Index
A
action field (syslog), 206
activating, new boot environments, 450–452
active study strategies, 10
add install client, options, 372
adding
devices to ZFS storage pools, 488–489
patches on OS installed boot environments, 459
software packages to boot environments, 457–458
ZFS datasets to non-global zones, 519–521
addresses, displaying MAC addresses, 23
administration, ZFS, 474
all profiles, 203
answers to practice exam, 583–590
archive_location keyword (class files), 344–346
attributes, /etc/nscd.conf, 258–259
auth attr database, 198
authentication (NIS+), 249
authorization
NIS+, 250–251
roleadd, 191–192
authorizations (auth attr) database, RBAC, 197
auths command, 194
autofs, 547
AutoFS, 97. See also automount command
exam question answers, 116–119
exam questions, 109–114
exercises, 108–109
maps
indirect maps, 93–97
master maps, 85–89
naming, 89
overview, 85
overview, 82–85
automount command. See also AutoFS
overview, 82–85
when to use, 97
automountd command, 83
B
backing up, zones, 304
backup_media keyword (class files), 346–347
begin scripts, JumpStart, 342–343
binding problems (NIS), 247
block devices
Solaris Volume Manager, 139
Zpools, 473
boot environments, maintaining with Solaris Live Upgrade, 456
adding
patches on OS installed boot environments, 459
software packages, 457–458
changing
descriptions of, 460–461
names, 460
deleting inactive boot environments, 459–460
removing
patches on OS installed boot environments, 458
software packages, 456–457
viewing configuration of, 461
boot servers, JumpStart, 324–329
/etc/bootparams, 327
/etc/dfs/dfstab, 327
/etc/ethers, 326
/etc/hosts, 326
/tftpboot, 327
booting
WAN boot client, 431
from local CD/DVD, 431–434
from the OBP interactively, 434–436
from the OBP non-interactively, 436
with DHCP servers, 436–437
zones, 289–291
booting x86 clients, 402
bootlog-cgi, 420
boot_createbe keyword (class files), 348
boot_device keyword (class files), 347
C
Calkins, Bill, 1
certification programs, 5
character devices, Solaris Volume Manager, 139
check script (rules files), 341–342
check script options, 341
checksum, ZFS, 473
child directories, 249
CIDR (classless inter domain routing), description of, 540
class A networks, 539
class B networks, 539
class C networks, 539
class D networks, 539
class files (JumpStart)
archive_location, 344–346
backup_media, 346–347
boot_createbe, 348
boot_device, 347
client_arch, 348–349
client_root, 349
client_swap, 349–350
cluster, 350
filesys, 351–354
forced_deployment, 354
geo, 354–355
install_type, 354
layout_constraint, 355–356
locale, 355–357
local_customization, 357
metadb, 357–358
no_content_check, 358
no_master_check, 358
num_clients, 358
overview, 343–344
package, 358–359
partitioning, 360
patch, 361–362
pool, 360–361
root_device, 362
system_type, 362
testing class files, 363–365
client boot problems, troubleshooting JumpStart, 376
client-side failovers, 78
client/server model, 20
hosts, 20–21
IPv4, 21–22
clients, 20
DNS, 252–254
JumpStart
sample installation, 379–381
setting up, 372–376
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol), 256–257
NFS, 69–70
NIS, 243–244
WAN boot, 563
WAN boot clients, booting, 431
with DHCP servers, 436–437
from local CD/DVD, 431–434
interactively from OBP, 434–436
noninteractively from OBP, 436
client_arch keyword (class files), 348–349
client_root keyword (class files), 349
client_swap keyword (class files), 349–350
destroying, 513
replacing ZFS file systems, 513–514
cloning zones, 302–304
Cluster keyword (class files), 350
Clustered environments, 133
commands
metastat, 137
running in zones, 296
common sense study strategies, 11
components
of ZFS, 481–482
disks in storage pools, 482
files in storage pools, 482–483
concatenated stripes, 134, 548
concatenated volumes, creating, 146–147
SVM, 133–134
configuration diskettes, JumpStart, 332–333
configuration servers, JumpStart, 331–332
configuration diskettes, 332–333
sample installation, 378–379
configuring
JumpStart files, 423–428
SVM, 136
WAN boot files, 423–428
WAN boot servers, 422–423
consolidation (containers), overview, 276
consolidation, 276
resource management, 275–276
versus zones, 275. See also zones
copy-on-write semantics, ZFS, 473–474
core dumps, 542. See also virtual memory
core files
