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CTS-I Certified Technology Specialist-Installation Exam Guide, Second Edition, 2nd Edition
Cover
About the Author
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents at a Glance
Contents
Foreword
Acknowledgments
Part I. The CTS-Installation and CTS-I Exam
Chapter 1. Getting CTS-I Certification
What Does a CTS-I Certified Installer Do?
AVIXA Certifications
Why Earn Your CTS-I Credential?
Are You Eligible for the CTS-I Exam?
AVIXA Standards
Getting Started
Chapter 2. The CTS-I Exam
The Scope of the CTS-I Exam
Exam Preparation Strategies
CTS-I Exam Sample Questions
Answers to Sample CTS-I Exam Questions
Mathematical Strategies
The Exam Calculator
Order of Operations
Electrical Calculations
Electrical Basics
The CTS-I Exam Application and Processes
Getting to the Testing Center
Identification Requirements
Items Restricted from the Exam Room
About the Exam
During the Exam
Dismissal or Removal from the Exam
Hazardous Weather or Local Emergencies
Special Accommodations for Exams
Exam Scoring
Retesting
Chapter Review
Part II. The Basics of AV Installation
Chapter 3. Managing an AV Project
Scope of Work
Project Planning
Developing a Plan
Managing Project Resources and Activities
Work Breakdown Structure
Gantt Chart for Project Schedules
Logic Network Diagram for Coordinating Resources
Managing the Project Budget
Monitoring Work at the Client Site
Other Project Management Activities
Providing Project Documentation
Information-Related Documents
Change Documentation
Types of AV Projects
Key Stages of AV Installation
Pre-installation
System Fabrication
AV Installation
AV Verification
System Closeout
Ongoing Project Responsibilities
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Chapter 4. Audiovisual Documentation
Types of Drawings
Audiovisual Drawings and Diagrams
Construction Drawings
Facility Drawings
System Drawings
As-Built Drawings
The Basics of Drawings
Drawing Scales
Calculating Dimensions from Scaled Drawings
Converting Ratios
Converting Measurements
Drawing Dates
Elements of Drawings
Drawing Abbreviations
Drawing Symbols
Drawing Views
Plan View
Reflected Ceiling Plans
Elevation Drawings
Section Drawings
Detail Drawings
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Chapter 5. Pre-installation Activities
Types of Audiovisual Job Sites
Construction Site
Client-Occupied Space
Conducting a Site Survey
Technical Site Survey
Evaluating Facility Conditions
Drawing Review Process
De-installing Existing Equipment
Reusing Existing Equipment
Job Site Safety Guidelines
Safety Regulations
Safety Equipment
Audiovisual Tools
Working with Stakeholders and Other Trades
Typical Participants
Professional Behavior
Steps to Escalate a Problem
Procuring Equipment and Supplies
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Part III. System Fabrication
Chapter 6. Cable Essentials
Wire and Cable
Conductors
Insulation
Types of Cable Used in AV Systems
Coaxial Cable
Unshielded Twisted-Pair Cable
Twisted-Pair Network Cables (Cat x)
Shielded Twisted-Pair Cable
Shielded Twisted-Pair Network Cables
Fiber-Optic Cable
Combination Cables
More About Fiber-Optic Cable
Distance Limitations of Fiber
Fiber Applications
Identifying Connectors
Fiber Connectors
Plotting a Cable Route
Cable Support Systems
Cable Tray
Conduit
Cable Duct
Hook Suspension Systems
Cable Handling
Electrical Boxes
Cable Labels
Cable Pulling
Cable Pulling Tools
Pulling Tension
Cable Pulling Techniques
Cable Snout
Conduit Capacity
Jam Ratio
Cable Termination
Stripping Cable
Steps to Strip Cable
Stripping Coaxial Cable
Cable Termination Methods
Continuity Testing
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Chapter 7. Mounting AV Equipment
Mounting Process
Mounting Preparations
Review Tools Checklist
Inspect the Building Structure
Load and Weight Considerations
Mounting Hardware
Selecting Fasteners for Mounts
Drilling a Pilot Hole
Measuring Bolt Depth
Mount Placement
Floor Mounting
Wall Mounting
Ceiling Mounting
Mounting Malfunctions
Safety Considerations
Fire Safety
