absorptive mode, 1

actors, searching for, 1–2

aesthetics

– eco-, 1–2, 3–4, 5, 6–7

– environmental, 1

affection

– for landscape, 1, 2

– for Old Tibet, 1–2

– for Shangrila landscape, 1

– for Tibet, 1, 2–3, 4–5, 6, 7–8

affordances

– of film, 1

– geopoetic, 1

– Gibson on, 1–2, 3–4

– of place, 1

Akhu Norbu, 1–2, 3, 4–5

Akhu Shampa, 1–2, 3, 4, 5, 6– 7

altitude sickness, 1–2

ambient light, 1

Amdo region, 1–2

– see also Amne Machen (mountain); Sambha Village

Amdo Tibetans, 1

American scholars, travel seminars for, 1, 2–3

American students, field courses for, 1, 2–3, 4

Ami Megbon (mountain god), 1–2

Ami-chiri (mountain), 1

Amne Machen (mountain)

– abundance of water at, 1–2

– Akhu Shampa on, 1, 2

– communication with, 1–2

– as cultural memory, 1

– in mindscape, 1

– mining at, 1–2, 3

– mountain god, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5– 6, 7–8

– as place-memory, 1

– as soul mountain, 1, 2

– treatment of topic, 1

– Tserang Dondrub on, 1–2

Amne Machen pilgrimage

– emotions, 1, 2–3, 4–5

– glacier, 1, 2–3, 4–5

– Han Chinese crew members, 1–2

– landscape filming, 1, 2, 3

– songs, 1–2, 3

– treatment of topic, 1

– Tserang Dondrub, 1, 2

– weather, 1

Ani Sangmo’s Meditation Cave, 1, 2

anthropological mindscape, of author, 1–2

anthropology, reflexive, 1

anti-traditionalists, Tibetan

– vs. pro-traditionalists, 1–2

– see also Dondrub Gyal; Shogdong

army see People’s Liberation Army

authentic Tibet, 1–2, 3

Avatar (film), 1

“backwardness,” of Tibet, 1

Baidu Encyclopedia, 1–2

Baker, Ian, 1–2

begcheg (habit), 1–2

Beijing

– fieldwork in, 1–2

– Tibetan students, 1

– travel seminar for American scholars, 1–2

– urban landscape, 1

“Beijing-drifters” (beipiao), Tibetan, 1–2, 3–4

Berman, Emanuel, 1

birds see vulture

bla (soul), 1–2

“black bones,” 1

blacksmiths, 1

bla-gnas (soul-locations), 1, 2

bla-ri (soul mountain), 1, 2, 3

bloggers, 1–2

body

– and landscape, 1–2

– and memory, 1

– and place, 1–2, 3

Bongtse, 1

books

– memoirs of PLA veterans, 1, 2–3, 4

– Tibetan grammar book, 1

– travel writings on Tibet, 1, 2

– see also fictional books; individual titles

Bruno, Giuliana, 1

Budd, Malcolm, 1

Buddhism

– conversion of Tibet, 1

– mandalas, 1

– see also Tibetan Buddhism

Buddhist-oriented revival, 1

bus ride, to Sambha, 1

businesses, in Shangrila, 1

Cameron, James, 1

case study, of Shangrila, 1–2, 3

Casey, Edward, 1–2, 3, 4–5

caves see meditation caves

Chai Chunya, 1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 7–8

characters, tragically ending, 1–2

Chelhata, 1–2

Chen Xiaodong, 1

Chen Yalian, 1

Cheng Demei, 1

China (PRC)

– Cultural Revolution, 1

– market economy, 1

– oppression of Tibet, 1

– Orientalism of, 1

– perception of Tibet, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5–6

– representation in films, 1–2

– “Tibet fever,” 1

– Tibetan Buddhism in, 1

– see also Chinese Communists; People’s Liberation Army; urban China

Chinese

– attracted to Tibetan Buddhism, 1

– and Otherness of Tibet, 1–2, 3

– slave mentality, 1

– see also Han Chinese

Chinese Communists

– discourses introduced by, 1–2

– “liberation theology,” 1–2

– socialist land reform in Sangga, 1–2

– socialist modernity, 1–2

– utopianism, 1–2

Chinese Communists’ propaganda

– mission in Ngari grasslands, 1

– PLA triumph in Tibet, 1

– The Serf (film), 1, 2

– by “work teams,” 1, 2

Chinese media

– on Tibet as hot spot, 1–2

– see also Xinhua News

Chinese scholars

– field courses for, 1

– influence of Lopez and Said on, 1

– and Western perception of Tibet, 1

Chinese students, field courses for, 1

Chinese Tibetophiles, 1–2, 3–4, 5, 6, 7

– see also Chai Chunya; Chen Yalian; Hao Guiyao; “Tibet-drifters”