definition of, 542
overview, 63–66
coreadm command, 63, 66, 542–543
-d and –e flag options, 65
options, 64
patterns, 543
coreadm patterns, 64
crash dumps, 543–544
exam question answers, 116–119
exam questions, 109–114
swap spaces for, 58
critical file systems, Solaris Live Upgrade, 439
custom installations. See JumpStart
CX-310-202 exam, i
objectives reference, i–ii
CX-310-203 exam, ii
D
daemons. See individual daemon names
data, destroying in ZFS, 479
data mirroring, 128
data striping, 134–136
concatenated stripes, 134
data striping (RAID 0), 126–127
databases
state databases (SVM)
creating, 141–143
monitoring, 143–144
recovering from problems, 144–146
state databases, SVM, 133
datasets, ZFS, 552
adding to non-global zones, 519–521
delegating to non-global zones, 521–522
delegating ZFS datasets to non-global zones, 521–522
deleting
inactive boot environments, 459–460
zones, 292
dependent keywords, 367
descriptions, changing in boot environments, 460–461
destroying
ZFS clones, 513
ZFS data, 479
ZFS snapshots, 510
detaching devices from mirrored pools, 491–492
devices
adding to ZFS storage pools, 488–489
detaching from mirrored pools, 491–492
replacing in storage pools (ZFS), 515–517
storage pools, 489–490
taking offline and online, 492–493
dfmounts command, 78
dfshares command, 74
DHCP
PXE (Preboot Execution Environment), 392
configuring the server, 393–401
preparing for, 393
PXE clients, 392
X86 clients, 401
DHCP servers
booting WAN boot clients, 436–437
configuring for SPARC-based clients, 323
differential Flash Archives, creating, 390
direct map fields, 90
naming, 89
disk reads, 134–135
disk scrubbing, ZFS, 514
disk sets, 133
disk storage, SVM volumes, 124, 133. See also SVM
disk writes, 134–135
disks in ZFS storage pools, 482
displaying
MAC addresses, 23
network information with snoop, 42
ZFS storage pool information, 484–488
clients, configuring, 252–254
name service exception, 220
domain name keywords (JumpStart), 367–369
domains, NIS (planning), 233–234
dontuse keyword (class files), 351, 363
drivers, Metadisk driver, 132, 139
dry run installations, 363
options, 544
duration values, 83
E
e flags
coreadm, 65
r option, 194
errors
NFS: service not responding error, 80
No such file or directory error, 81
RPC: Program not registered error, 80
RPC: Unknown host error, 81
Server not responding error, 81
etc files, 556
overview, 226
etc/auth_attr databases, 197–199
etc/auto master, 85–86
etc/bootparams, JumpStart, 327
etc/defaultdomain, 30
etc/defaultrouter, 30
etc/dfs/dfstab, 71–74
JumpStart, 327
etc/ethers, JumpStart, 326
etc/exec_attr databases, 201–203
etc/hostname.*interface* files, 26
etc/hostname.interface, 540
etc/hosts, JumpStart, 326
etc/inet/netmasks, 29–31
etc/inetd.conf file, 31
etc/mnttab, 87–89
etc/nscd.conf, attributes, 258–259
etc/nsswitch.conf, 223–225, 557
etc/prof_attr databases, 199–201
etc/services files, 34
etc/syslog.conf, 204
etc/user_attr databases, 195–197
etc/vfstab, swap spaces, 60
exam question answers, 116–119
crash dumps, 116–119
Flash Archives, 412–413
JumpStart, 412–413
name services, 269–270
networks, 46
NFS, 116–119
PXE (Preboot Execution Environment), 412–413
RBAC (Role-Based Access Control), 214–215
SVM, 184
swap spaces, 116–119
syslog, 214–215
zones, 312–313
exam questions
autoFS, 109–114
crash dumps, 109–114
name services, 264–268
networks, 43–44
NFS, 109–114
PXE (Preboot Execution Environment), 407–411
RBAC (Role-Based Access Control), 211–213
SVM, 181–182
swap spaces, 109–114
syslog, 211–213
WAN boot, 463–466
answers to, 466–467
zones, 308–310
exams
advice for taking, 6–7
CX-310-202, objectives reference, i–ii
CX-310-203, ii
practice exams, 565–581
preparing for, 11–12
exec attr database, 201
execution attributes database, RBAC, 201
exercises
autoFS, 108–109
JumpStart, 404–407
name services, 262–264
networks, 41–42
NFS, 106–108
RBAC, 210–211
SVM, 180
swap spaces, 105–106
for ZFS, 524–525
F
f versus f, 292
facilities (syslog), 205
file ownership, WAN boot files, 427
file systems. See also remote file systems
expanding with SVM, 153–156
troubleshooting, 174–176
ZFS, 550
managing, 553–554
files
wanboot.conf file, 428–430
in ZFS storage pools, 482–483
filesys mirror options, 353
finish scripts, JumpStart, 343
flags, Coreadm, 65
