INDEX

Symbols & Numbers

__import__, 16–17

__init__.py, 8

__slots__, 163–167

__repr__, 211

A

abstract syntax tree (AST), 135–141, 147

walking through, 139

Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP), 184–186

aiohttp library, 183

all() function, 128

ambiguous times, 55

any() function, 128

API (application programming interface)

designing, 45

documentation, 41–42, 46–47

managing changes, 40–41, 46

architecture

event-driven, 181

service-oriented, 184

AST (abstract syntax tree), 135–141, 147

asyncio module, 182–184

attr module, 210–212

B

bisect module, 159–160

bisect.bisect() function, 159

bisect.bisect_left() function, 160

bisect.insort() function, 160

buffer protocol, 170–174

bytearray, 173–174

C

C10K, 181

cache, 167–168

CLOS (Common Lisp Object System), 203–205

closure, 159

Coghlan, Nick, 74

collections module, 153

Counter() method, 154

defaultdict, 153

namedtuple class, 165

Collins, Robert, 97–98

Common Lisp Object System (CLOS), 203–205

console scripts, 69–70

contextlib, 208–210

context management protocol, 207–210

context managers, 207–210

copy.deepcopy(), 176

Counter(), 154

coverage tool, 88–89

cProfile module, 154–155

CPython, 163, 169, 176, 178–179

D

databases, 187–199

backends, 190

existing time zones, 52

relational database management system (RDBMS), 187, 195–197

data structures, 152–154

datetime, 50–51, 54–55

dateutil, 52–53, 55

debtcollector library, 14, 44

decorators, 100–107, 142–143

class decorators, 103

creation, 100–101

stacking, 102, 103

defaultdict, 153

de Vienne, Christophe, 45–47

dis module, 156–158

dis.dis() function, 156

distribution, 57–74

building setup.py, 58–59

format, 61

packaging with setup.cfg, 60–61

Wheel standard, 61–63

distutils library, 58

doctest module, 38

documentation, 34–35

E

entry points, 67

visualization, 68

enumerate() function, 127

event-driven architecture, 181–182

F

filter() function, 127

first() function, 130–131

fixtures, 81–82

flake8, 12, 95, 140–141

Fontaine, Dimitri, 195–199

frameworks, 26–27, 31

functional programming, 119–121

functools module, 105

partial() method, 131–132

update_wrapper() function, 105

wraps, 106

G

generators, 121–123

inspecting, 124–125

generic methods, 205

GitHub, 35

global interpreter lock (GIL), 13, 169, 176, 178

H

Harlow, Joshua, 13–14

Hellmann, Doug, 27–31

hierarchy, 7

Hy, 18, 145–149

I

import hook, 18

import keyword, 16–17

inspect module, 106–107, 124

interprocess communication, 185–186

iso8601 module, 54–55

itertools module, 132–133

J

JSON, 191, 193–194

just-in-time (JIT) compilation, 14, 169

Jython, 178

K

KCacheGrind, 155–156

L

lambda() function, 131

layout, 7

least recently used (LRU) cache, 167–168

libraries, 15

API, 46

external, 22, 23, 26

standard, 20, 28–29

Lisp, 145–146, 147–148, 203

list comprehension (listcomp), 125–126

M

map() method, 127

memoization, 167–168

memoryview, 171

meta path finder, 19–20

method resolution order (MRO), 115

methods, 107–117

abstract, 110–113

class, 109–110, 112–113

generic, 205–207

mixing, 112–113

static, 108–109, 112–113

mock library, 84–88

modernize module, 203

modules included in the standard library, 21

multiple inheritance, 114

multiprocessing, 179–181, 185

multithreading, 178–181

N

namedtuple class, 165–166

next() function, 121–122

O

object relational mapping (ORM), 188, 197–198

OpenStack, 1, 13–14, 22, 29, 97

optimization, 151–174

ordered lists, 159

P

packaging solutions, 74

pbr (Python Build Reasonableness), 60

PEP (Python Enhancement Proposal)

PEP 440, 8–10

PEP 7, 11

PEP 8, 10–12

pep8, 10

pip, 24–26

plugins, 71

poll() function, 181

PostgreSQL, 190–194, 195–196, 198–199

profiling, 154

psycopg2 library, 192

pure functions, 120

pyflakes, 12

pylint, 12

PyPI, 24, 64–67

pyprof2calltree, 155

PyPy, 169

pytest, 76–81

coverage, 88

fixtures, 81

mark, 80

pattern, 79

parallel, 81–82

scenarios, 83

PYTHONPATH, 18

Python versions, 5–6, 30, 201–203

Python 2, 6

Python 3, 6, 13, 23, 27, 30

R

relational database management system (RDBMS), 187, 195–197

REpresentational State Transfer (REST), 184

reStructured Text (reST), 34–36

S

scaling, 177–186

scenarios, 83

select() function, 181–182

semantic versioning, 9

service-oriented architecture, 184

setup.cfg, 59–61

setup.py, 7, 57–61

setuptools library, 58–59, 67

singledispatch() function, 205–207

Single Responsibility Principle (SRP), 30

six module, 201–202

sockets, 172–173

sorted() function, 128

sorted list, 159–160

Sphinx, 33–40, 42

autodoc, 36–37

doctest, 38–39

SQL, 187–190, 197–198. See also PostgreSQL

SQLAlchemy, 22, 30, 190

Stinner, Victor, 174–176

streaming, 190

strings, 202

super() method, 114–117

sys module, 17

sys.path variable, 18

T

Tagliamonte, Paul, 147–149

taskflow, 14

testing

policy, 96, 97–98

skipping, 78

unit, 75–76

threads, 178

timeit module, 175

timestamps, 49–56

time zones, 49–50, 52–54

tox, 92–96

tox-travis, 97

Travis CI, 96

U

Unicode, 202

update_wrapper() function, 105

V

versions

API, 41

numbering, 8–10

Python, 5, 95

virtual environments, 90–96

re-creating, 94

setting up, 91–92

tox, 92–93

W

warnings, 43–44

Web Server Gateway Interface (WSGI), 29

Wheel, 61–63

universal, 63

with, 207

wraps decorator, 106

Y

yield, 121–123

Z

zero copy, 170

ZeroMQ, 185–186

zip() function, 129