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CISSP® Certified Information Systems Security Professional Official Study Guide Eighth Edition
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CISSP® Certified Information Systems Security Professional Official Study Guide Eighth Edition
by Darril Gibson, James M Stewart, Mike Chapple
(ISC)2 CISSP Certified Information Systems Security Professional Official Study Guide, 8th Edition
Introduction
Overview of the CISSP Exam
Notes on This Book’s Organization
Assessment Test
Answers to Assessment Test
Chapter 1 Security Governance Through Principles and Policies
Understand and Apply Concepts of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability
Evaluate and Apply Security Governance Principles
Develop, Document, and Implement Security Policy, Standards, Procedures, and Guidelines
Understand and Apply Threat Modeling Concepts and Methodologies
Apply Risk-Based Management Concepts to the Supply Chain
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 2 Personnel Security and Risk Management Concepts
Personnel Security Policies and Procedures
Security Governance
Understand and Apply Risk Management Concepts
Establish and Maintain a Security Awareness, Education, and Training Program
Manage the Security Function
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 3 Business Continuity Planning
Planning for Business Continuity
Project Scope and Planning
Business Impact Assessment
Continuity Planning
Plan Approval and Implementation
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 4 Laws, Regulations, and Compliance
Categories of Laws
Laws
Compliance
Contracting and Procurement
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 5 Protecting Security of Assets
Identify and Classify Assets
Determining Ownership
Using Security Baselines
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 6 Cryptography and Symmetric Key Algorithms
Historical Milestones in Cryptography
Cryptographic Basics
Modern Cryptography
Symmetric Cryptography
Cryptographic Lifecycle
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 7 PKI and Cryptographic Applications
Asymmetric Cryptography
Hash Functions
Digital Signatures
Public Key Infrastructure
Asymmetric Key Management
Applied Cryptography
Cryptographic Attacks
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 8 Principles of Security Models, Design, and Capabilities
Implement and Manage Engineering Processes Using Secure Design Principles
Understand the Fundamental Concepts of Security Models
Select Controls Based On Systems Security Requirements
Understand Security Capabilities of Information Systems
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 9 Security Vulnerabilities, Threats, and Countermeasures
Assess and Mitigate Security Vulnerabilities
Client-Based Systems
Server-Based Systems
Database Systems Security
Distributed Systems and Endpoint Security
Internet of Things
Industrial Control Systems
Assess and Mitigate Vulnerabilities in Web-Based Systems
Assess and Mitigate Vulnerabilities in Mobile Systems
Assess and Mitigate Vulnerabilities in Embedded Devices and Cyber-Physical Systems
Essential Security Protection Mechanisms
Common Architecture Flaws and Security Issues
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 10 Physical Security Requirements
Apply Security Principles to Site and Facility Design
Implement Site and Facility Security Controls
Implement and Manage Physical Security
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 11 Secure Network Architecture and Securing Network Components
OSI Model
TCP/IP Model
Converged Protocols
Wireless Networks
Secure Network Components
Cabling, Wireless, Topology, Communications, and Transmission Media Technology
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 12 Secure Communications and Network Attacks
Network and Protocol Security Mechanisms
Secure Voice Communications
Multimedia Collaboration
Manage Email Security
Remote Access Security Management
Virtual Private Network
Virtualization
Network Address Translation
Switching Technologies
WAN Technologies
Miscellaneous Security Control Characteristics
Security Boundaries
Prevent or Mitigate Network Attacks
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 13 Managing Identity and Authentication
Controlling Access to Assets
Comparing Identification and Authentication
Implementing Identity Management
Managing the Identity and Access Provisioning Lifecycle
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 14 Controlling and Monitoring Access
Comparing Access Control Models
Understanding Access Control Attacks
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 15 Security Assessment and Testing
