The getopt module used in Example 2-23 contains functions to extract command-line options and
arguments. It can handle both short and long option formats.
The second argument specifies the short options that should be allowed. A colon (:) after an option name means that option must have an additional argument.
Example 2-23. Using the getopt Module
File: getopt-example-1.py
import getopt
import sys
# simulate command-line invocation
sys.argv = ["myscript.py", "-l", "-d", "directory", "filename"]
# process options
opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "ld:")
long = 0
directory = None
for o, v in opts:
if o == "-l":
long = 1
elif o == "-d":
directory = v
print "long", "=", long
print "directory", "=", directory
print "arguments", "=", args
long = 1
directory = directory
arguments = ['filename']
To make getopt look for long options, as in Example 2-24, pass a list of option descriptors as
the third argument. If an option name ends with an equals sign (=),
that option must have an additional argument.
Example 2-24. Using the getopt Module to Handle Long Options
File: getopt-example-2.py
import getopt
import sys
# simulate command-line invocation
sys.argv = ["myscript.py", "--echo", "--printer", "lp01", "message"]
opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "ep:", ["echo", "printer="])
# process options
echo = 0
printer = None
for o, v in opts:
if o in ("-e", "--echo"):
echo = 1
elif o in ("-p", "--printer"):
printer = v
print "echo", "=", echo
print "printer", "=", printer
print "arguments", "=", args
echo = 1
printer = lp01
arguments = ['message']..................Content has been hidden....................
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