flar command, 560
flarcreate command, 383–386, 390, 560
Flash Archives, 560–561. See also Solaris Flash
differential Flash Archives, 390
exam question answers, 412–413
installing with Solaris installation, 387–389
JumpStart, 391–392
overview, 382
forced_deployment keyword (class files), 354
G
gcore command, 544
geo keyword (class files), 354–355
getent command, 260
GIDs, resolving duplicates, 238
global zones, 558
description of, 277. See also zones
features of, 279
group files, creating, 238
GRUB menu, Alternate boot environments, 454
H
halting zones, 290
hardware, networks, 21
hardware addresses, 21
hardware requirements, for ZFS, 475
hierarchical namespaces, NIS+, 249
history of ZFS, 494
host files, creating, 239
hostnames, 21
changing, 541
hosts
client/server model, 20–21
names, changing, 29–30
overview, 20–21
hosts databases, 27
hot spares, 133
I
ifconfig utility. See also network interfaces
configuring, 26
ifdef statements, 204. See also syslog
indirect maps, 93–97
inetadm command, 31–33
inetconv command, 31
initial zone login, 293
install servers (JumpStart), 329–331
sample installation, 376–377
installation setup (JumpStart), troubleshooting, 375
installations, JumpStart. See JumpStart
installing
Solaris Live Upgrade, 438–439
zones, 289
install_type keyword (class files), 354
interfaces (network), configuring, 540–541
interlaces, 134
internet addresses, 21
iostat command, 137
IP addresses, 22
ipnodes databases, 541
IPv4, client/server model, 21–22
IPv4 addresses
cautions, 22
overview, 21
planning for, 22
IPv4 network interfaces. See also network interfaces
configuring, 26–28
/etc/hostname.*interface* file, 26
/etc/inet/hosts file, 27–28
/lib/svc/method/net-physical file, 26
J
journaling process, ZFS file system, 473
begin scripts, 342–343
boot servers, 324–329
/etc/bootparams, 327
/etc/dfs/dfstab, 327
/etc/ethers, 326
/etc/hosts, 326
/tftpboot, 327
class files
backup_media, 346–347
boot_createbe, 348
boot_device, 347
client_arch, 348–349
client_root, 349
client_swap, 349–350
cluster, 350
filesys, 351–354
forced_deployment, 354
geo, 354–355
install_type, 354
layout_constraint, 355–356
locale, 355–357
local_customization, 357
metadb, 357–358
no_content_check, 358
no_master_check, 358
num_clients, 358
overview, 343–344
package, 358–359
partitioning, 360
patch, 361–362
pool, 360–361
root_device, 362
system_type, 362
testing class files, 363–365
clients, setting up, 372–376
commands, list of, 319
components of, 319–320, 559–560
configuration servers, 331–332
configuration diskettes, 332–333
custom installation process, 321
/etc/bootparams, 327
exam question answers, 412–413
exercises, 404–407
files, configuring, 423–428
finish scripts, 343
Flash Archives, 391–392
install servers, 329–331
name service environments, 372
overview, 318–319
preparing for, 320–321
rules files
check script, 341–342
matches, 340
requirements of, 337
syntax of, 336–337
rules keywords, 338–340
rules values, 338–340
sample installation
clients, setting up, 379–381
configuration servers, setting up, 378–379
install servers, setting up, 376–377
JumpStart directories, creating, 377–378
SPARC, 322
sysidcfg files, 366–367
name service keywords, 367, 369
network keywords, 369–370
root passwords, setting, 370
time servers, setting, 371
/tftpboot, 327
troubleshooting, 375–376
client boot problems, 376
installation setup, 375
X86/x64 systems, 323–324
K
keywords, dependent keywords, 367
Kill –HUP, 207
L
layers, network layers, 537–538
layout_constraint keyword (class files), 355–356
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
clients, 256–257
listing client properties, 257
modifying clients, 257
overview, 254–255, 558. See also DNS
Sun Java System Directory Server, 255–256
uninitializing clients, 257
learning processes, 9
legacy mount points, ZFS file systems, 502–504
level field (syslog), 205
levels of RAID, 125
lib/svc/method/net-physical files, 26
listing LDAP client properties, 257
live Upgrade Patch, 438
locale keyword (class files), 355–357
local_customization keyword (class files), 357
logger command, 208
logical driver. See metadisk driver
logins, zones. See zlogin
lu command, 440
luactivate, 440
activating new boot environments, 450–452
SPARC platforms, 455
X86/x64 platforms, 452–454
