Exhibits
Exhibit 1. Recovered Decode Chart of Text for J-19 Transposition System.
From "Japanese Diplomatic Network and Crypto Systems, Pre-During (sic) the War."
National Archives and Records Administration (NARA), College Park, MD. RG 457, E9032, Box 992, Folder 3015.
Exhibit 2. Japanese J-19 Transposition Matrix or Stencil.
Stencil is from period 11-21 November 1941.
"Change No. 4 to R.I.P. 37B, 1 April 1944."
NARA, RG 457, E9032, Box 1137, Folder 3762, 7–119
Exhibit 3. Intercept copy of Japanese Diplomatic Message No. 2353,
Tokyo to Washington. Navy Monitoring Station "S" (Bainbridge Island, WA) teletyped to OP-20-G Headquarters, 19 November 1941.
Center for Cryptologic History Series XII.S, Box 22; for unmarked version see "Jap Msgs, Oct-Dec 1941," RG 38, CNSG Library, Box 156, Pages 3803–4.
Exhibit 4. Intercept copy of Japanese Diplomatic Message No. 2354,
Tokyo to Washington. Navy Monitoring Station "S" (Bainbridge Island, WA) teletyped to OP-20-G Headquarters, 19 November 1941.
Center for Cryptologic History Series XII.S, Box 22; also unmarked version, see "Jap Msgs, Oct-Dec 1941," RG 38, CNSG Library Box 156, Page 3798
Exhibit 5. K-10/J-19 Indicator Groups and Transposition Keys for November 1941.
NARA, RG 457, Entry 9032, Box 1137, Folder 3762, R.I.P 37B, Change 4, K-10 Transposition (J-19 Basic system), 7–83.
Exhibit 6. Message No. 2353 translation worksheet
(W.S.) with code digraph true values inscribed by the translator. (2 pages)
Center for Cryptologic History Series XII.S, Box 22 and NARA, RG 80, Pearl Harbor Liaison Office (PHLO), Entry 167A, "Office Reference ("Subject") Files, 1932–1946. Winds Code, Station"W" to Witnesses. Folder: Winds Code - Misc Material.
Exhibit 7. KANA texts of Japanese diplomatic messages 2353 and 2354.
GSB 180, 6 November 1941[5].
RG 38, CNSG Library, Box 166, Folder 5830/69, "Winds Msgs."
Exhibit 8. US Navy (OP-20-GY) translation of message No. 2353, published on 28 November 1941. SIS #25432 and JD-1: 6875.
Center for Cryptologic History Series XII.S, Box 22
Exhibit 9. Revision of translation of No. 2353 issued on 26 September 1944.
Handwritten text, probably by William F. Friedman, reads: Upper right –"(by Hurt);" lower left – "This for Voice Broadcast – "Twice in middle and twice at end" There is good evidence that "Nishi no Kazehare" was really transmitted in this way."
See Doc No. 4 of FCC Statement."
Center for Cryptologic History Series XII.S, Box 22
Exhibit 10. True Form or Matrix (Stencil) for message No. 2354 (reverse image).
Center for Cryptologic History Series XII.S, Box 22
and NARA, RG 80, PHLO, Entry 167A, "Office Reference ("Subject") Files, 1932–1946." Winds Code, Staion "W" to Witnesses. Folder: Winds Code – Misc Material.
Exhibit 11. Message No. 2354 translation worksheet with code digraph true values inscribed by the translator.
Center for Cryptologic History Series XII.S, Box 22
and NARA, RG 80, PHLO, Entry 167A, "Office Reference ("Subject") Files, 1932–1946." Winds Code, Station "W" to Witnesses. Folder: Winds Code – Misc Material.
Exhibit 12. Translation, by US Navy (OP-20-GY) of message No. 2354, published on 28 November 1941. SIS #25392 and JD-1: 6850.
