examining What Happens During Session Establishment and Sending a Message (Post Step 2)
Examining What Happens When Receiving a Message (Step 3)
Examining What Happens When Sending a Hyperlink (Step 4)
Examining What Happens When Sending a File (Step 5)
Examining What Happens When Sharing Video (Step 6)
Examining What Happens When Ending the Conversation (Step 7)
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
5. Conferencing Scenarios
Overview of Conferencing Scenarios
Understanding Conferencing User Types
Understanding Authenticated Enterprise Users
Understanding Federated Users
Understanding Anonymous Users
Understanding Conferencing User Roles
Understanding Conference Security and Access Types
Understanding the Open Authenticated Conference
Understanding the Closed Authenticated Conference
Understanding the Anonymous Allowed Conference
Understanding Conferencing Media Types
Understanding Multiparty Instant Messaging
Understanding Data Collaboration
Understanding Audio and Video Conferencing
Understanding Audio Conferencing Provider Support
Examining the Technical Details Behind Conferencing Scenarios
Understanding the Conferencing Architecture
Understanding Conferencing Clients
Understanding the Conferencing Database
Understanding Focus
Understanding the Focus Factory
Understanding Conferencing Servers and the Conferencing Server Factory
Understanding Web Components
Understanding Process and Machine Boundaries for Conferencing Components
Understanding Edge Servers
Understanding the Conferencing Protocols
Understanding the Conference Life Cycle
Understanding Conference Creation
Understanding Conference Activation
Understanding Conference Deactivation
Understanding Conference Expiration
Examining the Technical Details Behind Web Conferencing
Understanding the Client Conference Joining Sequence
Understanding the Client Join Sequence to the Web Conferencing Server
Understanding Conference Control
Understanding Web Conferencing Server Content Management
Understanding Web Conferencing Server Content Upload and Download
Understanding Meeting Compliance
Understanding Web Conferencing Content Tools
Understanding Meeting Policy and Policy Enforcement
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
6. Remote Access Scenarios
Understanding Basic Remote Access Topologies
Single Edge Server
Single-Site Edge Topology
Multisite Edge Topology
Understanding Basic Remote Access Scenarios
Understanding Basic Remote Access for IM and Presence
Examining the Basic Remote Access Scenario in Detail
Understanding Web Conferencing Remote Access
Use Office Communicator to Start a Conference (Step 1)
Accept and Join a Web Conferencing Invitation (Step 2)
Begin Sharing an Application (Step 3)
Examining the Web Conferencing Remote Access Scenario in Detail
Understanding Audio and Video Conferencing Remote Access
Understanding Extended Remote Access Scenarios
Enabling Office Communicator Web Access 2007
Enabling Office Communicator Mobile Access 2007
Examining a COMO Topology
Deploying Certificates for COMO
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
7. Federation Scenario
Understanding Federation
Understanding Direct Federation
Understanding Federated Partner Discovery
Understanding Federation with Public IM Providers
Understanding the Requirements for and Use of Certificates in Federation
Understanding Subject Alternate Name
Understanding TLS Certificates
Comparing Consolidated Topology to Expanded Topology
Understanding On-Premises Conferencing Rules for Federated and Nonfederated Users
Configuring and Administering Federation
Configuring an Edge Server for Federation
Configuring User Accounts for Federation
Administering Federated Partner Access
Managing Multiple User Accounts
Blocking External Domains
Examining the Technical Details Behind the Federation Scenario
Examining How Clients from Two Federated Domains Get Online and Register Presence
Step 1—REGISTER sip:contoso.com SIP/2.0
Step 3—SUBSCRIBE sip:
[email protected]
SIP/2.0
Step 5—SERVICE sip:
[email protected]
SIP/2.0
Examining Communication from One Federated Enterprise to Another
Step 1—SUBSCRIBE sip:
[email protected]
SIP/2.0
Step 2—BENOTIFY and OK/200
Step 8—INVITE sip:
[email protected]
SIP/2.0
Step 12—INFO sip:
[email protected]
;opaque=user:epid:rcCqh5A6AVmnmbRnI5LzvwAA;gruu SIP/2.0
Step 13—MESSAGE sip:
[email protected]
;opaque=user:epid:IAnGIHUus1qSUt8ED60SDgAA;gruu SIP/2.0
Step 19—sip:
[email protected]
;opaque=user:epid:IAnGIHUus1qSUt8ED60SDgAA;gruu SIP/2.0
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
8. Public IM Connectivity Scenario
Why Talk About the Public IM Connectivity Scenario?