lucancel, 440
lucompare, 440
lucreate, 440
creating new boot environments, 441–445
in another root pool, 445–446
lucurr, 440
ludelete, 440
lufslist, 440
lumake, 440
lumount, 440
lurename, 440
lustatus command, 447
luupgrade, 440
upgrading new boot environments, 447–449
M
MAC addresses
displaying, 23
monitoring, 22
macro/micro study strategies, 10
maintaining boot environments (Solaris Live Upgrade), 456
adding
patches on OS installed boot environments, 459
software packages, 457–458
changing
descriptions of, 460–461
names, 460
deleting inactive boot environments, 459–460
removing
patches on OS installed boot environments, 458
software packages, 456–457
viewing configuration of, 461
makefiles, preparing, 241
management commands, NIS, 235
mapping, description of, 251
maps. See also NIS
AutoFS
indirect maps, 93–97
master maps, 85–89
overview, 85
naming, 89
creating custom maps, 245–246
passwd maps, 246
where to generate, 230
master files, creating, 240
master group files, creating, 238
master host files, creating, 239
master maps, 85–89
master passwd files, creating, 236–237
master servers
NIS
configuring, 234–236
ypinit, 241–242
starting/stopping NIS, 242–243
menu.lst file, 454
metaclear command, options, 147
metadb command, 137, 357, 549–550
options, 142
state databases, creating, 142
metadb keyword (class files), 357–358
Metainit command, 146–147
options, 146–147
for creating soft partitions, 151
mirrors, creating, 156–157
metastat command, 137–138, 149–150
options, 150
migrating zones, 300–302
mirrored storage pools, 483
converting from nonredundant pools, 490–491
detaching devices, 491–492
replacing disks in, 516–517
mirroring, 128
root file systems, 162–166, 169
on x86-based systems, 166–172
unmirroring, 173–174
unmirroring systems, 159–160
creating, 156–159
root file systems, troubleshooting, 174–176
submirrors, placing offline, 160–162
ZFS, 552
mkfile command, swap spaces, 60–62
modifying
existing zones, 299–300
LDAP clients, 257
monitoring swap resources, 55–57
mount command, NFS, 74–78
mounting ZFS file systems, 500–502
legacy mount points, 502–504
moving zones, 300
N
name Service Cache Daemon. See nscd
name service keywords (JumpStart), 367–369
name services. See also LDAP
DNS exception, 220
exam question answers, 269–270
exam questions, 264–268
exercises, 262–264
getent command, 260
JumpStart, setting up, 372
overview, 220–221
source status codes, 225
sources, 225
switch files, 222–226
Switch template files, 557
name-to-address resolutions. See mapping
names, changing in boot environments, 460
naming
ZFS file system, 478
ZFS snapshots, 510
naming services
DNS, 558
/etc files, 556
LDAP, 558
NIS, 556–557
NIS+, 557–558
overview, 555–556
native read-only ZFS properties, 495–496
netstat command, 37–38
network File System, 52
network hardware, overview, 21
network information, displaying with snoop, 42
network Interface Card (NIC), 538
network interfaces, 22
/etc/hostname.[lt]interface[gt] files, 26
/etc/inet/hosts files, 27
/etc/inet/netmasks files, 29
/lib/svc/method/net-physical files, 26
overview, 26
system hostnames, 29–30
controlling, 22–25
network keywords (JumpStart), 369–370
network layers, list of, 537–538
network maintenance
overview, 36–39
verifying operation of, 37–39
network services
overview, 31–34
RPC services, 34–36
networking zones, 281
networks
CIDR, 540
class A networks, 539
class B networks, 539
class C networks, 539
class D networks, 539
components of, 538
exam question answers, 46
exam questions, 43–44
exercises, 41–42
NFS services, 545–546
NFS (Network File System), 69
AutoFS, 547
overview, 82–85
automount command. See automount command
clients/servers, 69
daemons, 70
exam question answers, 116–119
exam questions, 109–114
exercises, 106–108
mount command, 75
overview, 68–69
remote file systems, mounting, 74–78
server logging, 78–79
servers and clients, 70
setting up, 71–74
swap spaces, 62
troubleshooting errors, 80
NFS server not responding, still trying message, 81
NFS: service not responding error, 80
No such file or directory error, 81
RPC: Program not registered error, 80
RPC: Unknown host error, 81
Server not responding error, 81
Stale NFS file handle message, 80
version 4, 69
NFS daemons, list of, 546
NFS server not responding, still trying message, 81