Building a Security Assessment and Testing Program
Performing Vulnerability Assessments
Testing Your Software
Implementing Security Management Processes
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 16 Managing Security Operations
Applying Security Operations Concepts
Securely Provisioning Resources
Managing Configuration
Managing Change
Managing Patches and Reducing Vulnerabilities
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 17 Preventing and Responding to Incidents
Managing Incident Response
Implementing Detective and Preventive Measures
Logging, Monitoring, and Auditing
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 18 Disaster Recovery Planning
The Nature of Disaster
Understand System Resilience and Fault Tolerance
Recovery Strategy
Recovery Plan Development
Training, Awareness, and Documentation
Testing and Maintenance
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 19 Investigations and Ethics
Investigations
Major Categories of Computer Crime
Ethics
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 20 Software Development Security
Introducing Systems Development Controls
Establishing Databases and Data Warehousing
Storing Data and Information
Understanding Knowledge-Based Systems
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 21 Malicious Code and Application Attacks
Malicious Code
Password Attacks
Application Attacks
Web Application Security
Reconnaissance Attacks
Masquerading Attacks
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Appendix A Answers to Review Questions
Chapter 1: Security Governance Through Principles and Policies
Chapter 2: Personnel Security and Risk Management Concepts
Chapter 3: Business Continuity Planning
Chapter 4: Laws, Regulations, and Compliance
Chapter 5: Protecting Security of Assets
Chapter 6: Cryptography and Symmetric Key Algorithms
Chapter 7: PKI and Cryptographic Applications
Chapter 8: Principles of Security Models, Design, and Capabilities
Chapter 9: Security Vulnerabilities, Threats, and Countermeasures
Chapter 10: Physical Security Requirements
Chapter 11: Secure Network Architecture and Securing Network Components
Chapter 12: Secure Communications and Network Attacks
Chapter 13: Managing Identity and Authentication
Chapter 14: Controlling and Monitoring Access
Chapter 15: Security Assessment and Testing
Chapter 16: Managing Security Operations
Chapter 17: Preventing and Responding to Incidents
Chapter 18: Disaster Recovery Planning
Chapter 19: Investigations and Ethics
Chapter 20: Software Development Security
Chapter 21: Malicious Code and Application Attacks
Appendix B Answers to Written Labs
Chapter 1: Security Governance Through Principles and Policies
Chapter 2: Personnel Security and Risk Management Concepts
Chapter 3: Business Continuity Planning
Chapter 4: Laws, Regulations, and Compliance
Chapter 5: Protecting Security of Assets
Chapter 6: Cryptography and Symmetric Key Algorithms
Chapter 7: PKI and Cryptographic Applications
Chapter 8: Principles of Security Models, Design, and Capabilities
Chapter 9: Security Vulnerabilities, Threats, and Countermeasures
Chapter 10: Physical Security Requirements
Chapter 11: Secure Network Architecture and Securing Network Components
Chapter 12: Secure Communications and Network Attacks
Chapter 13: Managing Identity and Authentication
Chapter 14: Controlling and Monitoring Access
Chapter 15: Security Assessment and Testing
Chapter 16: Managing Security Operations
Chapter 17: Preventing and Responding to Incidents
Chapter 18: Disaster Recovery Planning
Chapter 19: Investigations and Ethics
Chapter 20: Software Development Security
Chapter 21: Malicious Code and Application Attacks
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Prev
Previous Chapter
CISSP® Certified Information Systems Security Professional Official Study Guide Eighth Edition
Next
Next Chapter
Introduction
Contents
Introduction
Overview of the CISSP Exam
Notes on This Book’s Organization
Assessment Test
Answers to Assessment Test
Chapter 1 Security Governance Through Principles and Policies
Understand and Apply Concepts of Confidentiality, Integrity, and Availability
Evaluate and Apply Security Governance Principles
Develop, Document, and Implement Security Policy, Standards, Procedures, and Guidelines
Understand and Apply Threat Modeling Concepts and Methodologies
Apply Risk-Based Management Concepts to the Supply Chain
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 2 Personnel Security and Risk Management Concepts
Personnel Security Policies and Procedures
Security Governance
Understand and Apply Risk Management Concepts
Establish and Maintain a Security Awareness, Education, and Training Program
Manage the Security Function