Overview of the Public IM Connectivity Scenario
Considerations for Deploying the Public IM Connectivity Scenario
Enabling Federation with Public IM Service Providers
Provisioning Federation with a Public IM Service Provider
Configuring IM Service Providers
Considerations Involving Public IM Providers
Considerations Involving Existing Accounts on Provider Networks
How the Provider Migrates Existing MSN Accounts
Capacity Planning Considerations
Security Considerations
Controlling Spim by Limiting Public Contacts
Controlling SPIM by Limiting Message Content
Considerations Involving Media Sharing
Enabling Users for Public IM Connectivity
Configuring Per-User and Global Settings
Examining the Technical Details Behind the Public IM Connectivity Scenario
Scenario One: Adding a Contact in Office Communicator 2007
Step 1: Specify Recipient's Account
Step 2: Recipient's Presence Displayed as Unknown
Step 3: Recipient's Account Added as a Contact
Step 4: Recipient's Presence Displayed as Offline
Step 5: Recipient Receives Notification
Step 6: Recipient Adds a User to Buddy List
Step 7: Recipient's Presence Displayed as Online
Scenario Two: Sending a Single Message
Step 1: User Selects a Recipient from the Buddy List in Office Communicator
Step 2: User Types a Message to a Recipient
Step 3: Recipient Receives a Message from a User
Step 4: Recipient Types a Reply to the User
Step 5: User Receives a Message from the Recipient
Step 6: Conversation Finished
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
9. Understanding Remote Call Control Scenario
Why Consider Remote Call Control?
Overview of Remote Call Control Scenario
Technical Details Behind the Remote Call Control Scenario
Setting Up the Remote Call Control Scenario
Installing the CSTA Gateway and Configuring the SIP/CSTA Interface on the PBX or IP PBX
Configuring a User for RCC
Configuring a Route on the Office Communications Server Pool for Server URI
Starting Communicator 2007
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
10. VoIP Scenarios
What Is VoIP?
Overview of VoIP Scenarios
Using Two-Party Calling
Configuring Call Deflection
Configuring Call Forwarding
Using Voice Mail
Using Ad Hoc Conference Calling
Examining the Technical Details Behind VoIP Scenarios
Understanding How Outbound Calls Are Routed
Understanding Voice Policies
Understanding Phone Usage
Understanding Phone Routes
Understanding How Inbound Calls Are Routed
Understanding Normalization
Configuring Global Enterprise Voice Settings
Configuring Voice Policies
Configuring Phone Routes
Configuring Location Profiles
Configuring VoIP
Configuring Users for Unified Communications
Configuring the Media Gateway
Configuring the Mediation Server
Configuring the QoE Monitoring Server
Configuring the Deployment Validation Tool Server
Configuring the DVT Organizer
Configuring the DVT Agent
Managing DVT by Using the Administrative Console
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
III. Planning and Deployment
11. Office Communications Server 2007 Planning Example
Understanding Contoso's Infrastructure
Understanding Contoso's User Distribution
Understanding Contoso's Server Infrastructure
Understanding Contoso's Active Directory Infrastructure
Understanding Contoso's Network Infrastructure
Understanding Contoso's Telephone Infrastructure
Defining the Deployment Goals
Defining the Scenario Selection
Defining the Reliability Requirements
Defining the Compliance Requirements
Understanding Contoso's Office Communications Server 2007 Planning Process
Step 1: Determining Key Planning Decisions
Step 2: Select Your Topology
Step 3: Plan Your Deployment Path
Step 4: Prepare Your Infrastructure
Step 5: Review System and Network Requirements
Step 6: Plan for External User Access
Step 7: Plan for Deploying Load Balancers
Step 8: Plan for VoIP
Step 9: Plan for Address Book Server
Step 10: Plan for High Availability and Fault Tolerance
Step 11: Plan for Database Storage
Step 12: Plan for Compliance and Usage Analysis
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