NFS services, 545–546
NFS: service not responding error, 80
NIC (Network Interface Card), 538
NIS (Network Information Service)
binding problems, 247
clients, setting up, 243–244
daemons, 234
determining hosts as servers, 229
determining servers needed, 228–229
domains, planning, 233–234
makefiles, preparing, 241
maps. See maps
master files, creating, 240
master group files, creating, 238
master host files, creating, 239
master passwd files, creating, 236–237
master servers, configuring, 234–236
security, 246–247
server problems, 248
slave servers, 244–245
SMF, 243
starting/stopping, 242–243
structure of, 227–228
Ypinit, 241–242
NIS commands, 235
NIS daemons, 234
NIS+
authorization, 250–251
hierarchical namespaces, 249
principals, 249
security, 249
No such file or directory error, 81
nonglobal zones, 558
description of, 277. See also zones
features of, 279–280
root file system models, 280–281
nonredundant pools, converting to mirrored pools, 490–491
no_content_check keyword (class files), 358
no_master_check keyword (class files), 358
nscd (Name Service Cache Daemon). See also name services
command options, 259
overview, 258–260
num_clients keyword (class files), 358
nvalias command, 166
O
object sets, ZFS file systems, 480
objects, Volume Manager objects, 177
OBP (OpenBoot PROM), 419
interactively booting WAN boot client, 434–436
noninteractively booting WAN boot client, 436
offlining devices, 493
optional parameters field (filesys), 352
optional parameters options (file sys), 352
options
coreadm command, 64
logger command, 208
metaclear command, 147
metadb command, 142
metainit command, 146–147
mirrors, creating, 156–157
soft partitions, creating, 151
metastat command, 150
nscd command options, 259
roleadd command, 191
rolemod command, 193
OS installed boot environments
adding patches, 459
removing patches from, 458
P
package keyword (class files), 358–359
pages, space allocation, 53
paging, description of, 53
parameters, wanboot.conf, 429
partitioning keyword (class files), 360
partitions, creating soft partitions, 150–152
passwd files, creating, 236–237
passwd maps, 246
patch keyword (class files), 361–362
performing Solaris Live Upgrade from local DVDs, 449
pfinstall command
class files (testing), 363–365
options, 364
physical memory, description of, 52–53. See also RAM
ping, 36
conditions for success, 24
ping success, conditions for, 24
pool keyword (class files), 360–361
pool1 command, 477
pools, ZFS, 552
practice exam, 565–581
answers to, 583–590
preparing for exam, 11–12
pretesting, importance of, 11
principals, NIS+, 249
processes, Solaris Live Upgrade, 439–440
activating new boot environments, 450–452
creating new boot environments, 441–446
displaying the status of new boot environments, 447
luactivate
on SPARC platforms, 455
on x86/x64 platforms, 452–454
upgrading new boot environments, 447–449
prof attr database, 199
profile diskettes. See configuration diskettes
profile names, 199. See also /etc/prof_attr databases
properties
listing LDAP client properties, 257
ZFS, 494–497
native read-only ZFS properties, 495–496
settable ZFS properties, 496–497
setting, 497–500
pseudo driver. See metadisk driver
PXE (Preboot Execution Environment)
configuring DHCP servers, 393–401
exam question answers, 412–413
exam questions, 407–411
overview, 392
preparing for, 393
R
RAID (Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks), 124–125
levels of, 125
overview, 125
RAID 0+1 (mirrored stripe), 130
RAID 1+0, 130
SVM, 548–549
ZFS, 476
RAID 0 (concatenated), creating volumes, 146–149
RAID 0+1 (mirrored stripe), 130
RAID 5, 548
RAID-Z, 476
storage pools, 484
ZFS, 552
RAM (random-access memory), 52
RARP (reverse address resolution protocol), 327
JumpStart, 325
raw devices, Solaris Volume Manager, 139
RBAC (Role-Based Access Control), 189
authorizations databases, 197–199
components of, 195
exam question answers, 214–215
exam questions, 211–213
execution attributes databases, 201–203
exercises, 210–211
extended user attributes databases, 195–197
rights profiles databases, 199–201
utilizing, 190–194
read policies, 134–135
ready state, zones (transitioning to), 289–290
rebooting zones, 291
recipients (hosts), 20
Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks. See RAID
