Contents
About the Author
About LIDO
Acknowledgments
Introduction: Understanding the Broadband Evolution
Part I Communications Fundamentals
Chapter 1 Telecommunications Technology Fundamentals
Transmission Lines
Circuits
Channels
Lines and Trunks
Virtual Circuits
Types of Network Connections
The Electromagnetic Spectrum and Bandwidth
The Electromagnetic Spectrum
Bandwidth
Analog and Digital Transmission
Analog Transmission
Digital Transmission
Analog Versus Digital Transmission
Conversion: Codecs and Modems
Multiplexing
FDM
TDM
STDM
Intelligent Multiplexing
Inverse Multiplexing
WDM, DWDM, and CWDM
Political and Regulatory Forces in Telecommunications
Regulatory Background
The Policy and Regulatory Players
The Main Regulatory Issues
Internet Governance
Standards Organizations
Chapter 2 Traditional Transmission Media
Twisted-Pair
Characteristics of Twisted-Pair
Categories of Twisted-Pair
Applications of Twisted-Pair
Analog and Digital Twisted-Pair
Advantages and Disadvantages of Twisted-Pair
Coaxial Cable
Characteristics of Coaxial Cable
Applications of Coaxial Cable
Advantages and Disadvantages of Coaxial Cable
Microwave
Characteristics of Microwave
Traditional Applications of Microwave
Advantages and Disadvantages of Microwave
The New Era of Microwave: Wireless Broadband
Satellite
Frequency Allocations of Satellite
Satellite Network Segments
Satellite Orbits
Applications of Satellite
Advantages and Disadvantages of Satellite
Fiber Optics
Characteristics of Fiber Optics
Components of Fiber Optics
How Fiber-Optic Transmission Works
Innovations in Fiber Optics: EDFAs and WDM
Applications of Fiber Optics
Advantages and Disadvantages of Fiber Optics
Chapter 3 Establishing Communications Channels
Establishing Connections: Networking Modes and Switching Modes
Networking Modes
Switching Modes
The PSTN Versus the Internet
PSTN Characteristics
Internet Characteristics
Converging Networks: Next-Generation Networks
Chapter 4 The PSTN
The PSTN Infrastructure
Service Providers
Network Access
Access Services
Transport Services
PSTN Architecture
The Transport Network Infrastructure
The PDH Infrastructure
The SDH/SONET Infrastructure
Signaling Systems
SS7 Architecture
Intelligent Networks
AINs
SS7 and Next-Generation Networks
Next-Generation Networks and the PSTN
Part II Data Networking and the Internet
Chapter 5 Data Communications Basics
The Evolution of Data Communications
Data Communications Architectures
Data Communications Traffic
Data Flow
The DTE, the DCE, the Transmission Channel, and the Physical Interface
Modems and Modulation
Simplex, Half-Duplex, and Full-Duplex Data Transmission
Coding Schemes: ASCII, EBCDIC, Unicode, and Beyond
Transmission Modes: Asynchronous and Synchronous Transmission
Error Control
The OSI Reference Model and the TCP/IP Reference Model
The OSI Seven-Layer Reference Model
The TCP/IP Four-Layer Reference Model
The TCP Stack Versus the OSI Model
Chapter 6 Local Area Networking
LAN Basics
LAN Concepts and Benefits
LAN Components
LAN Characteristics
LAN Transmission Media
LAN Transport Techniques and Standards
LAN Access Methods
LAN Topologies
LAN Interconnection and Internetworking
Hubs
LAN Switches
VLANs
Bridges
Routers
IP Switches
Chapter 7 Wide Area Networking
Circuit-Switched Networks
Networks Based on Leased Lines
Networks Based on ISDN
Packet-Switched Networks
X.25
Frame Relay
ATM
IP and ATM
Chapter 8 The Internet and IP Infrastructures
Internet Basics
A Brief History of the Internet
What the Internet Is and How It Works
Internet Protocols
Internet Network Architectures
Internet Addressing and Address Resolution
Addressing and Routing Schemes
IPv4 Addressing
IPv6 Addressing
DNS
The Organization of the Internet
The Evolution of the POP Architecture
Internet Challenges and Changes
Service Providers and Interconnection
IP QoS
QoS Mechanisms
Queuing Mechanisms
The IP QoS Continuum
What’s Next on the Internet
The Next-Generation Internet
