Foreword

Acknowledgments

About the Author

Chapter 1 Introduction

Why Is There a Need for This Book?

Who Can Benefit from Reading This Book?

The Need for Universal Data Models

A Holistic Approach to Systems Development

What Is the Intent of This Book and These Models?

What Is New in the Second Edition of the Data Model Resource Book?

Conventions and Standards Used in This Book

Entities

Subtypes and Supertypes

Non-Mutually Exclusive Sets of Subtypes

Attributes

Relationships

Relationship Optionality

Relationship Cardinality

Foreign Key Relationships

Foreign Key Inheritance

Intersection or Association Entities to Handle Many-to-Many Relationships

Exclusive Arcs

Recursive Relationships

Physical Models

Conventions Used for Illustration Tables

Conventions Used to Reference Figures

The Companion Electronic Product

Chapter 2 People and Organizations

Organization

Person

Person—Alternate Model

Party

Party Roles

Organization Roles

Common Party Role Subtypes

Should Roles Be Defined at the Time of the Transaction?

Party Role Example

Role Types Throughout This Book

Party Relationship

Party Relationship Examples

Party Relationship Information

Status Types

Party Contact Information

Postal Address Information

Geographic Boundaries

Party Contact Mechanism—Telecommunications Numbers and Electronic Addresses

Party Contact Mechanism (Expanded)

Contact Mechanism Purpose

Facility Versus Contact Mechanism

Party Communication Event

Communication Event Follow-Up

Summary

Chapter 3 Products

Product Definition

Product Category

Product Identification Codes

Product Features

Product Feature Interaction

Product Feature Subtypes

Product Feature Examples

Unit of Measure

Suppliers and Manufacturers of Products

Inventory Item Storage

Product Pricing

Pricing Subtypes

Price Component Attributes and Relationship to Product or Product Feature

Pricing Factors

International Pricing

Example of Product Pricing

Product Costing

Product to Product Associations

Products and Parts

Summary

Chapter 4 Ordering Products

Standard Order Model

Order and Order Items

Order Parties and Contact Mechanisms

Sales Order Parties and Contact Mechanisms

Party Placing Order and Related Contact Mechanism

Party Taking Order and Related Contact Mechanism

Ship-to Party and Contact Mechanism

Bill-to Party and Contact Mechanism

Person Roles for Orders

Purchase Order Parties and Contact Mechanisms

Generic Order Roles and Contact Mechanisms

Order Adjustments

Order Status and Terms

Order Status

Order Terms

Order Item Association

Optional Order Models

Requirements

Requirement Roles

Requirements Status

Product Requirements

Order Requirement Commitments

Requirement Example

Requests

Request

Request Items

Quote Definition

Quote Roles

Quote

Quote Items

Quote Terms

Agreement Definition

Agreement Item

Agreement Terms

Agreement Pricing

Agreement to Order

Summary

Chapter 5 Shipments

Shipments

Shipment Types

Shipments Parties and Contact Mechanisms

Shipping Detail

Shipment Status

Shipment-to-Order Relationship

Shipment Receipts

Item Issuance for Outgoing Shipments

Shipment Documents

Shipment Routing

Shipment Vehicle

Summary

Chapter 6 Work Effort

Work Requirement and Work Efforts

Work Requirement Definition

Requirement Types

Anticipated Demand

Work Requirement Compared to Order

Work Requirement Roles

Work Effort Generation

Work Effort Type and Work Effort Purpose Type

Work Effort Attributes

Fulfillment of Work Requirements

Work Effort and Facility

Work Effort Generation—Alternate Model

Work Effort Associations

Work Effort Association Definition

Work Effort Dependency

Work Efforts and Work Tasks

Work Effort Party Assignment

Work Effort Party Assignment

Party Skill and Skill Type

Work Effort Status

Work Effort Party Assignment

Work Effort Role Type

Work Effort Assignment Facility

Work Effort Time Tracking

Work Effort Rates

Work Effort Assignment Rate

Inventory Assignments

Fixed Asset Assignments

Fixed Asset

Fixed Asset Type

Fixed Asset Assignment and Status

Party Fixed Asset Assignments

Work Effort Type Standards

Work Effort Skill Standards

Work Effort Good Standards

Work Effort Fixed Asset Standard

Work Effort Results

Summary

Chapter 7 Invoicing

Invoices and Invoice Items

Invoice Roles

Billing Account

Invoice Specific Roles

Invoice Terms and Status

Invoice Status

Invoice Terms

Invoice and Associated Transactions

Billing for Shipment Items

Billing for Work Efforts and Time Entries

Billing for Order Items

Payments

Financial Accounts, Deposits, and Withdrawals

Summary

Chapter 8 Accounting and Budgeting

Chart of Accounts for Internal Organizations

General Ledger Accounts and Types

Organization GL Account

Accounting Period

Accounting Transactions Definition

Business Transactions versus Accounting Transactions?

