Time for action – creating a simple game

It's important to notice the so-called main game loop where all the action happens and the usage of the Font module to render text. In this program we will manipulate a Pygame Surface object that is used for drawing, and we will handle a quit event. Perform the following steps to create a simple game:

  1. First import the required Pygame modules. If Pygame is installed properly, we should get no errors, otherwise please return to the installation recipe.
    import pygame, sys
from pygame.locals import *
  2. We will initialize Pygame, create a display of 400 x 300 pixels, and set the window title to Hello World!.
    pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((400, 300))

pygame.display.set_caption('Hello World!')
  3. Games usually have a game loop, which runs forever until for instance a quit event occurs. In this example we will only set a label with the text Hello World at coordinates (100, 100). The text has font size of 19 and a red color.
    while True: 
    sysFont = pygame.font.SysFont("None", 19)
    rendered = sysFont.render('Hello World', 0, (255, 100, 100))
    screen.blit(rendered, (100, 100))

    for event in pygame.event.get():
      if event.type == QUIT:
        pygame.quit()
        sys.exit()

    pygame.display.update()

    We get the following screenshot as an end result:

    Time for action – creating a simple game

    The following is the complete code for the "Hello World" example:

    import pygame, sys
from pygame.locals import *

pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((400, 300))

pygame.display.set_caption('Hello World!')

while True: 
    sysFont = pygame.font.SysFont("None", 19)
    rendered = sysFont.render('Hello World', 0, (255, 100, 100))
    screen.blit(rendered, (100, 100))

    for event in pygame.event.get():
      if event.type == QUIT:
        pygame.quit()
        sys.exit()

    pygame.display.update()

What just happened?

It might not seem like much, but we learned a lot in this tutorial. The functions that passed the review are summarized in the following table:

Function

Description

pygame.init()

This function does initialization and needs to be called before other Pygame functions are called.

pygame.display.set_mode((400, 300))

This creates a so-called Surface object to draw on. We give this function a tuple representing the dimensions of the surface.

pygame.display.set_caption('Hello World!')

This sets the window title to a specified string value.

pygame.font.SysFont("None", 19)

This creates a system font from a comma-separated list of fonts (in this case. none) and a font size parameter.

sysFont.render('Hello World', 0, (255, 100, 100))

This draws text on a Surface object. The last parameter is a tuple representing the RGB values of a color.

screen.blit(rendered, (100, 100))

This draws on a Surface object.

pygame.event.get()

This gets a list of Event objects. The Event objects represent some special occurrence in the system, such as a user quitting the game.

pygame.quit()

This cleans up resources used by Pygame. Call this function before exiting the game.

pygame.display.update()

This refreshes the surface.

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