Handwritten note, probably penned by William F. Friedman, left side reads - "This for Morse broadcast of News." Right hand side reads — "Safford told me (in 1944) the "winds execute" msge [sic] came in on night 3-4 Dec & he saw it about 0800 on 4 Dec. It had a negative KITA, positive HIGASHI, positive NISHI. Msge [sic] was in Morse. If so, it meant break in relations between Japan & U.S., Japan & Great Britain; no break between Japan & Russia. F[riedman]"
Center for Cryptologic History Series XII.S, Box 22. This translation, without the inscribed comments can be found in Multi-national Diplomatic Translation, SIS # 25392, Tokyo to Washington, 19 November 1941. RG 457, Entry 9032, Box 300
Exhibit 13. Revision of translation No. 2354 issued on 26 September 1944.
Center for Cryptologic History, Series XII.S, Box 22.
Note Kanji characters in parenthesis are "strained."
Exhibit 14. Transcription of a Morse (Kana) Japanese news broadcast, Station "JVJ," intercepted at 1030 (Tokyo Time) and 0130 GMT by Bainbridge Island (3 pages). Japanese News Broadcast by Station "JVJ," 8 December 1941.
NARA, RG 38, Box 167, Folder 5830/69 (3 of 3), "Pearl Harbor Investigations: Winds Msgs." Interestingly, this news broadcast was made about one hour after the overseas voice news program monitored by the FCC in which appeared the phrase NISHI NO KAZE HARE (West Wind Clear).
However, none of the three words indicating a change in relations - "Nishi," "Kita," or "Higashi" - appears in the transcript. The first paragraphs describe the attacks in Hawaii and the Philippines.
Exhibit 15. Message from Commander-in-Chief Asiatic Fleet (CINCAF) to Washington informing them of British intercept of the two "Winds" instructional messages. CINCAF Intelligence Report, 281430, 28 November 1941.
PHH, Part 17, 2660.
Note at bottom of the copy is the typewritten note indicating that a copy of the message had been delivered to Captain Safford.
The note was delivered by "DW" or Donald W. Wigle, Station "C" (Cheltenham, MD) radioman in charge of Station "C" at the time of Pearl Harbor.
Exhibit 16. Intercepted version of "Stop" message (Japanese message number 2409). Intercept by Station "S," Bainbridge Island on 27 November 1941.
Transmittal message numbers (Japanese) 511, (San Francisco), 518 (SF), 520 (SF), and 523 (Washington, D.C.).
Washington received Nos. 512, 517, and 521. San Francisco received No. 524. Pages 4506 – 4513, and 4522 – 4524.
The third and fourth parts of the message, Washington nos. 521 and 524 (SF nos. 520 and 524) were sent in reverse order. In other words, part four of the message was sent before part three.
RG 38, Entry 1040 (CNSG Library), Box 156, "Diplomatic Intercept."
Exhibit 17. Stencils of decrypted version of message #2409. (4 pages)
All pages contain key listed for 27 November in kanji numerals. Pages 2-4 also have key in Arabic numerals.
Key reads 12-4-7-13-9-1-19-6-8-17-2-16-11-3-15-18-14-10-5.
CCH Series XII.S, Box 22
Exhibit 18. Translation worksheets (W.S.) #818–821 (5 pages) of message #2409.
CCH Series XII.S, Box 22.
Exhibit 19. Translation of Japanese diplomatic message No. 2409,
Tokyo to Washington, 27 November 1941.
SIS 25609, JD-1: 6985. Known both as the "hidden word" or "STOP" message. (4 pages)
Tokyo to Washington, 27 November 1941, SIS 25609. RG 457, Entry 9032, Box 301, Multinational Diplomatic Translations.
Exhibit 20. Example of telegram sent from Japanese consulate, Honolulu, Kita Nagao, to the Japanese Foreign Ministry (Gaimudaijin), 13 November 1941, encrypted in J-19.
Telegram, Kita to Gaimudaijin, Tokyo, 13 November 1941.
NARA, RG 38, Box 167, Folder 5830/69, "Pearl Harbor Investigation: Winds msgs." (3 of 3)
Exhibit 21. Translation of Japanese diplomatic message No. 118, Tokyo to Honolulu, 28 November 1941.
