abstraction 2, 6, 116

agent-based modelling 26, 29, 113, 124

agent schematic 36, 70, 85, 120

agent types 29–31

goal-based 30

learning agent 10, 27, 31, 36, 70, 85

model-based reflex 30

reflex 30

utility-based reflex 30–1

AGI (artificial general intelligence) 3, 4, 8, 14, 41, 42, 44

Agile approach 45, 46, 67, 99–101, 116

AI agent 24–5, 26–31, 36, 80, 82, 86

AI algorithm 44, 66, 89, 90–3, 98, 115

AI case studies 119–33

Cambridge spin-out start-up 130–3

warehouse performance 119–24

weather 124–30

AI ethics 8, 14–18, 20, 21, 22, 44, 95, 100

AI in use in industry 102–18

agriculture 114–15

education 105–6

engineering 112–14

finance 105

health and social care 103–5

logistics 106–7

media and entertainment 108–10

military 115–16

research and development 102–3

retail 107–8

sales and marketing 116–17

transportation 110–12

AI project team 45, 46, 99–101

algorithms 88–95

AI/ML algorithms 90–3

deep learning algorithms 93–4

definition and types 89–90

ethical use 94–5

machine learning and artificial intelligence algorithms 90–3

self-learning algorithms 90

AlphaGo 8, 85

Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach 3

artificial intelligence and robotics 26–36

AI intelligent agent 26–31

what is a robot? 31–6

what is an intelligent robot? 36

Asilomar Principles 17–18

augmenting humans 96–7

augmenting machines 97

backpropagation 93

Batchelor, George 125, 127, 128

benefits, challenges and risks of AI 37–48

benefits 39–43

challenges 43–4

funding AI projects 47

opportunities 46–7

risks 44–6

sustainability 37–9

cloud computing 14, 41, 43, 46, 86–7

CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) 93

Convenience for You is Independence for Me 105

COVID-19 95, 98

creativity 2, 22, 37, 40, 110

data preparation 66–9

data scientist 45, 77, 97, 98

Daugherty, Paul R. and Wilson, H. James: Human + Machine: Reimagining Work in the Age of AI 40

DBN (deep belief network) 94

decision tree 41, 75, 88, 90, 91

Deep Blue 7, 31

diffusion of innovation 9

digital twin 28, 29, 36, 56, 66, 69, 113, 124

domain experts 46, 65, 120, 122–3, 125, 127, 128, 130, 133

Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council 15, 44

ethical and sustainable human and artificial intelligence 1–25

definition of artificial intelligence 3–4

definition of human intelligence 1–3

history of artificial intelligence 4

machine learning 24–5

sustainable AI 23–4

Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy AI 20

‘fit for purpose’ 45, 46, 67, 76, 94, 120, 121

free will 19, 27

Future of Life Institute 17–18

GAN (Generative adversarial network) 94

goal-based agent 30

Graham, R.L., Knuth D.E., and Patashnik, O.: Concrete Mathematics 54

how to build a machine learning toolbox 49–87

agents’ functionality 85–6

learning from data 49–80

neural networks 80–5

using the cloud 86–7

human-centric ethical purpose 17, 37, 38, 42, 96, 97

human learning 3, 121, 122, 123, 128

human-only systems 40

human plus machine systems 42

hyper-parameters 75

IA (intelligent automation/augmentation) 96–7

industrial revolutions 8–9, 10, 46, 96, 102–17

intelligent agent 7, 10, 26–31, 36, 107

intergenerational equity 37–8

K-means 90, 92

k-NN (k-Nearest Neighbour) 41, 90, 91–2

Knuth, D. E.: The Art of Computer Programming 54

Kurzweil, Ray 4, 6, 46, 47

The Singularity is Near 4, 46, 99

learning agent 10, 27, 31, 36, 70, 85

learning from data 10, 25, 49–80, 120

Lighthill, Sir James 6, 42

linear algebra 50–4

linear regression 90–1

logic 4, 6, 90, 106

logistic regression 91

LSTM (long short-term memory) 94

machine-only systems 40–1

management, roles and responsibilities 96–101

future directions 99

humans and machines working together 96–9

‘Learning from experience’ Agile approach 99–101

Mitchell, Tom 6, 24, 50

Machine Learning 88

ML (machine learning) 3, 6, 10, 14, 24–5, 31, 49–88, 98, 121–2, 125

ML algorithm 70–3, 88, 90–3

MLP NN (Multilayer Perceptron neural network) 93

model-based reflex agent 30

Naive Bayes 90, 92

narrow AI 41, 82, 88, 130

NASA 47, 55, 127

NN (neural network) 5, 6, 25, 36, 70, 80–5, 93

open-source 46, 52, 53, 78, 80, 86

Optalysys 130–3

over-fitting 75–7, 91

Perceptron 82, 84, 93

probability and statistics 5, 50, 57–66

Python 43, 66, 77, 78

random forest 91

RBM (Restricted Boltzmann machine) 94

recommendation engines 90

reflex agent 30

RNN (Recurrent Neural Network) 93

robotic paradigms 32–6

hierarchical 34

hybrid 35–6

reactive 34–5

Russell, Stuart 42

Human Compatible: Artificial Intelligence and the Problem of Control 24

Russell, Stuart and Norvig, Peter 5, 10, 26, 27, 28, 36, 130

Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach 3, 50

Samuel, Arthur Lee 6

scientific method 4, 10, 28, 41, 44, 88, 94, 102, 121–2, 127, 129, 133

SFIA (Skills for the Information Age) Foundation framework 101

Sternburg, Robert 2

Strang, Gilbert 50, 54

strong AI 4, 41, 42, 44

sustainability 20, 23–4, 37–9, 119, 124, 130

design 39

sustainable AI 23

three pillars 38

United Nations sustainability goals 17, 44

SVM (support vector machine) 41, 70, 90, 92

Tegmark, Max 42

Life 3.0 99

The Physics of Fluids 127

TRL (Technology Readiness Level) 47, 55, 127, 133

trustworthy AI 14, 16, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23

Turing test 4

Turing, Alan 4, 5

under-fitting 75–7

universal design 9, 19, 20

utility-based reflex agent 30–1

vector calculus 50, 54–6, 57, 66, 78, 85, 128

visualising data 69, 76–80, 128