12. Office Communications Server 2007 Deployment Example
Understanding Contoso's Deployment Process for Office Communications Server 2007
Establishing a Server Naming Convention
Preparing the Server Hardware
Contoso's Deployment Path
Preparing Active Directory
Overview of Preparing Firewall Ports, Certificates, NICs, and DNS
Preparing DNS, Firewall Ports, and Certificates for Chicago Deployment
Preparing DNS and Firewall Ports for the Paris Deployment
Preparing DNS and Firewall Ports for the Madrid Deployment
Preparing DNS and Firewall Ports for the Singapore Deployment
Contoso's Deployment Path for Chicago
Contoso's Deployment Path for Paris
Contoso's Deployment Path for Madrid
Contoso's Deployment Path for Singapore
Final Contoso Architecture
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
IV. Operations
13. Monitoring
Monitoring Office Communications Server by Using the Admins Tools
Monitoring Overall Status by Using the Status Pane
Monitoring Events by Using the Event Log Tab
Using Event Log Filters
Understanding Event Categories
Understanding Event Types
Monitoring Performance by Using the Performance Tab
Using the Performance Monitor
Monitoring Office Communications Server 2007 by Using Microsoft Operations Manager 2005
Using Computer Groups
Using Events and Performance Counters
Using Alerts
Using Tasks
Monitoring Office Communications Server Usage by Using Call Detail Records
Prerequisites for Deploying the Archiving and CDR Service
Deploying the Archiving and CDR Service
Monitoring Usage
Reporting Usage Data
Database Schema for the Archiving and CDR Database
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
14. Backup and Restore
Planning for Backup and Restore
Backup and Restore Requirements
Determining What Needs to Be Backed Up
Backing Up Settings
Backing Up Pool and Global Settings
Backing Up Server Settings
Backing Up Data
Backing Up Databases
Backing Up File Shares
Restoring Service
Deciding How to Restore Service
Verifying Restoration Prerequisites
Setting Up Server Platforms
Preparing to Use the Hardware and Software of an Existing Server for Database Recovery
Recovering an Existing Server
Reinstalling an Existing Server
Rebuilding a Server on New Hardware
Building Standby Servers
Installing Restoration Tools
Restoring Data
Restoring Databases
Restoring File Shares
Restoring Settings in Standard Edition Server Environments
Step 1: Prepare for Restoration of Settings
Step 2: Restore Settings
Step 3: Start Services
Step 4: Validate Services
Next Steps
Restoring Settings in Enterprise Pool Configurations
Step 1: Prepare for Restoration of Settings
Step 2: Restore Settings
Step 3: Activate Servers (Only with a Re-created Enterprise Pool)
Step 4: Start Services
Step 5: Validate Server and Pool Functionality
Next Steps
Re-creating Enterprise Pools
Reassigning Users
Restoring Domain Information
Restoring Sites
Step 1: Determine the Recovery Support to Be Provided by the Secondary Site
Step 2: Create a Deployment Plan and Restoration Strategy for the Secondary Site
Step 3: Set Up the Secondary Site
Step 4: Prepare the Primary Site to Support Recovery at the Secondary Site
Step 5: Maintain the Secondary Site
Step 6: Validate Site Recovery Capabilities by Simulating an Outage
Step 7: Bring the Secondary Site Online
Step 8: Restore the Primary Site and Bring It Back Online
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
V. Technical Troubleshooting and Diagnostics
15. Administration
Configuring Global Settings
Configuring UC-specific Settings
Configuring Policy-Specific Settings
Configuring Service Connection Point Settings
Configuring Trusted Server Settings
Configuring User-Specific Settings
Configuring Pool Settings
Configuring Server Settings
Configuring Settings for All Servers
Configuring Diagnostic Settings
Configuring Settings for Standard Edition and Enterprise Edition Servers
Configuring Application Server Settings
Configuring Filter Settings
Configuring Logging Settings
Configuring Conferencing Server Settings
Configuring Communicator Web Access Server Settings
Configuring Mediation Server Settings