The Interplanetary Internet
Internet-Enabled Devices
RFID Applications
SIP Telephony
Digital Objects and Libraries
The Semantic Web
Part III The New Generation of Networks
Chapter 9 IP Services
The Evolution to IP Services
IPT
The IPT Evolution
The IPT Network
Standards for IP Voice
VoIP Call-Signaling Protocols
ENUM: Telephone Number Mapping
IPTV
IPTV Versus Streaming Media
The IPTV Architecture
VPNs
Key VPN Concepts
Types of IP VPNs
VPN Security
Chapter 10 Next-Generation Networks
The Broadband Evolution
Communications Traffic Trends
Communications Backbone Trends
Communications Bandwidth Trends
Communications Application Trends
Broadband Applications
Multimedia Networking Requirements
Digital Video
Television Standards
The Broadband Infrastructure
Converging Public Infrastructures
Broadband Service Requirements
Next-Generation Networks and Convergence
Convergence in Different Industry Segments
Arguments for Convergence
Regulatory Effects on Convergence
Converging Public Infrastructures
Convergence in the Service Environment
The Next-Generation Network Infrastructure
The IP Multimedia Subsystem
The Next-Generation Network Architecture
The Multiservice Intelligent Edge
Quality of Service
The MPLS Architecture
Chapter 11 Optical Networking
Optical Networking Today and Tomorrow
Drivers of Optical Networking
Network Reality Today
Bandwidth Abundance
End-to-End Optical Networking
Optical Line Amplifiers: EDFAs, Raman Amplifiers, and SOAs
WDM Equipment
OADMs
Optical Switches
Integrated Photonic Circuits
Optical Network Management
The Optical Edge
Next-Generation Digital Loop Carriers
PONs
MSPPs
The Optical Core: Overlay Versus Peer-to-Peer Networking Models
The Overlay Model
The Peer-to-Peer Model
The Overlay and Peer-to-Peer Models Compared
The IP+Optical Control Plane
GMPLS
UNI
ASON
The Migration to Optical Networking
Chapter 12 Broadband Access Alternatives
Drivers of Broadband Access
DSL Technology
How DSL Works
Characteristics and Properties of DSL
HDSL
SDSL
G.SHDSL
ADSL
ADSL2
ADSL2+
ADSL2-RE
RADSL
VDSL
VDSL2
Cable TV Networks
HFC Architecture
Cable Modems and CMTSs
Cable Modem Standards
The Future of Cable TV Networks
Fiber Solutions
FTTx
PONs
Wireless Broadband
Broadband PLT
PLT Architecture
The Future of PLT
HANs
The HAN Market, Applications, and Elements
Types of HANs
HAN Gateways and Servers
Planning for the Future of HANs
Part IV Wireless Communications
Chapter 13 Wireless Communications Basics
A Brief History of Wireless Telecommunications
Wireless Communications Regulations Issues
Wireless Impairments
Antennas
Phased-Array Antennas
Magnetic Polarization Antennas
MIMO Antennas
Wireless Bandwidth
Wireless Signal Modulation
Single-Carrier Modulation Techniques
Multicarrier Modulation Techniques
Spectrum Utilization
Using the Available Radio Spectrum
Duplexing Techniques
Compression Techniques
Chapter 14 Wireless WANs
1G: Analog Transmission
1G Analog Cellular Networks
1G Wireless Data Networks
2G: Digital Cellular Radio
GSM
UWC
cdmaOne
PDC
2.5G: Enhanced Data Services
HSCSD
GPRS
EDGE
GERAN
Messaging Services Standards
3G: Moving Toward Broadband Wireless
3G Standards
3G Deployment Issues
Beyond 3G
4G: Wireless Broadband
5G: Intelligent Technologies
Chapter 15 WMANs, WLANs, and WPANs
WMANs
BFWA
IEEE 802.16 (WiMax)
WiBro
IEEE 802.20 (Mobile-Fi)
ETSI BRAN
iBurst
Flash-OFDM
DMB
VF
WLANs
Wi-Fi
IEEE 802.11x Standards
WLAN Security
VoWLAN
The Integration of WLANs and Cellular Networks
Mesh Networks
WPANs
IEEE 802.15.1 (Bluetooth)
IEEE 802.15.3 (WPAN-HR and WPAN-AHR)
UWB
IEEE 802.15.4 (ZigBee)
RFID
NFC
Chapter 16 Emerging Wireless Applications
The Handset Revolution
From Mobile Phones to Multimedia Handsets
Software-Defined Radio
Cognitive Radio
Mobile IP
The IP Multimedia Subsystem
Push-to-Talk
Presence-Based Services
Mobile Gaming
Mobile Game Categories
Mobile Game Platforms
Mobile Video
Mobile TV
DMB
DVB-H
ISDB
MediaFLO
Mobile Content
Glossary
Index