Chinese translations, of Lost Horizon, 1, 2

Chögyam Trungpa, 1–2, 3

cinematic ambience, of Pema Tseden’s, 1

cinematic hapticity, of Pema Tseden, 1, 2, 3

cinematic landscape

– in The Grassland (film), 1

– in Old Dog (film), 1

– in Pema Tseden’s films, 1–2, 3–4, 5, 6–7

– in The Silent Holy Stone (film), 1, 2–3

civilization, soul of Tibetan, 1–2

coins see silver coins

commercial branding, of Shangrila, 1

communication, with Amne Machen, 1–2

Communists see Chinese Communists

companies, investments in Shangrila, 1

consciousness

– environmental, 1

– subaltern, 1–2

– of Tibetan students in Beijing, 1

Cosgrove, Denis, 1

costs, of housing in Beijing, 1

craftsmen, in Lhasa, 1

crying, 1, 2, 3

cultural memory, 1

Cultural Revolution, 1

culture

– “power,” 1

– Tibetan, 1, 2, 3

Dai Wei, 1, 2–3

Dalai Lama (14^th), 1, 2

damo langren see Chai Chunya

Danqu, 1

death, of PLA soldiers, 1–2

deities see gods and deities

Della Dora, Veronica, 1

demographics

– Lhasa, 1–2, 3

– Sambha, 1

demons, 1, 2, 3

denbe dgra-lha festival, 1

Deqin Prefecture see Shangrila

Dernee Copper Mine, 1, 2

Desert Bell (blogger), 1–2

Desolation Peak, 1–2

de-symbolizing approach (qufuhaohua), 1–2

de-Tibetanization, 1

“Dharma vagabond” see Chai Chunya

diaspora see exile

dichotomies

– imagined vs. real Tibet, 1

– natural vs. social beings, 1

– Old vs. New Tibet, 1–2

– of the West, 1

disorientation, of Hao Guiyao, 1

documentary, “Ensouling the Mountain,” 1

dogs see mastiffs

Dolma Gyab, 1

Dondrub Gyal, 1–2, 3, 4–5

dream project, Shangrila as, 1–2

Drul Yelpa Caves, 1

Dukur Tserang, 1

earth (sa), 1

earthly deities, 1

earthwork, 1, 2, 3

eco-aesthetics, 1–2, 3–4, 5, 6–7

ecological know-how, 1

ecological value, of Tibet, 1–2

eco-spiritual dimension, of landscape, 1

eco-sublime experience, 1

Eco-Village, 1–2

emotions

– at Amne Machen pilgrimage, 1, 2–3, 4–5

– crying, 1, 2, 3

– homesickness, 1–2

– and landscape, 1

– and motions, 1, 2

– in Prince Drime Kunden (opera), 1

– in Tibetan films, 1, 2

– see also affection

empowerment

– by landscape, 1

– of local Tibetans, 1

enchantment see affection

“Ensouling the Mountain” (documentary), 1

environment, and organism, 1, 2–3

environmental aesthetics, 1

environmental consciousness, 1

environmental value, of Tibet, 1–2

“epic landscape scenes,” 1

“escapism,” 1

ethnic revival, 1–2, 3, 4–5

exile, Tibetans in

– “memorial place,” 1

– native knowledge, 1–2

fantasy, 1

– see also rescue fantasy

fate, of Tibet, 1

“fate” (li), 1

female soldiers, 1

festival, denbe dgra-lha, 1

fictional books

– Lost Horizon, 1, 2–3, 4, 5–6, 7

– on Tibet, 1

– Vagabond in Tibet, 1–2, 3, 4

Field, The (film), 1

field courses

– for American students, 1, 2–3, 4

– for Chinese scholars and students, 1

– see also travel seminars

fieldwork (of author)

