Appendix C
Commonly Used Opcodes in Assembly
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TRANSFER Opcodes (Continued) |
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Name |
Description |
Syntax |
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TRANSFER Opcodes |
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Name |
Description |
Syntax |
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MOV |
Move (copy) |
MOV Dest,Source |
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XCHG |
Exchange |
XCHG Op1,Op2 |
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STC |
Set Carry |
STC |
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CLC |
Clear Carry |
CLC |
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CMC |
Complement Carry |
CMC |
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STD |
Set Direction |
STD |
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CLD |
Clear Direction |
CLD |
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STI |
Set Interrupt |
STI |
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CLI |
Clear Interrupt |
CLI |
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PUSH |
Push onto stack |
PUSH Source |
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PUSHF |
Push flags |
PUSHF |
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PUSHA |
Push all general registers |
PUSHA |
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POP |
Pop from stack |
POP Dest |
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POPF |
Pop flags |
POPF |
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POPA |
Pop all general registers |
POPA |
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CBW |
Convert byte to word |
CBW |
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CWD |
Convert word to double |
CWD |
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CWDE |
Convert word extended double |
CWDE |
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IN |
Input |
IN Dest,Port |
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OUT |
Output |
OUT Port,Source |
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ARITHMETIC Opcodes |
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Name |
Description |
Syntax |
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ADD |
Add |
ADD Dest,Source |
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ADC |
Add with carry |
ADC Dest,Source |
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SUB |
Subtract |
SUB Dest,Source |
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SBB |
Subtract with borrow |
SBB Dest,Source |
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DIV |
Divide (unsigned) |
DIV Op |
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IDIV |
Signed integer divide |
IDIV Op |
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MUL |
Multiply (unsigned) |
MUL Op |
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IMUL |
Signed integer multiply |
IMUL Op |
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INC |
Increment |
INC Op |
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DEC |
Decrement |
DEC Op |
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CMP |
Compare |
CMP Op1,Op2 |
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SAL |
Shift arithmetic left |
SAL Op,Quantity |
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SAR |
Shift arithmetic right |
SAR Op,Quantity |
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RCL |
Rotate left through carry |
RCL Op,Quantity |
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RCR |
Rotate right through carry |
RCR Op,Quantity |
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ROL |
Rotate left |
ROL Op,Quantity |
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ROR |
Rotate right |
ROR Op,Quantity |
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LOGIC Opcodes |
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Name |
Description |
Syntax |
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NEG |
Negate (two-complement) |
NEG Op |
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NOT |
Invert each bit |
NOT Op |
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AND |
Logical and |
AND Dest,Source |
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OR |
Logical or |
OR Dest,Source |
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XOR |
Logical exclusive or |
XOR Dest,Source |
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SHL |
Shift logical left |
SHL Op,Quantity |
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SHR |
Shift logical right |
SHR Op,Quantity |
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MISCELLANEOUS Opcodes |
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Name |
Description |
Syntax |
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NOP |
No operation |
NOP |
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LEA |
Load effective address |
LEA Dest,Source |
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INT |
Interrupt |
INT Nr |
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JUMPS (General) Opcodes (Continued) |
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Name |
Description |
Syntax |
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JUMPS (General) Opcodes |
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Name |
Description |
Syntax |
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CALL |
Call subroutine |
CALL Proc |
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JMP |
Jump |
JMP Dest |
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JE |
Jump if equal |
JE Dest |
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JZ |
Jump if zero |
JZ Dest |
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JCXZ |
Jump if CX zero |
JCXZ Dest |
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JP |
Jump if parity (parity even) |
JP Dest |
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JPE |
Jump if parity even |
JPE Dest |
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RET |
Return from subroutine |
RET |
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JNE |
Jump if not equal |
JNE Dest |
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JNZ |
Jump if not zero |
JNZ Dest |
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JECXZ |
Jump if ECX zero |
JECXZ Dest |
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JNP |
Jump if no parity (parity odd) |
JNP Dest |
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JPO |
Jump if parity odd |
JPO Dest |
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JUMPS Unsigned (Cardinal) Opcodes |
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JA |
Jump if above |
JA Dest |
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JAE |
Jump if above or equal |
JAE Dest |
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JB |
Jump if below |
JB Dest |
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JBE |
Jump if below or equal |
JBE Dest |
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JNA |
Jump if not above |
JNA Dest |
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JNAE |
Jump if not above or equal |
JNAE Dest |
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JNB |
Jump if not below |
JNB Dest |
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JNBE |
Jump if not below or equal |
JNBE Dest |
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JC |
Jump if carry |
JC Dest |
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JNC |
Jump if no carry |
JNC Dest |
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JUMPS Signed (Integer) Opcodes |
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JG |
Jump if greater |
JG Dest |
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JGE |
Jump if greater or equal |
JGE Dest |
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JL |
Jump if less |
JL Dest |
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JLE |
Jump if less or equal |
JLE Dest |
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JNG |
Jump if not greater |
JNG Dest |
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JNGE |
Jump if not greater or equal |
JNGE Dest |
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JNL |
Jump if not less |
JNL Dest |
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JNLE |
Jump if not less or equal |
JNLE Dest |
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JO |
Jump if overflow |
JO Dest |
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JNO |
Jump if no overflow |
JNO Dest |
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JS |
Jump if sign (= negative) |
JS Dest |
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JNS |
Jump if no sign (= positive) |
JNS Dest |