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 3 Business Continuity Planning
Planning for Business Continuity
Project Scope and Planning
Business Impact Assessment
Continuity Planning
Plan Approval and Implementation
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 4 Laws, Regulations, and Compliance
Categories of Laws
Laws
Compliance
Contracting and Procurement
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 5 Protecting Security of Assets
Identify and Classify Assets
Determining Ownership
Using Security Baselines
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 6 Cryptography and Symmetric Key Algorithms
Historical Milestones in Cryptography
Cryptographic Basics
Modern Cryptography
Symmetric Cryptography
Cryptographic Lifecycle
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 7 PKI and Cryptographic Applications
Asymmetric Cryptography
Hash Functions
Digital Signatures
Public Key Infrastructure
Asymmetric Key Management
Applied Cryptography
Cryptographic Attacks
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 8 Principles of Security Models, Design, and Capabilities
Implement and Manage Engineering Processes Using Secure Design Principles
Understand the Fundamental Concepts of Security Models
Select Controls Based On Systems Security Requirements
Understand Security Capabilities of Information Systems
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 9 Security Vulnerabilities, Threats, and Countermeasures
Assess and Mitigate Security Vulnerabilities
Client-Based Systems
Server-Based Systems
Database Systems Security
Distributed Systems and Endpoint Security
Internet of Things
Industrial Control Systems
Assess and Mitigate Vulnerabilities in Web-Based Systems
Assess and Mitigate Vulnerabilities in Mobile Systems
Assess and Mitigate Vulnerabilities in Embedded Devices and Cyber-Physical Systems
Essential Security Protection Mechanisms
Common Architecture Flaws and Security Issues
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 10 Physical Security Requirements
Apply Security Principles to Site and Facility Design
Implement Site and Facility Security Controls
Implement and Manage Physical Security
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 11 Secure Network Architecture and Securing Network Components
OSI Model
TCP/IP Model
Converged Protocols
Wireless Networks
Secure Network Components
Cabling, Wireless, Topology, Communications, and Transmission Media Technology
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 12 Secure Communications and Network Attacks
Network and Protocol Security Mechanisms
Secure Voice Communications
Multimedia Collaboration
Manage Email Security
Remote Access Security Management
Virtual Private Network
Virtualization
Network Address Translation
Switching Technologies
WAN Technologies
Miscellaneous Security Control Characteristics
Security Boundaries
Prevent or Mitigate Network Attacks
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 13 Managing Identity and Authentication
Controlling Access to Assets
Comparing Identification and Authentication
Implementing Identity Management
Managing the Identity and Access Provisioning Lifecycle
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 14 Controlling and Monitoring Access
Comparing Access Control Models
Understanding Access Control Attacks
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 15 Security Assessment and Testing
Building a Security Assessment and Testing Program
Performing Vulnerability Assessments
Testing Your Software
Implementing Security Management Processes
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 16 Managing Security Operations
Applying Security Operations Concepts
Securely Provisioning Resources
Managing Configuration
Managing Change
Managing Patches and Reducing Vulnerabilities
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 17 Preventing and Responding to Incidents
Managing Incident Response
Implementing Detective and Preventive Measures
Logging, Monitoring, and Auditing
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 18 Disaster Recovery Planning
The Nature of Disaster
Understand System Resilience and Fault Tolerance
Recovery Strategy
Recovery Plan Development
Training, Awareness, and Documentation
Testing and Maintenance
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 19 Investigations and Ethics
Investigations
Major Categories of Computer Crime
Ethics
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 20 Software Development Security
Introducing Systems Development Controls
Establishing Databases and Data Warehousing
Storing Data and Information
Understanding Knowledge-Based Systems
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Chapter 21 Malicious Code and Application Attacks