– about, 1

– in Beijing, 1–2

– in Lhasa, 1, 2

– in Qinghai, 1–2

– in Shangrila, 1

film co-op, in Beijing, 1

filming see landscape filming

filmmaking process, by Pema Tseden, 1, 2, 3, 4

films

– actors, searching for, 1–2

– affordances of, 1

– Avatar, 1

– emotions in Tibetan, 1, 2

– The Field, 1

– The Grassland, 1–2, 3–4, 5

– Herdsman, 1–2

– landscape-mindscape relationship by watching, 1

– Old Dog, 1, 2–3

– Once upon a Time in Tibet, 1, 2–3

– production in high altitude environment, 1

– representation of China in, 1–2

– The Search, 1, 2–3, 4, 5–6

– The Serf, 1, 2

– The Silent Holy Stone, 1, 2–3, 4, 5

– Tibetan Buddhism in Pema Tseden’s, 1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 7, 8, 9–10

– traditional values vs. modernity in Pema Tseden’s, 1

– transnational production, 1–2

– The Wind Will Carry Us, 1

– see also cinematic …; “New Tibetan Cinema”

“filthy” class, 1

fog, manipulating, 1

food, for Han Chinese pilgrimage crew members, 1–2

forgetting, and remembering, 1–2

friends, author’s bond with Tibetan, 1–2

generational gap, 1

geopoetic affordance, 1

geopoetics, 1–2, 3

geopsychic affect, 1

Gibson, James, 1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 7

glacier, at Amne Machen, 1, 2–3, 4–5

gods and deities

– earthly, 1

– inter-dwelling with, 1, 2

– klu, 1

– offerings to, 1, 2

– of sa, 1

– Shogdong on, 1

– significance of, 1

– see also mountain gods and deities

Goldstein, Melvyn C., 1

Golok see Amne Machen (mountain)

grammar book, Tibetan, 1

Grapard, Allan, 1

Grassland, The (film), 1–2, 3–4, 5

grasslands see Ngari grasslands

“great mystifiers,” 1–2

Gyaltang see Shangrila

habit (begcheg), 1–2

– see also “old habit”