SIS 25859, JD-1: 7157, Translated 7 December 1941.
Pearl Harbor Hearings (hereafter "PHH"), Part 37: 668.
Exhibit 22. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Exhibits, Certification of Secretary FCC, dated 8/18/44, with attachments." (5 pages)
Attachment 2 is "Message intercepted by FCC on 12/4/41."
Attachment 3 is message intercepted by FCC on 12/5/41.
NARA, RG 80, 167EE, Box 122, (JCC) Exhibit 142. (5 pages)
Exhibit 23. FCC translation worksheets for Japanese "weather broadcasts" of 4, 5, and 8 December 1941.
There are two worksheets for 8 December of broadcasts heard at 0002 (GMT) and 0458 (GMT).
NARA, RG 173, Entry 180, Box 5, "Personal Papers of George Sterling." (4 pages)
Exhibit 24. FCC Logs, Radio Intelligence Division, Night Watch Log 28 November – 8 December 1941.
RG 80, Entry 167EE, Box 122, Exhibit 142A (5 pages)
Exhibit 25. Translation of Japanese diplomatic message No. 2444, Tokyo to Washington, 1 December 1941.
SIS 25606, JD-1: 6984. Translated 1 December 1941.
NARA, RG 457, Entry 9032, Box 301, "Multi-national Diplomatic Translations"
Exhibit 26. Translations of Japanese diplomatic message No. 2445, Tokyo to Havana, 2 December 1941,
SIS 25879, translated 8 December 1941; and message No. 2447, Bern to Ankara,
SIS 25837, JD-1: 7125, translated 6 December 1941.
NARA, RG 457, Entry 9032, Box 301, "Multi-national Diplomatic Translations."
Exhibit 27. Translation of Japanese diplomatic message No. 867, Tokyo to Washington, 2 December 1941.
SIS 25640, JD-1: 7017. Translated 3 December 1941.
NARA, RG 457, Entry 9032, Box 301, "Multi-national Diplomatic Translations."
Exhibit 28. Translation of Japanese diplomatic message No. 2461, Tokyo to (Circular), 3 December 1941.
SIS 25855, JD-1: 7123. Translated 6 December 1941.
NARA, RG 457, Entry 9032, Box 301, "Multi-national Diplomatic Translation."
Exhibit 29. Listing of HARUNA messages from Japanese diplomatic facilities
acknowledging the destruction of codes (2 pages). Read columns: Originator of message, "file date" (date of message), intercept date and time, date and method intercept was sent to Washington (note mail, air, or courier), date received at SIS, Washington, and remarks that contain source of intercept with station message number. [The notations "PLG3," next to Batavia and "PMA," next to Soerabaja, are the callsigns of the Netherlands East Indies commercial radio stations that actually received the message from Tokyo. This use of local radio facilities was not uncommon.]
Page two is copy of intercepted cable from the Japanese diplomatic facility located in Hollywood, CA, to Tokyo. Source is SRH-415 "Haruna Messages from Various Japanese Offices Abroad Signaling Destruction of Codes, December 1941."
Exhibit 30. WDGS G-2 message of 5 December 1941 to G-2 Hawaii Department instructing General Fielder's office to contact Commander Joseph Rochefort via Fourteenth Naval District "regarding weather message."
NARA Box 457, Entry 9032, B1369, Folder 4217.
Exhibit 31. Translation by Office of Naval Intelligence of news program broadcast by station "JZI," 8 December 1941 (Japanese time) on 9535 kilocycles.
This translation was provided to the Honolulu offices of the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Federal Communications Commission on 15 December 1941 (7 pages). "Winds" message, "West Wind Clear," appears on pages 3 and 5 of the transcript. Pearl Harbor Exhibit 142D, Federal Communications Commission,
NARA, RG 80, Entry 167EE, Box 120; also in PHH, Part 18: 3325-3329 (7 pages)
Exhibit 32. Intercepted "hidden word (or Stop) message, Japanese serial #92494, sent on morning of 7 December 1941
by Japanese Foreign Ministry to several stations. "Jap Msgs, October – December 1941,"
RG 38, Entry CNSG Library, Box 156; also in PHH, Part 37:729.