Configuring Edge Server Settings
Configuring Federation Settings
Migrating Users from Live Communications Server 2005 SP1 to Office Communications Server 2007
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
16. Diagnostic Tools and Resources
Overview of Diagnostic Tools
Using Server Setup Logs
Using Event Logs
Understanding Communicator Events
Example of an Expected Event
Examples of Problem Events and Troubleshooting Steps
Understanding Server Events
Examples of Normal Events
Examples of Problem Events and Troubleshooting Steps
Using Client and Server Trace Logs
Understanding Office Communicator Traces
Configuring Trace Settings
Looking at Trace Files
Understanding Office Communications Server Traces
Example of Gathering a Server Trace
Using Snooper
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
17. Troubleshooting Problem Scenarios
Overview of the Troubleshooting Process
Identifying Primary Problem Spaces by Technical Area
Summary of Troubleshooting Steps
Resolving Common Problem Scenarios
Resolving Local and Remote Login Problems and Basic Operational Problems
Examples of Resolving Common Office Communicator Problems
Examples of Resolving Common Communicator Web Access Problems
Resolving Conferencing Problems Involving Sharing Files and A/V
Examples of Resolving Common Conferencing Problems
Resolving Management and Configuration Problems
Examples of Resolving Common Management and Configuration Problems
Resolving Telephony Problems
Examples of Resolving Common Telephony Problems
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
VI. Technical Reference
18. Office Communications Server 2007 Fundamentals
Understanding Session Initiation Protocol
How Office Communications Server 2007 and Office Communicator 2007 Use SIP
Common SIP Verbs
REGISTER
SUBSCRIBE and NOTIFY Requests
SERVICE
INVITE and MESSAGES
ACK
CANCEL
BYE
Common SIP Responses
Informational
Success
Redirection
Client Error
Server Error
Global Failure
Understanding SIP Routing
Overview of SIP Routing Concepts
Record-Route Headers
Route Headers
Via Headers
Contact Headers
Route Signatures
Understanding the Globally Routable User Agent URI
Understanding GRUU Creation
How the GRUU Is Used by Office Communications Server
Understanding Enhanced Presence
How Enhanced Presence Works
Understanding Categories of Presence Information
Understanding Containers of Presence Information
Examples of Enhanced Presence
Understanding Authentication in Office Communications Server 2007
Using TLS and Certificates
Overview of TLS
Example of a TLS Handshake over the Network
Overview of NTLM and Kerberos
Troubleshooting Sign-in Problems
Enabling NTLM v2
Security Features of Office Communications Server 2007
Federation Domain Validation
Remote User Access
Managing Access Rights
Allowing URLs and File Transfers
TLS and MTLS for Client and Server Message Integrity
Summary
Additional Resources
Related Information
On the Companion CD
19. Microsoft Office Communications Server 2007 Internals
Understanding the Office Communications Server 2007 Architecture
Understanding Pool Configurations
Examining the Standard Edition Configuration
Examining the Enterprise Edition: Consolidated Configuration
Examining the Enterprise Edition: Expanded Configuration
Understanding Enterprise Pools
Understanding Office Communications Server 2007 Internal Components
Examining Core Components
Examining the RTCsrv.exe Process
Examining the RTChost.exe Process
Examining Presence Components
Examining Conferencing Components
Understanding the Focus
Understanding the Focus Factory
Understanding the Conferencing Server Factory
Understanding the Conferencing Database
Examining VoIP Components
Understanding the Translation Service
Understanding the Inbound Routing Component
Understanding the Outbound Routing Component
Summary
Additional Resources
On the Companion CD
A. System Requirements
System Requirements for Resource Kit Tools and Reference Material
System Requirements for Resource Kit Tools and Reference Material
Index
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