United Nations 2002 Conference on Trade and Development IT Report, Trends and Executive Summary, p. 3.

“Where Can I Start?” Published by the Information Technology Association of America (April 2002), p. 2.

Ibid.

United Nations 2002 Conference on Trade and Development IT Report, Trends and Executive Summary, p. 6.

Ibid.

ITU Telecom Conference 1999. Paper by Yoshio Utsumi, The Spirit of TELECOM: Past, present and future, p. 5.

Speech on November 12, 2003, IBM Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Sam Palmisano—one of several of his speeches on this subject.

Speech on December 10, 2002, IBM Chairman and Chief Executive Officer Sam Palmisano

Data taken from Neilson ratings. See www.nielsen-netratings.com/.