Exhibit 33. Corrected translation of the 7 December 1941 "hidden word" message.
Exhibit No. 142, NARA, RG 80, Entry 167EE, Box 120; PHH, Part 37: 3321
Exhibit 34. Message from War Department, Office of the Chief Signal Officer, Signal Intelligence Service, to monitoring stations in the Philippines, the Territory of Hawaii, and the Presidio, requesting all "Japanese clear messages ending with English word Quote STOP Quote."
CCH Series XII.S, Box 22.
Exhibit 35. U.S. Navy Technical Mission to Japan, Interrogation No. 11; Personnel Interrogated: Mr. Shinroku Tanomogi, 30 November 1945.
NARA, RG 457, Entry 9032, Box 1369, Folder 4217, "Pearl Harbor Investigation and Miscellaneous Material."
Also, see PHH: Part 18, 3310.
Exhibit 36. Message, Department of State to American embassy London, United Kingdom (with note for repeats to the American embassy, The Hague, Netherlands, and the American legation, Canberra, Australia) relaying request from the Joint Congressional Committee for information concerning monitoring of Japanese broadcasts by the radio intelligence services of all three countries of the "Winds" message at any time prior to and including the date of the attack on Pearl Harbor. NARA, RG 59, Department of State, 6 November 1945.
711.94/11-645, 1945-49 Central Decimal File. (4 pages)
Exhibit 37. Message, American legation, Canberra, Australia, to Department of State, 16 November 1945,
in response to State cable of 6 November 1945.
NARA, RG 59, Department of State, 16 November 1945. 711.94/11-1645,1945–49 Central Decimal File.
Exhibit 38. Messages from American embassy, The Hague, Netherlands, 5 December and 6 December 1945, and 26 January 1946,
in response to State cable of 6 November 1945.
NARA, RG 59, Department of State, 5 and 6 December 1945, and 26 January 1946. 711.94/12-545, 711.94/12-645, and 711.94/1-2646,1945-49 Central Decimal File. (3 pages)
Exhibit 39. Messages from American embassy, London, United Kingdom, 4 December and 15 December 1945 and 31 January 1946,
in response to State cable of 6 November 1945.
NARA, RG 59, Department of State, 4 and 16 December 1945 and 31 January 1946. 711.94/12-445, 711.94/12-1545, and 711.94/1-3146,1945-49 Central Decimal File. (3 pages)
Exhibit 40. Captain Laurance Safford's Statement before the Joint Congressional Committee (JCC). (24 pages)
NARA, RG38, Box 166, "Folders on the Winds Message," Folder 5830/69 (1 of 3), "Statement Regarding Winds Message," by Captain L.F. Safford Before the Joint Committee on the Investigation of the Pearl Harbor Attack.
Composed on 25 January 1946, Safford delivered this statement before the JCC on 1 February 1946.
Exhibit 41. Letter from Captain Laurance Safford to Commander Alwin Kramer, 22 December 1943
that includes reference to "Weather report" or "Winds message." (2 pages) "Safford-Kramer Letter[s],"
NARA, RG 80, Pearl Harbor Liaison Office, Entry 167A, Box 4; PHH, Part 8: 3698
Exhibit 42. Letter in response from Kramer to Safford, 28 December 1943. (2 pages) "Safford-Kramer Letter[s],"
NARA, RG 80, Pearl Harbor Liaison Office, Entry 167A, Box 4; also PHH, Part 8:3699-3700.
Exhibit 43. Safford's coded letter to Kramer, 22 January 1944. (4 pages) With Safford's associated private code listing. (2 pages)
NARA, RG 80, Pearl Harbor Liaison Office, Entry 167A, Box 4; also PHH, Part 8: 3700, 3703-4.