Regional Internet registries (RIRs), 21
registering Sun Connection Services, 101
remote file systems, mounting, 74–78
removing
patches on OS installed boot environments, 458
software packages from boot environments, 456–457
ZFS file systems, 479–480
ZFS storage pools, 480–481
renaming
ZFS file system, 478
ZFS snapshots, 510
replacing
devices in storage pools (ZFS), 515–517
ZFS file systems with ZFS clones, 513–514
replicas, 90
requirements
for Solaris Live Upgrade, 438
for ZFS, 553
hardware and software requirements, 475
resilvering ZFS, 552
resource management (containers), 275–276
restoring ZFS snapshots, 510
review exercises, zones, 306–307
rights profiles (prof attr) database, RBAC, 199
RIRs (regional Internet registries), 21
Role-Based Access Control. See RBAC
roleadd command, 190–192
roledel command, 194
rolemod command, 193–194
rolling back ZFS snapshots, 511–512
root file system models (zones)
overview, 280
sparse root zones, 281
whole root zones, 281
root file systems
on x86-based systems, 166–172
mirrors, troubleshooting, 174–176
unmirroring, 173–174
ZFS, 517–518
root passwords (JumpStart), setting, 370
root pools, creating new boot environments, 445–446
root_device keyword (class files), 362
RPC (remote procedure calls), 34–36
RPC services, 34–36
RPC: Program not registered error, 80
RPC: Unknown host error, 81
rules files (JumpStart)
check script, 341–342
matches, 340
overview, 333–336
requirements of, 337
syntax of, 336–337
rules keywords (JumpStart), 338–340
rules values (JumpStart), 338–340
S
saving ZFS snapshots, 510
scores, 12
secure nets files, 246–247
security
NIS, 246–247
NIS+, 249
senders (hosts), 20
server logging (NFS), 78–79
Server not responding error, NFS, 81
server problems (NIS), 248
servers, 20
DHCP servers, Booting WAN boot clients, 436–437
NFS, 69–70
WAN boot servers, 421–422
configuring, 422–423
services (network)
overview, 31–34
RPC services, 34–36
settable ZFS properties, 496–497
NFS, 71–73
shareable file systems, Solaris Live Upgrade, 440
shared resources, 71. See also NFS
sharenfs property, 505
sharing ZFS file systems, 504–506
showmount command, 84–85
[lt]size[gt] values (filesys), 351–352
Sizing swap space, 4
Slave servers (NIS), 244–245
[lt]slice[gt] values (filesys), 351
SMC (Solaris Management Console), 140
SMF, NIS, 243
creating, 508
destroying, 510
listing, 509
renaming, 510
rolling back, 511–512
saving and restoring, 510
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol), trap generating daemon, 138–139
displaying network information, 42
soft partitions, 32–133
creating, 150–152
software packages
adding to boot environments, 457–458
removing from boot environments, 456–457
software requirements for ZFS, 475
Solaris Flash, 560–561. See also Flash Archives
Solaris Live Upgrade, 437–438, 563–564
commands, 440
installing, 438–439
maintaining boot environments, 456
adding patches on OS installed boot environments, 459
adding software packages, 457–458
changing descriptions of, 460–461
changing names, 460
deleting inactive boot environments, 459–460
removing patches on OS installed boot environments, 458
removing software packages, 456–457
viewing configuration of, 461
performing from local DVDs, 449
processes, 439–440
activating new boot environments, 450–452
creating new boot environments, 441–446
displaying the status of new boot environments, 447
luactivate on SPARC platforms, 455
luactivate on x86/x64 platforms, 452–454
upgrading new boot environments, 447–449
requirements for, 438
upgrading from Flash Archive from a DVD, 450
Solaris Management Console (SMC), 140
Solaris Volume Manager. See SVM
Solaris zones. See also zones
ZFS, 518–519
adding ZFS datasets to nonglobal zones, 519–521
delegating ZFS datasets to nonglobal zones, 521–522
source status codes, name services, 225
sources, name services, 225
SPARC, JumpStart, 322
SPARC platform, luactivate, 455
SPARC systems, as install servers, 393
Sparse root zones, 281
Spray services, enabling/disabling, 33
stale NFS file handle message, troubleshooting NFS errors, 80
state databases (SVM), 133, 549–550
creating, 141–143
monitoring, 143–144
recovering from problems, 144–146
statements, ifdef, 204
states
ZFS, 552–553
zones, 278
mirrored storage pools, 483
RAID-Z, 484