habit-memory, 1

hail clouds, shooting into, 1

Han Chinese

– Amne Machen pilgrimage crew members, 1–2

– and magical Tibet, 1

– perception of Tibet, 1

Hansen, Peter, 1–2

Hao Guiyao, 1

– see also Xiaohao

Hao Peng, 1

He Tianhui, 1–2

Herdsman (film), 1–2

hidden religious treasures (terma), 1–2, 3

high altitude environment, film production in, 1

high places, 1

Hillman, James, 1

Hilton, James, 1–2, 3, 4–5, 6, 7–8, 9

Himalaya marmots (phyiba), 1

Hoffmann, Ernst Lothar see Lama Anagarika Govinda

home, and place, 1

homesickness, 1–2

horn, yak, 1

host families, American students’ stay at Tibetan, 1

hot spot, Tibet as, 1–2, 3

housing, costs in Beijing, 1

hsa-goud (vulture), 1

Huber, Toni, 1

Hughes, J. Donald, 1

human weaklings (rdol), 1

humanization, of place, 1

Hwadan Tashi, 1–2

“I,” narrating, 1–2

identity, Tibetan, 1

imagination, 1, 2

imagined Tibet

– complexity of, 1

– modern nation, 1

– and post-Orientalist approach, 1

– vs. real Tibet, 1

– of the West, 1

immaturity, of Tibet, 1

indigenous people, and place, 1–2

Ingold, Tim, 1, 2, 3

“insurrection,” 1

intersubjectivity, 1, 2, 3

invasion of Tibet see second Long March

investments, in Shangrila, 1

invocations, by Akhu Norbu, 1–2

Jigmed, 1–2

Jokhang Temple, 1–2

Kerouac, Jack, 1–2

Kiarostami, Abbas, 1

killing, 1–2

klu (waterborne deity), 1

knowledge, native Tibetan, 1–2, 3

Kolås, Åshild, 1, 2–3, 4

Laba (“black bones” man), 1, 2–3

Lake Yamdrok Yumtso, 1

Lama Anagarika Govinda

– on landscape, 1–2

– on mountains, 1

lamas, 1–2, 3

land reform, socialist, 1–2

Lando (serf), 1

landscape

– absorptive mode, 1

– affection for, 1, 2

– bodily experiences of, 1–2

– Chai Chunya on, 1

– connection with, 1, 2–3

– at Drul Yelpa Caves, 1

– eco-aesthetics, 1

– eco-spiritual dimension, 1

– emotional connection with, 1

– emphasis of Dondrub Gyal, 1–2

– geopoetics, 1–2, 3

– and home, 1

– hostile, 1

– luminosity, 1–2

– Ma Lihua on, 1–2

– meaning of, 1

– mirage effect, 1–2

– moving, 1, 2

– as multidimensional world with other beings, 1

– Ovchinnikov on, 1

– passage of time-space, 1

– and perception of Tibet, 1

– and pilgrimage, 1

– potency of, 1

– sa, 1

– of Sambha, 1–2, 3

– and second Long March, 1

– of Shangrila region, 1–2

– Shogdong on, 1, 2, 3, 4–5

– and song of Zemgyab, 1

– Strong on, 1

– subjectivity of, 1–2, 3

– Tibetan Buddhism in, 1–2, 3–4, 5

– Tibetans’ bond with, 1–2

– tipping points, 1–2

– touching of, 1, 2

– treatment of topic, 1

– see also cinematic landscape; mountains; urban landscape

landscape filming, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

– see also cinematic landscape

landscape-mindscape relationship

– of Chinese Tibetophiles, 1

– of cited writers and artists, 1

– as combined placiality, 1

– eco-aesthetic reciprocity, 1

– eco-sublime experience, 1

– geopsychic affect, 1

– Li Xu’s affection for Shangrila, 1

– nodes of, 1

– in Sambha, 1

– semantically synonymous, 1–2

– by watching films, 1

landscape photography, 1

language, Tibetan, 1, 2

legend, of Yutog Yontan Gonpo, 1

Lhasa

– fieldwork in, 1, 2

– Jokhang Temple, 1–2

– Ling on, 1

– low class, 1

– Ovchinnikov on, 1, 2

– Potala Palace, 1–2, 3, 4

– Shogdong on, 1

– social situation (1950s), 1–2

– tourism, 1, 2–3

li (“fate”), 1

Li Chuan, 1

Li Guozhu, 1–2

Li Hong, 1

Li Jingze, 1

Li Wenshan, 1

Li Xu, 1–2

Liang Qichao, 1

“liberation theology,” Communist, 1–2

light, 1–2

Lin Tian, 1, 2–3, 4

Ling Xingzheng, 1–2, 3–4

Little Lhasa see Shangrila

Liu Jinyuan, 1–2

Long March, 1

– see also second Long March

Lopez, Donald S.

– distinction of Tibetology, 1

– Orientalism discourse, 1, 2, 3, 4–5

Lost Horizon (novel), 1, 2–3, 4, 5–6, 7

low class, 1–2

luminosity, 1–2

Ma Lihua, 1–2

Machen Bomra (mountain) see Amne Machen

Machu (river), 1, 2–3

magical realism, 1

magical Tibet, 1, 2

mandalas, 1–2

mandalization, of Sambha, 1–2

market economy, in China, 1

marmots, Himalaya, 1

mastiffs, 1, 2, 3–4

Matless, David, 1

media see Chinese media

meditation

– of Akhu Norbu, 1–2

– of American scholars, 1–2

meditation caves

– Ani Sangmo’s Meditation Cave, 1, 2

– Drul Yelpa Caves, 1

– on Sambhadrubgne, 1, 2–3

meditation retreat house, planning, 1–2

Melong Tang (fictitious place), 1

memoirs, of PLA veterans, 1, 2–3, 4–5, 6–7

memorability, of place, 1, 2–3

“memorial place,” 1

memory

– and body, 1

– cultural, 1

– and forgetting, 1–2

– habit-memory, 1

– pathology of, 1–2

– and place, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

military see People’s Liberation Army

milking, of yaks, 1

mindscape

– Amne Machen, 1

– anthropological, 1–2

– meaning of, 1

– mirage effect, 1

– Old Town Shangrila, 1

– place-memory, 1, 2, 3

– temporality of, 1–2

– of Tibet, 1–2

– see also landscape-mindscape relationship

Mindscaping the Landscape of Tibet (book)