Exhibit 44. Letter, Admiral Husband Kimmel to Admiral William Halsey, 18 March 1944,
Pearl Harbor Exhibit 150,
NARA, RG 80, Entry 167EE, Box 120; also NARA, RG 38, CNSG Library, Box 166, Folder 5830/69, "Pearl Harbor Investigation: Winds msgs."
Exhibit 45. Memorandum, 8 November 1945, Subject: "JD-7001, Special Studies Covering,"
and attachment showing distribution of "JD" serial numbers 6998 through 7022 (2 pages).
Exhibit 142B, RG 80, Pearl Harbor Liaison Office, Entry 167EE, Box 120.
Exhibit 46. Morio Tateno Interview (3 pages), 30 June 1961,
RG 38, CNSG Library, Box 166, Folder 5830/69, "Winds Msgs"
Exhibit 47. Memorandum to Carter W. Clarke from William F. Friedman, 19 September 1944 (2 pages). Selected pages from handwritten notes of meeting with Captain Safford (5 pages) numbered 11, 12, 15, and 16.
NARA, RG 457, Entry 9032, Box 1360, Folder 4217, "Pearl Harbor Investigation and Miscellaneous Material."
Transcription of Handwritten Notes by William F. Friedman, 17 September 1944.
NOTE: Missing text (words and letters) are enclosed with brackets '['. Original underlines and crossouts are retained. Original brackets are in bold face ']'.
Page 1
2353 - Original int[ercept] - Bainbridge - 19th f[or]w[ar]ded by teletype [J-19 key for this one recovered by Singapore. Passed to Wash[ington] by L[on]d[o]n on 24 Nov 41.] Not able to read then when rec'd [received] on 19th
2354 – Same applies Mrs. McCantley and Miss Burr were the only two working on them – as no urgency
(as per Tokyo 843 27 Nov 1941 JD1-6899) Navy sent out on 28 Nov to all its stations to teletype in all plain lang[uage] from Tokyo - East Coast stations as well as Bainbridge. Give priority
| in trans[missions] | Time | Sta[tion] | Freq[uency] | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0100 | JVJ | We sent msges to int stns 2 Dec 41 | ||
| 0130 | JUO | |||
| 0200 | JVJ | |||
| 0300 | JHL | |||
| 0400 | JH | |||
| 0500 | JHL | |||
| 530 | JHP |
On 27 Nov Notified to record Transpacific - San F[rancisco] Tokyo radiotelephone circuit & mail all records by air mail to [OP] 20GX
On 3 Dec Navy rec[eived] directive to cover SF International circuit to Tokyo in add[ition] to reg[ular] assign[ment] & f[or]w[ar]d all p.l. [plain language] JG [Japanese Government] TFC [traffic] to WA9I [OP-20 G teletype address] via TWX (in add[ition] to code TFC already being sent)
All log sheets from Sta[tion] S (Bainbridge) obtained but it did not Get winds execute msge. Safford believes one of their East Coast int[ercept] sta[tions] got winds execute msge but when tried [to] find out which one, found logs of all 4 stations had been destroyed. Orig[inal] int[ercept] also still missing.
Page 3
? H---di-wash [unclear text] told Safford that McCollum was positive attack would come sunrise Sunday morning & went to Stark at 9:00 AM Sunday morning to beg him to send warning msge. Stark refused. [McC told this to Rochefort or Wright when McC was passing thru Honolulu. Either Wright or Roch[efort] told Safford.]
Tokyo No. 901 very impt[important] == SIS 25838
.....rest of page discusses fourteen-part message sent by Japan 6–7 December. Not relevant to Winds message...
Safford – East Coast Sta[tions] – All st[ation]s Comm.[unicated] to Wash[ington] by T[ele]T[ype]. Records of TT trans[lations] destroyed but later verified by mail Cheltenham & Winter harbor all destroyed Copies of Sta[tion] comp[word unclear] dest[royed] " " sent in to Dep[artmen]t can't be loc[ated] and G [??] thinks they were destroyed by new Comers All in a mess. Chased out old timers & it was mess.