adding devices to, 488–489
converting nonredundant pools to mirrored pools, 490–491
devices, 489–490
removing, 480–481
replacing devices, 515–517
taking devices offline and online, 492–493
storage volumes, 124, 133. See also SVM
stripes, 126–127, 134–136, 548
concatenated stripes, 134
striping
with distributed parity (RAID 5), 129–130
with parity (RAID 5), 135
study strategies
active strategies, 10
commonsense strategies, 11
macro/micro strategies, 10
overview, 10
submirrors, 134–135, 548. See also mirrors
placing offline, 160–162
subnets, booting on, 327
Sun Connection Services, registering, 101
Sun Java System Directory Server, 256. See also LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
Sun Update Connection, 98
Sun Update Connection Proxy, 98
Sun Update Connection service, 97
Update Manager, 98–103
Update Manager Proxy, 103
Sun Update Manager, 98–103
Sun Update Manager Proxy, 103
SunSolve Patch and Updates Portal, 98
supernetting. See CIDR
Superuser access, assigning with RBAC (Role-Based Access Control), 190
Svcadm command, 207
Svccfg command, 31
SVM (Solaris Volume Manager), 130–132
commands, 139–140
concatenated volumes, creating, 146–147
configurations planning, 136–139
disk sets, 133
exam question answers, 184
exam questions, 181–182
exercises, 180
hot spare pool, 137
mirroring root file systems, 162–166, 169
mirrors
troubleshooting, 174–176
objects, 547
placing submirror offline, 160–162
RAIDs, 548–549
SNMP trap generating daemon, 138–139
soft partitions, 132
creating, 150–152
creating, 141–143
monitoring, 143–144
recovering from problems, 144–146
unmirroring systems, 159–160
root file systems, 173–174
volume statuses, monitoring, 149–150
volumes, 132
concatenated stripes, 134
concatenations, 133–134
expanding, 153–156
mirrors, 134–135
overview, 133
RAID 5, 135
stripes, 134–136
swap -l command, 56
swap -s command, 57
swap command, 542
swap files, 542. See also core dumps
swap monitoring tools, 56
swap spaces
caluclations, 57
crash dump space, 58
deleting, 62–63
/etc/vfstab, 60
exam question answers, 116–119
exam questions, 109–114
exercises, 105–106
monitoring resources, 55–57
NFS, 62
overview, 52–53
permissions, 61
setting up, 58–62
sizing, 54
TMPFS, 53–54
troubleshooting, 55
swapfs, 53. See also swap spaces
swaps, definition of, 542
switch files, name services, 222–226
switch template files (name services), 557
sys-unconfig command, 541
sysidcfg files
installing, 294
JumpStart, 366–367
name service keywords, 367–369
name services, 372
network keywords, 369–370
root passwords, setting, 370
time servers, setting, 371
zones, configuring, 294
syslog
exam question answers, 214–215
exam questions, 211–213
logger command, 208
overview, 203–208
syslogd daemon, 203–204
system hostnames, changing, 29–30
system_type keyword (class files), 362
T
tftpboot, JumpStart, 327
time limits, 11
time servers (JumpStart), setting, 371
tips for success, 12–14
TMPFS (temporary file system), 53–54. See also swap spaces
tools, swap monitoring tools, 56
trigger nodes, 87
troubleshooting
JumpStart, 375
client boot problems, 376
installation setup, 375
NFS errors, 80
NFS server not responding, still trying message, 81
NFS: service not responding error, 80
No such file or directory error, 81
PRC: Program not registered error, 80
RPC: Unknown host error, 81
Server not responding error, 81
Stale NFS file handle message, 80
Trusted Solaris, 202
U
UFS (UNIX file systems), 53
UFS files, in ZFS storage pools, 482–483
UIDs, resolving duplicates, 237
umount command, 78. See also mount command
uname command, 165
uninitializing LDAP clients, 257
uninstalling zones, 291
UNIX file systems (UFS), 53
UnixEd.com, 7
unmirroring root file systems, 173–174
Update Manager, Sun Update Connection service, 98–103
Update Manager Proxy, Sun Update Connection service, 103
upgrading
Flash Archive from DVD, Solaris Live Update, 450
new boot environments, 447–449
usedisk keyword (class files), 351, 363
user attr database, 196
usermod command, 192
usernames, resolving duplicates, 237
V
validating rules files, 341–342
verifying operation of networks, 37–39
Veritas Volume Manager, overview, 176–178
viewing configurations of boot environments, 461
virtual devices, ZFS, 552
virtual memory, 53, 542. See also swap files; swap spaces