– goals and approaches, 1–2

– mantras and language, 1

– treatment of topics, 1–2, 3

mining, at Amne Machen, 1–2, 3

mirage, of Tibet, 1

mirage effect, 1–2, 3, 4–5, 6

missing Orient, 1

mobilization, for second Long March, 1

modernism see anti-traditionalists; radical modernism

modernity

– “ocularcentrism,” 1–2

– paradox of, 1, 2, 3

– pathos of, 1–2, 3–4

– socialist, 1–2

– Tibetan, 1

– vs. traditional values, 1

– treatment of topic, 1

modernization

– consequences of, 1, 2

– of Sambha, 1

– as threat, 1

– and Tibetan Buddhism, 1

monks, in Lhasa, 1

monument, and place, 1

morale, of PLA soldiers, 1, 2

motion pictures see films

motions, and emotions, 1, 2

motivation, of PLA soldiers, 1–2

mountain gods and deities

– Ami Megbon, 1–2

– Amne Machen, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5–6, 7–8

– nine original, 1–2

– reciprocity between humans and, 1–2

mountains

– Ami-chiri, 1

– Lama Govinda on, 1

– Ma Lihua on, 1–2

– Nyanpog Yutse, 1

– Pagö-pünsum, 1–2

– Sambhadrubgne, 1, 2–3, 4–5

– as theme of Yidam Tserang, 1

– see also Amne Machen

movies see films

moving landscape, 1, 2

Mu Ge, 1

My Ten Years in Tibet (book), 1

narratives

– self-referential, 1–2

– of travelers, 1, 2–3

nation, 1–2, 3

nationalism, 1, 2–3

natural beings, vs. social beings, 1

nature, 1, 2

Nêdong County see Sangga Village

“neo-Orientalism,” 1

New Age Orientalism, 1

New Tibet, vs. Old Tibet, 1–2

“New Tibetan Cinema,” 1–2, 3, 4–5, 6

– see also Pema Tseden

ngapa see yogis

Ngari grasslands, propaganda mission in, 1

noises, in Old Dog (film), 1–2

nomads, social hierarchy, 1

Norbu, 1, 2

novel, Lost Horizon, 1, 2–3, 4, 5–6, 7

Nyanpog Yutse (mountain), 1

Oakes, Timothy, 1

oath, in The Grassland (film), 1

“ocularcentrism,” 1–2

offerings

– to deities, 1, 2

– to glacier, 1, 2–3

Old Dog (film), 1, 2–3

“old habit,” 1–2, 3, 4

Old Tibet

– affection for, 1–2

– vs. New Tibet, 1–2

– oppression in, 1, 2

Old Town Shangrila, 1

Once upon a Time in Tibet (film), 1, 2–3

opera, Prince Drime Kunden, 1, 2, 3, 4–5

oppression (of freedom of expression), subalternity of radical modernism, 1–2

oppression (of serfs), 1, 2

oppression (of Tibet)

– self-immolation of Tibetans, 1

– see also second Long March

organism, and environment, 1, 2–3

Orientalism

– about, 1

– Chai’s sentiments, 1, 2

– of China, 1

– Lopez’s discourse, 1, 2, 3, 4–5

– missing Orient, 1

– “neo-Orientalism,” 1

– New Age Orientalism, 1

– from post-Orientalist perspective, 1–2

– Said’s discourse, 1, 2, 3

– of the West, 1, 2–3

– see also post-Orientalist approach

Otherness, of Tibet, 1–2, 3

outlaws, in Sambha, 1

Ovchinnikov, Vsevolod Vladimirovich, 1, 2–3, 4–5, 6

Pagö-pünsum (mountain), 1–2

Palace, Potala, 1–2, 3, 4

paradox, of modernity, 1, 2, 3

pathogen, 1–2

pathogenic force, of radical modernism, 1–2, 3–4

pathology, of memory, 1–2

pathos, of modernity, 1–2, 3–4

Pedersen, Poul, 1

Pema Tseden

– cinematic ambience, 1

– cinematic hapticity, 1, 2, 3

– cinematic transition, 1–2

– filmmaking process, 1, 2, 3, 4

– The Grassland (film), 1–2, 3–4, 5

– Old Dog (film), 1, 2–3

– The Search (film), 1, 2–3, 4, 5–6

– vs. Shogdong’s views, 1–2

– The Silent Holy Stone (film), 1, 2–3, 4, 5

– traditional values vs. modernity in films of, 1

– transnational film production, 1–2

people

– claiming, 1–2

– and place, 1, 2, 3, 4

– treatment of topic, 1

– see also indigenous people

People’s Liberation Army (PLA)