===========/
6 diff[erent] witnesses have testified re W[inds] Ex[ecute] Told Hart in April .ut[first letter unclear] one E[ast] Coast st[ation]s & logs been destr[oyed]. In Morse code but in form prescribed for voice.
Lt. W.H. Davis – Asst Watch O[fficer] – 6-7 Dec Lt. Cmdr. Pering – Watch O[fficer] Neither of them ever heard of Winds Execute
=
Rochefort says Fielder never came to him Re Winds Code
Says might have gone to see Lt. Cmdr. E.T. Layton (F[leet] Intell[igence]) but R[ochefort] doesn't know. Wright says he does not think Fielder came to see Layton.
Committee didn't ask Roch[efort] anything re Winds. Understanding was not to be quest[ioned] re any Top secret matters.
Exhibit 48. Operator log for station "M," 2 December 1941 with notation by Ralph Briggs.
"Below Comments added on 12/5/60.I, Ralph T. Briggs, new on duty at NAVSECGRUDET [Naval Security Group Detachment] as OINC, duly note that all transmissions intercepted by me between 0500 and 1300 on the above date are missing from these files & that these intercepts contained the 'Winds message warning code'. My operator sign was 'RT' & these intercepts were made at station M. 'RT' " -
Naval Security Group, SRH-051. Interview with Mr. Ralph T. Briggs on 13 Jan 1977. Also reproduced in John Toland, Infamy: Pearl Harbor and its Aftermath. (New York: Berkeley, 1983)
Exhibit 49. Message of 3 November 1945 describing the destruction of Cheltenham station logs and intercepts in December 1942.
RG 38, CNSG Library, Box 166 Folder 5830/69, "Pearl Harbor Investigations: Winds msgs" (Folders 1 of 3)
Exhibit 50. Operator log for station "M," 2 December 1941, without notation by Ralph Briggs.
RG 38, CNSG Library, Box 167, Folder 5830/77, "Pearl Harbor Investigations: Info Rqts by Capt Safford, 1946–1947."
Exhibit 51. Message from Chief of Intelligence (COIS), Singapore, received in London on 8 December 1941
(0113Z), reporting intercept by site at Hong Kong that "severance of Japanese relations? admitted imminent."
RG 80, Entry 167CC, Box 92, Clausen Investigation Exhibits.
Exhibit 52. Cable from British Secret Intelligence Service (S.I.S.) representative in Manila, Commonwealth of the Philippines to S.I.S. representative, Honolulu, Territory of Hawaii, 3 December 1941,
Record Group 80, Entry 167CC, Box 92, "Exhibit 1," item "q," Clausen Investigation Exhibits.
Exhibit 53. British government response (GC&CS #11279), 31 August 1946, to Colonel Clausen inquiry
regarding Wilkinson 3 December 1941 cable from Manila.
RH 80, Entry 167CC, Box 92, "Exhibit 1," item "r," Clausen Investigation Exhibits
Exhibit 54. Multinational Diplomatic Translation #25783
(Japanese serial #839), Tokyo to Hsinking, 1 December 1941.
RG 457, Entry 9032, Box 301.
Exhibit 55. Telegram from Walter Foote, U.S. Consulate General,
Bandeong, Batvia, Netherlands, East Indies, 4 December 1941, to Secretary of State Cordell Hull.
It reports gist of two Japanese diplomatic messages (likely retransmissions of Japanese messages, serial Nos. 2353 and 2354) containing instructions for Japanese diplomats to monitor for news broadcasts with special weather phrases or words, which are open code messages for them to destroy holdings of cryptographic material and secret papers. The two messages were intercepted, decrypted, and translated by the Dutch cryptologic unit, Kamer-14.
NARA CP, RG 59, Decimal Files 711.94 1945–49. Also reproduced in PHH, Part 17:32.
Exhibit 56. True form or matrix (stencil) of message #. 2353,
19 November 1941.
NARA RG 80, PHLO, Entry 167A, "Office Reference ("Subject) Files, 1932–1946." Winds Code, Station "W" to Witnesses. Folder: Winds Code - Misc Material