Malicious Code
Password Attacks
Application Attacks
Web Application Security
Reconnaissance Attacks
Masquerading Attacks
Summary
Exam Essentials
Written Lab
Review Questions
Appendix A Answers to Review Questions
Chapter 1: Security Governance Through Principles and Policies
Chapter 2: Personnel Security and Risk Management Concepts
Chapter 3: Business Continuity Planning
Chapter 4: Laws, Regulations, and Compliance
Chapter 5: Protecting Security of Assets
Chapter 6: Cryptography and Symmetric Key Algorithms
Chapter 7: PKI and Cryptographic Applications
Chapter 8: Principles of Security Models, Design, and Capabilities
Chapter 9: Security Vulnerabilities, Threats, and Countermeasures
Chapter 10: Physical Security Requirements
Chapter 11: Secure Network Architecture and Securing Network Components
Chapter 12: Secure Communications and Network Attacks
Chapter 13: Managing Identity and Authentication
Chapter 14: Controlling and Monitoring Access
Chapter 15: Security Assessment and Testing
Chapter 16: Managing Security Operations
Chapter 17: Preventing and Responding to Incidents
Chapter 18: Disaster Recovery Planning
Chapter 19: Investigations and Ethics
Chapter 20: Software Development Security
Chapter 21: Malicious Code and Application Attacks
Appendix B Answers to Written Labs
Chapter 1: Security Governance Through Principles and Policies
Chapter 2: Personnel Security and Risk Management Concepts
Chapter 3: Business Continuity Planning
Chapter 4: Laws, Regulations, and Compliance
Chapter 5: Protecting Security of Assets
Chapter 6: Cryptography and Symmetric Key Algorithms
Chapter 7: PKI and Cryptographic Applications
Chapter 8: Principles of Security Models, Design, and Capabilities
Chapter 9: Security Vulnerabilities, Threats, and Countermeasures
Chapter 10: Physical Security Requirements
Chapter 11: Secure Network Architecture and Securing Network Components
Chapter 12: Secure Communications and Network Attacks
Chapter 13: Managing Identity and Authentication
Chapter 14: Controlling and Monitoring Access
Chapter 15: Security Assessment and Testing
Chapter 16: Managing Security Operations
Chapter 17: Preventing and Responding to Incidents
Chapter 18: Disaster Recovery Planning
Chapter 19: Investigations and Ethics
Chapter 20: Software Development Security
Chapter 21: Malicious Code and Application Attacks
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List of Tables
Chapter 2
Table 2.1
Table 2.2
Chapter 5
Table 5.1
Table 5.2
Table 5.3
Chapter 6
Table 6.1
Table 6.2
Chapter 7
Table 7.1
Chapter 8
Table 8.1
Table 8.2
Table 8.3
Table 8.4
Chapter 9
Table 9.1
Chapter 10
Table 10.1
Table 10.2
Chapter 11
Table 11.1
Table 11.2
Table 11.3
Table 11.4
Table 11.5
Table 11.6
Table 11.7
Table 11.8
Table 11.9
Table 11.10
Table 11.11
Chapter 12
Table 12.1
Table 12.2
Table 12.3
Table 12.4
Chapter 18
Table 18.1
List of Illustrations
Chapter 1
FIGURE 1.1
The CIA Triad
FIGURE 1.2
The five elements of AAA services
FIGURE 1.3
Strategic, tactical, and operational plan timeline comparison
FIGURE 1.4
Levels of government/military classification
FIGURE 1.5
Commercial business/private sector classification levels
FIGURE 1.6
The comparative relationships of security policy components
FIGURE 1.7
An example of diagramming to reveal threat concerns
FIGURE 1.8
An example of diagramming to reveal threat concerns
Chapter 2
FIGURE 2.1
An example of separation of duties related to five admin tasks and seven administrators
FIGURE 2.2
An example of job rotation among management positions
FIGURE 2.3
Ex-employees must return all company property
FIGURE 2.4
The elements of risk
FIGURE 2.5
The six major elements of quantitative risk analysis
FIGURE 2.6
The categories of security controls in a defense-in-depth implementation
FIGURE 2.7
The six steps of the risk management framework
Chapter 3
FIGURE 3.1
Earthquake hazard map of the United States
Chapter 5
FIGURE 5.1
Data classifications
FIGURE 5.2
Clearing a hard drive
Chapter 6
FIGURE 6.1
Challenge-response authentication protocol
FIGURE 6.2
The magic door
FIGURE 6.3
Symmetric key cryptography
FIGURE 6.4
Asymmetric key cryptography
Chapter 7
FIGURE 7.1
Asymmetric key cryptography
FIGURE 7.2
Steganography tool
FIGURE 7.3
Image with embedded message
Chapter 8
FIGURE 8.1
The TCB, security perimeter, and reference monitor
FIGURE 8.2
The Take-Grant model’s directed graph
FIGURE 8.3
The Bell-LaPadula model
FIGURE 8.4
The Biba model
FIGURE 8.5
The Clark-Wilson model
FIGURE 8.6
The levels of TCSEC
Chapter 9
FIGURE 9.1
In the commonly used four-ring model, protection rings segregate the operating system into kernel, components, and drivers in rings 0 through 2 and applications and programs run at ring 3.