– affection of soldiers for Tibet, 1

– Long March, 1

– treatment of topic, 1–2

– see also second Long March

People’s Republic of China see China

photography, landscape, 1

phyiba (Himalaya marmots), 1

pilgrimage

– dynamics of, 1

– and landscape, 1

– see also Amne Machen pilgrimage

pilgrims, 1, 2

PLA see People’s Liberation Army

place

– affordances of, 1

– as antecedent to all affairs, 1

– and body, 1–2, 3

– high places, 1

– and home, 1

– humanization of, 1

– and indigenous people, 1–2

– meaning of, 1

– memorability of, 1, 2–3

– and memory, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5

– mirage effect, 1

– and monument, 1

– paradox of modernity, 1, 2, 3

– pathos of modernity, 1–2

– and people, 1, 2, 3, 4

– power, 1

– rootedness to, 1, 2

– significance of, 1

– soul-locations, 1, 2

– subjectivity of, 1

– of Tibet, 1

– in time, 1–2

– see also landscape

place-human bonding, 1, 2, 3

place-memory, 1, 2, 3

placiality

– combined, 1

– meaning of, 1

– of Shogdong’s memory, 1

poems

– by Dondrub Gyal, 1–2

– by Ling Xingzheng, 1–2

polarization, images of Tibet, 1–2

population

– of Lhasa, 1–2, 3

– of Sambha, 1

posters, propaganda, 1

post-Orientalist approach, 1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 7