Accounting Transaction

Accounting Transactions and Their Related Parties

Accounting Transaction Details

Transaction Detail

Relationships between Accounting Transaction Details

Account Balances and Transactions

Subsidiary Accounts

Asset Depreciation

Budget Definition

Budget

Budget Item

Budget Status

Budget Revision

Budget Review

Budget Scenarios

Usage and Sources of Budgeted Amounts

Commitments against Budgets

Payments against Budgets

Budget Relationship to General Ledger

Budgeted Items versus General Ledger Accounts

Summary

Chapter 9 Human Resources

Standard Human Resources Model

Employment

Position Definition

Position

Position Authorization

Position Type

Position Responsibilities

Position Type Definition

Organization

Position Fulfillment and Tracking

Position Fulfillment

Position Status Type

Hiring Organization

Other Considerations

Position Reporting Relationships

Position Reporting Structure

Salary Determination and Pay History

Position Type Rate

Pay Grade and Salary Step

Pay History and Actual Salary

Benefits Definition and Tracking

Employment

Party Benefit

Period Type

Benefit Type

Payroll Information

Employee

Payment Method Type

Payroll Preference

Paycheck

Deduction and Deduction Type

Employment Application

Employee Skills and Qualifications

Employee Performance

Employee Termination

Summary

Chapter 10 Creating the Data Warehouse Data Model from the Enterprise Data Model

The Data Warehouse Architecture

The Enterprise Data Model

The Data Warehouse Design

The Departmental Data Warehouse Design or Data Mart

An Architected Data Warehouse Environment

The Enterprise Data Model

Transformation Requirements

Process Models

High-Level and Logical Data Models

Making the Transformation

Removing Operational Data

Adding an Element of Time to the Warehouse Key

Adding Derived Data

Creating Relationship Artifacts

Changing Granularity of Data

Merging Tables

Creation of Arrays of Data

Organizing Data According to Its Stability

Summary

Chapter 11 A Sample Data Warehouse Data Model

Transformation to Customer Invoice

Removing Operational Data

Adding an Element of Time

Adding Derived Data

Creating Relationship Artifacts

Accommodating Levels of Granularity

Merging Tables

Separation Based on Stability

Other Considerations

The Sample Data Warehouse Data Model

Common Reference Tables

Summary

Chapter 12 Star Schema Designs for Sales Analysis

Sales Analysis Data Mart

Customer Sales Facts

Customer Dimension

Customer Demographics Dimensions

Sales Reps Dimension

Internal Organizations Dimension

Addresses Dimension

Product Dimension

Time Dimension

Transaction-Oriented Sales Data Mart

Variations on the Sales Analysis Data Mart

Variation 1: Sales Rep Performance Data Mart

Customer Rep Sales Fact

Time Dimension

Variation 2: Product Analysis Data Mart

Product Sales Facts

Geographic Boundaries Dimension

Summary

Chapter 13 Star Schema Designs for Human Resources

Human Resources Star Schema

Human Resource Fact Table

Organizations Dimension

Position Types Dimension

Genders Dimension

Length of Services Dimension

Statuses Dimension

Pay Grades Dimension

EEOC Types Dimension

Time_By_Month Dimension

Human Resources Star Schema at a Higher Level of Granularization

Summary

Chapter 14 Additional Star Schema Designs

Inventory Management Analysis

Purchase Order Analysis

Shipment Analysis

Work Effort Analysis

Financial Analysis

Summary

Chapter 15 Implementing the Universal Data Models

The Enterprise Data Model—An Integrated Business View of the Enterprise's Information

Customizing the Universal Data Models

Degrees of Customization

Customizing the Models for Unique Business Terminology

Example of Changing the Terms for the Specific Enterprise

Additional Information Requirements Needed for the Enterprise

How the Universal Data Models and Enterprise Data Model Solve Business Problems

Using a Data Model for a Particular Application

Understanding Business Processes

Building the Logical Data Model

Physical Database Design

Basic Database Design Principles

Creating a Physical Database Design

Physical Database Design Examples

Review of the Party Role and Relationship Model

Party Roles and Relationships Physical Design, Option 1

Party Roles and Relationships Physical Design, Option 2

Party Roles and Relationships Generic Design, Option 3

Using the Data Warehouse Models

Summary

For More Information

Appendix A Logical Data Model Entities and Attributes

Appendix B Data Warehouse Data Model Tables and Columns

Appendix C Star Schema Design Tables and Columns

Other Reusable Data Model and Data Warehouse Design Resources

Index

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