FIGURE 9.2
The process scheduler
Chapter 10
FIGURE 10.1
A typical wiring closet
FIGURE 10.2
The fire triangle
FIGURE 10.3
The four primary stages of fire
FIGURE 10.4
A secure physical boundary with a mantrap and a turnstile
Chapter 11
FIGURE 11.1
Representation of the OSI model
FIGURE 11.2
Representation of OSI model encapsulation
FIGURE 11.3
Representation of the OSI model peer layer logical channels
FIGURE 11.4
OSI model data names
FIGURE 11.5
Comparing the OSI model with the TCP/IP model
FIGURE 11.6
The four layers of TCP/IP and its component protocols
FIGURE 11.7
The TCP three-way handshake
FIGURE 11.8
Single-, two-, and three-tier firewall deployment architectures
FIGURE 11.9
A ring topology
FIGURE 11.10
A linear bus topology and a tree bus topology
FIGURE 11.11
A star topology
FIGURE 11.12
A mesh topology
Chapter 13
FIGURE 13.1
Graph of FRR and FAR errors indicating the CER point
Chapter 14
FIGURE 14.1
Defense in depth with layered security
FIGURE 14.2
Role Based Access Control
FIGURE 14.3
A representation of the boundaries provided by lattice-based access controls
FIGURE 14.4
Wireshark capture
Chapter 15
FIGURE 15.1
Nmap scan of a web server run from a Linux system
FIGURE 15.2
Default Apache server page running on the server scanned in Figure 15.1
FIGURE 15.3
Nmap scan of a large network run from a Mac system using the Terminal utility
FIGURE 15.4
Network vulnerability scan of the same web server that was port scanned in Figure 15.1
FIGURE 15.5
Web application vulnerability scan of the same web server that was port scanned in Figure 15.1 and network vulnerability scanned in Figure 15.2.
FIGURE 15.6
Scanning a database-backed application with sqlmap
FIGURE 15.7
Penetration testing process
FIGURE 15.8
The Metasploit automated system exploitation tool allows attackers to quickly execute common attacks against target systems.
FIGURE 15.9
Fagan inspections follow a rigid formal process, with defined entry and exit criteria that must be met before transitioning between stages.
FIGURE 15.10
Prefuzzing input file containing a series of 1s
FIGURE 15.11
The input file from Figure 15.10 after being run through the zzuf mutation fuzzing tool
Chapter 16
FIGURE 16.1
A segregation of duties control matrix
FIGURE 16.2
Creating and deploying images
FIGURE 16.3
Web server and database server
Chapter 17
FIGURE 17.1
Incident response
FIGURE 17.2
SYN flood attack
FIGURE 17.3
A man-in-the-middle attack
FIGURE 17.4
Intrusion prevention system
FIGURE 17.5
Viewing a log entry
Chapter 18
FIGURE 18.1
Flood hazard map for Miami–Dade County, Florida
FIGURE 18.2
Failover cluster with network load balancing
Chapter 20
FIGURE 20.1
Security vs. user-friendliness vs. functionality
FIGURE 20.2
The waterfall lifecycle model
FIGURE 20.3
The spiral lifecycle mode
FIGURE 20.4
The IDEAL model
FIGURE 20.5
Gantt chart
FIGURE 20.6
The DevOps model
FIGURE 20.7
Hierarchical data model
FIGURE 20.8
Customers table from a relational database
FIGURE 20.9
ODBC as the interface between applications and a backend database system
Chapter 21
FIGURE 21.1
Social Security phishing message
FIGURE 21.2
Typical database-driven website architecture
Guide
Cover
Table of Contents
Introduction
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