Potala Palace, 1–2, 3, 4

potency, of landscape, 1

power, of Tibet, 1–2

“power culture,” 1

power place, Shangrila as, 1

prayer, most recited, 1

PRC see China

Prince Drime Kunden (opera), 1, 2, 3, 4–5

profits

– opportunities for, 1

– from Shangrila tourism, 1

propaganda see Chinese Communists’ propaganda

prostration, 1

pro-traditionalists, Tibetan

– about, 1

– vs. anti-traditionalists, 1–2

– see also Pema Tseden

psychoactive sacramental, Tibet as, 1

Qinghai Province

– field course for American students, 1–2

– fieldwork in, 1–2

– Lhasa railway, 1

– see also Amdo region

qufuhaohua (de-symbolizing approach), 1–2

radical modernism

– pathogenic force of, 1–2, 3–4

– subalternity of, 1–2

– see also Dondrub Gyal; Shogdong

railway, Qinghai – Lhasa, 1

rapids, of Machu, 1

rdol (human weaklings), 1

real Tibet, vs. imagined Tibet, 1

realism, 1, 2

reflexive anthropology, 1

religion see Buddhism

remembering, and forgetting, 1–2

Ren Huaguang, 1

Ren Naiqiang, 1

rescue fantasy, 1–2

revitalization, of Tibetan culture, 1

Ricoeur, Paul, 1, 2

ritual techniques, for weather control, 1–2

rivers

– crossing of PLA soldiers, 1

– Machu, 1, 2–3

– see also rapids

rootedness

– to place, 1, 2

– as place-memory, 1

roots, of Sambha, 1

sa (earth/landscape), 1

sacred sites see temples

Said, Edward, Orientalism discourse, 1, 2, 3

Sambha Village

– demographics, 1

– eco-aesthetics of, 1–2

– history, 1, 2, 3, 4

– landscape-mindscape relationship, 1

– Machu river in, 1–2

– mandalization, 1–2

– modernization, 1

– origin of name, 1–2

– roots, 1

– sanctity, 1

– springs, 1, 2

– weather control, 1–2

Sambhadrubgne (mountain), 1, 2–3, 4–5

sanctity, of Sambha, 1

Sangga Village, socialist land reform, 1–2

scandals, of Western Tibetan Buddhists, 1

scholars see American scholars; Chinese scholars

Search, The (film), 1, 2–3, 4, 5–6

searching, for actors, 1–2

second Long March

– Communist “liberation theology,” 1–2

– death of PLA soldiers, 1–2

– and landscape, 1, 2

– memoirs of veterans, 1, 2–3, 4–5, 6–7

– mobilization for, 1–2

– morale of PLA soldiers, 1, 2

– motivation of PLA soldiers, 1–2

– “newness” felt by PLA soldiers in Tibet, 1

– planning, 1–2

– superiority of PLA, 1

– time span, 1

– triumph of PLA, 1

– women soldiers, 1

self-immolation, of Tibetans, 1

self-referential narratives, 1–2

seniority, 1–2

sentient ecology, 1

Serf, The (film), 1, 2

serfs, 1, 2, 3, 4

Shangrila

– commercial branding, 1

– as dream project, 1–2

– Eco-Village, 1–2

– field course for American students, 1

– fieldwork, 1

– Kolås’ case study, 1–2, 3

– landscape of region, 1–2

– local Tibetans, 1–2, 3, 4

– name change to, 1

– origin of name, 1

– other locations resembling novel, 1

– as power place, 1

– Tibetanization of, 1–2

– transformation into tourist commodity, 1, 2, 3

“Shangrila” (imagined Tibet), and post-Orientalist approach, 1

Shangrila (TV show), 1

Shen Weirong, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5–6

Sheridan, Jim, 1

Shogdong

– about, 1

– author’s view on, 1

– on “backwardness” of Tibet, 1

– critics of, 1–2

– on fate of Tibet, 1

– imagined modern Tibetan nation, 1

– on immaturity of Tibet, 1

– on “insurrection,” 1

– on landscape, 1, 2, 3, 4–5

– on Lhasa, 1

– and neologisms of Chinese state, 1

– on “old habit,” 1, 2, 3

– vs. Pema Tseden’s views, 1–2

– on pilgrims, 1

– placiality of his memory, 1

– on Potala Palace, 1

– radical modernism of, 1, 2, 3, 4–5

shooting, into hail clouds, 1

sickness, altitude, 1–2

Siebenschuh, William R., 1

Silent Holy Stone, The (film), 1, 2–3, 4, 5

Silent Mani-Song, The (fiction), 1

silver coins, distribution of in Lhasa, 1

slave mentality, 1, 2

Smithson, Robert, 1

Snow Mountain Township, 1–2

social beings, vs. natural beings, 1

social hierarchy, 1–2, 3

– see also low class

social situation, in Lhasa (1950s), 1–2

socialist land reform, in Sangga, 1–2

socialist modernity, 1–2

soldiers see People’s Liberation Army

songs

– at Amne Machen pilgrimage, 1–2, 3

– in Shangrila (TV show), 1