virtual swap spaces, description of, 53
virtual volume management, SVM, 133
virtual volumes, 124. See also SVM
volume Manager objects, 177–178
volumes
defined, 132
managing. See SVM
RAID 0 (concatenated), creating, 146–148
RAID 0 (stripe), creating, 149
Veritas Volume Manager, 176–178
ZFS, 552
W
clients, 563
exam questions, 463–466
answers, 466–467
files, configuring, 423–428
processes, 421
requirements for, 418–419, 561
wanboot.conf file, 428–430
WAN boot client, booting, 431
with DHCP servers, 436–437
from local CD/DVD, 431–434
interactively from OBP, 434–436
noninteractively from OBP, 436
WAN boot file system, 420
WAN boot miniroot, 420
WAN boot servers, 421–422
configuring, 422–423
wanboot program, 420
wanboot-cgi, 420
wanboot.conf, 420
wanboot.conf file, 428–430
WANs (wide area networks), 418
Web-based interfaces, ZFS, 506–507
whole root zones, 281
wide area networks. See WANs
write policies, 135
X
X64 systems, JumpStart, 323–324
X86 clients
booting, 402
DHCP, 401
X86 systems
JumpStart, 323–324
Preserve, 347
X86-based systems, mirroring root file systems, 166–172
X86/x64 platform, luactivate, 452–454
Y
Yellow Pages, 556
ypcat command, 233
ypinit, 241–242
ypserv, 242
Z
z option
zlogin, 296
etc files, 556
overview, 226
etc/auth_attr databases, 197–199
etc/auto master85–86
ZFS (Zettabyte File System), 472
administration, 474
basic file systems, creating, 476–478
clones, 512–513
destroying, 513
replacing ZFS file systems, 513–514
components of, 481–482
disks in storage pools, 482
files in storage pools, 482–483
copy-on-write semantics, 473–474
disk scrubbing, 514
exam questions, 525–533
exercises for, 524–525
file systems, 550
managing, 553–554
hardware and software requirements, 475
history of, 494
mirrored storage pools, 483
object sets, 480
overview, 472
properties, 494–497
native read-only ZFS properties, 495–496
settable ZFS properties, 496–497
setting, 497–500
RAID configurations, 476
requirements for, 553
root pool, 518
snapshots, 508
creating, 508
destroying, 510
listing, 509
renaming, 510
rolling back, 511–512
saving and restoring, 510
Solaris zones, 518–519
adding ZFS datasets to nonglobal zones, 519–521
delegating ZFS datasets to nonglobal zones, 521–522
states, 552–553
storage pools, 472–473, 550–551
adding devices to, 488–489
attaching devices, 489–490
converting nonredundant pools to mirrored pools, 490–491
detaching devices from mirrored pools, 491–492
displaying information, 484–488
removing, 480–481
replacing devices, 515–517
taking devices offline and online, 492–493
terminology for, 474–475
terms for, 552
Web-based management GUI, 506–507
zfs destroy command, 513
ZFS file systems, 473
listing, 478–479
mounting, 500–502
legacy mount points, 502–504
removing, 479–480
renaming, 478
sharing, 504–506
zfs mount command, 500
zfs rename command, 510
zfs rollback command, 511
ZFS root file system, 517–518
zfs set command, 497
z option, 296
initial logins, 293
overview, 292–293
zone console, logging in, 294–295
zone console, logging in, 294–295
zoneadm command, 300
zoneadmd, description of, 282
zonecfg command, 558
overview, 283–287
properties/parameters, 285–286
resource types, 284–285
subcommands, 283–284
zones
backing up, 304
booting, 289–290
cloning, 302–304
commands, running in zones, 296
configuration files, viewing, 299
configurations, viewing, 287–289
configuring. See zonecfg command
versus containers, 275. See also containers
creating, 296–299
daemons, 282
deleting, 292
exam question answers, 312–313
exam questions, 308–310
f versus f, 292
global zones
description of, 277
features of, 279
halting, 290
installing, 289
logging in, 295. See also zlogin
migrating, 300–302
modifying existing, 299–300
moving, 300
networking, 281
non-global zones
description of, 277
features of, 279–280
practice exercises, 306–307
rebooting, 291
root file system models
overview, 280
sparse root zones, 281
whole root zones, 281
sysidcfg files, utilizing, 294
uninstalling, 291
zone states, 278
zpool attach command, 489
zpool create command, 477, 484
zpool destroy command, 480
zpool detach command, 491
zpool history command, 494
zpool offline command, 492
zpool replace command, 515
zpool scrub command, 514
zpool status command, 516
zsched, description of, 282