Sonthar Gyal, 1

soul, of Tibetan civilization, 1–2

soul (bla), 1–2

soul mountain (bla-ri), 1, 2, 3

soul-locations (bla-gnas), 1, 2

sounds, in Old Dog (film), 1–2

Spiral Jetty (earthwork), 1

spirits see gods and deities

spiritual experience, 1, 2

– see also eco-spiritual dimension

springs, in Sambha, 1, 2

Stone, The (film) see Silent Holy Stone

Strong, Anna Louis, 1, 2, 3

students

– field courses for American, 1, 2–3, 4

– field courses for Chinese, 1

– Tibetan in Beijing, 1

Su Yan, 1

subaltern consciousness, 1–2

subaltern studies, for Tibet, 1

subalternity

– of radical modernism, 1–2

– slave mentality, 1, 2

subalterns, 1–2

– see also serfs

subjectivity

– of author, 1, 2

– of landscape, 1–2, 3

Suhe (town), 1

Sun Jiong, 1–2

Swan, Jim, 1

Tagyal see Shogdong

Tang Shijie, 1, 2

Tashi Tsering, 1

temples

– Hughes and Swan on, 1

– Jokhang Temple, 1–2

– on Sambhadrubgne, 1

temporality, of mindscape, 1–2

Tenzin, 1–2, 3, 4

terma (hidden religious treasures), 1–2, 3

“third pole,” Tibet as, 1

“Tibet fever” (xizangre), 1

Tibetan Buddhism

– in China, 1

– Chinese attracted to, 1

– Dalai Lama (14^th), 1, 2

– hidden religious treasures, 1–2, 3

– lamas, 1–2, 3

– in landscape, 1–2, 3–4, 5

– li (“fate”), 1

– mandalas, 1–2

– and modernization, 1

– in Old Dog (film), 1

– in Pema Tseden’s films, 1–2, 3–4, 5–6, 7, 8, 9–10

– power of, 1

– religious practices, 1

– in The Search (film), 1, 2–3

– and Tibetan culture, 1

– in the West, 1–2, 3, 4

– see also yogis

Tibetan language, 1, 2

Tibetan studies, cross-regional, 1–2

Tibetanization, of Shangrila, 1–2

“Tibet-drifters” (zangpiao), 1, 2–3

– see also Ma Lihua

Tibetology, 1

Tibetophiles see Chinese Tibetophiles

Tilley, Christopher, 1–2, 3, 4–5, 6

time, place in, 1–2

time-space, passage of, 1

tipping points, 1–2

touching

– of landscape, 1, 2

– by world, 1–2

tour guide, Norbu, 1

tourism

– growth, 1

– Lhasa, 1, 2–3

– reasons for, 1–2

– Shangrila as dream project, 1–2

– tour guide, 1

tourist commodity, transformation of Shangrila into, 1, 2, 3

traditional values

– vs. modernity, 1

– see also anti-traditionalists; pro-traditionalists

train, Qinghai – Lhasa, 1

translations see Chinese translations

travel seminars

– for American scholars, 1, 2–3

– see also field courses

travel writings, on Tibet, 1, 2

travelers

– empowerment by landscape, 1

– expectations of, 1–2

– narratives of, 1, 2–3

– see also pilgrims

treasures see terma

triumph, of PLA in Tibet, 1

Tsawa Daneg, 1–2

Tserang Dondrub, 1, 2, 3–4, 5

Tukeba (blogger), 1

TV show, Shangrila, 1

urban China, Tibetans in

– and ethnic revival, 1

– paradox of modernity, 1

– pathos of modernity, 1

– students in Beijing, 1

– see also “Beijing-drifters”; Shogdong

urban landscape, of Beijing, 1

U.S. see American …

utopia, Tibet as, 1–2

utopianism, 1–2

Ü-Tsang region see Lhasa; Ngari grasslands

Vagabond in Tibet (fiction), 1–2, 3, 4

“Village Serf Cooperative,” 1–2

villages see Sambha; Sangga

visual articulation, of public discourses, 1–2

vulture (hsa-goud), 1

Wang Hui, 1, 2, 3, 4–5, 6–7

water, abundance of, 1–2, 3–4

waterborne deity (klu), 1

“Waterfalls of Youth, The” (poem), 1–2

weather

– at Amne Machen pilgrimage, 1

– control by yogis, 1–2

– see also fog; hail clouds

Wei Ke, 1, 2–3

West

– captivating power of Tibet, 1

– dichotomies of the, 1

– Orientalism of, 1, 2–3

– perception of Tibet, 1, 2, 3, 4

– Tibetan Buddhism in, 1–2, 3, 4

– see also American …

Wind Will Carry Us, The (film), 1

women soldiers, 1

“work teams,” propaganda, 1, 2

Xiaohao, 1, 2, 3

– see also Hao Guiyao

Xie Fei, 1–2

Xinhua News, 1, 2

xizangre (“Tibet fever”), 1

yak horn, 1

yaks, 1, 2

Yamdrok Yumtso (lake), 1

Yidam Tserang, 1

yogis (ngapa)

– in Sambha area, 1–2

– weather control by, 1–2

– see also Akhu Norbu

“You Know” (song), 1

Younghusband, Francis, 1

Yu Dehua, 1

Yunnan Province see Shangrila; Suhe

Yutog Yontan Gonpo, legend of, 1

zangpiao see “Tibet-drifters”

Zemgyab, 1–2

Zhang Guohua, 1, 2–3

Zhang Tianpan, 1–2

Zhongdian see Shangrila