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Chapter 8. Rack Build
Types of AV Racks
Rack Styles
Rack Sizes
Rack Accessories
Rack Elevation Diagrams
Ergonomics
Weight Distribution
Cooling a Rack
Building a Rack
Rack Assembly
Mounting Equipment
Mounting Wireless Equipment
Rack Wiring
Block Diagrams
Connecting Devices
Power Distribution Within a Rack
Rack Grounding
Signal Separation Within a Rack
Rack Dressing
Rack Build Checklist
Load-In
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Part IV. AV Installation
Chapter 9. Audio Systems Installation
Decibels
Calculating Decibel Changes
Decibel Reference Levels
Perceived Sound Pressure Level
Audio Signal Pathway
Balanced and Unbalanced Circuits
Audio Signal Levels
Audio System Components
Microphones
Preamplifiers
Audio Mixers
Audio Processors
Power Amplifiers
Loudspeakers
Loudspeaker Systems
Installing Audio Components
Microphone Installation
Loudspeaker Installation
Loudspeaker Installation Guidelines
Direct-Coupled and Constant-Voltage Loudspeaker Wiring
Direct-Coupled Loudspeakers
Constant-Voltage Loudspeakers
Loudspeaker Transformers
Loudspeaker Taps
Loudspeaker Wiring
Series Loudspeaker Circuit
Parallel Loudspeaker Circuit
Connecting Loudspeakers
Loudspeaker Impedance
Impedance Meter
Series Circuit Impedance Formula
Parallel Circuit, Same Impedance Formula
Parallel Circuit, Differing Impedance Formula
Series/Parallel Combination Formula
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Chapter 10. Video Systems Installation
Video Signals
Video Terms and Concepts
Aspect Ratio
Frame Rate
Refresh Rate
Interlaced Scanning
Progressive Scanning
High-Definition Video Formats
Analog Video
Analog Video Signal Types
Digital Video
Digital Video Signal Types
Video Transport
Digital Video Bandwidth Requirements
Signal Loss over Distance
HDMI Repeaters
Video System Components
Cameras
Video Signal Processors
Media Servers
Media Players/Recorders
Projectors
Video Projection Technologies
Projection Screens
Direct View Displays
Video Wiring Schemes
Direct Connection
Looping Scheme
Distributed Scheme
Network Distribution Scheme
Installing Video Source Components
Cameras
Media Players
Media Servers
BYOD Support Connections
Installing Video-Processing Components
Distribution Amplifiers
Matrix Switcher
Transmitters and Receivers
Installing Video Display Components
Front-Projection Screens
Mounting an Electrically Operated Front-Projection Screen
Mounting a Manual Wall-Mounted Projection Screen
Rear-Projection Screens
Rear-Screen Installation
Rear-Screen Mirror Position
Rear-Screen Mirror Mounting
Projector Installation
Projector Position
Projector Offset
Keystone Correction
Ceiling-Mounted Projector
Mounting a Projector to the Ceiling
Flat-Panel Displays
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Part V. System Setup, Verification, and Closeout
Chapter 11. Introduction to System Verification
Standards Compliance
Performance Verification Standard
System Verification Process
Regional Regulations
Resources for Regional Codes
Verification Tools
Circuit Theory
AC and DC Currents
Circuits: Impedance and Resistance
Verifying Wiring and Power
System Wiring
Powering the System On/Off
Electrical Safety
Verifying Power and Earthing/Grounding
Power Distribution Basics
Safety Earth/Ground
Safety Reminders
Troubleshooting Methods
Step 1: Symptom Recognition and Elaboration
Step 2: List and Localize the Faulty Function
Step 3: Analysis
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Chapter 12. Networks
Role of IT Network Managers
Network Device Inventory
Ports and Protocols
Network Components
Nodes and Connections
Network Interface Controllers and MAC Addresses
Network Devices
The OSI Model
Layers of the OSI Model
The Layers
Data Transmission and OSI
Network Connections
Copper Twisted-Pair Network Cables
RJ-45 (8P8C) Connectors
Fiber-Optic Cable
Wi-Fi Connection
Ethernet
Local Area Networks
Topology
What Is Ethernet?
Isolating LAN Devices
AV over Networks
AV over Ethernet
AV over IP Networks
AES67 Interoperability
Dante
SMPTE ST2110
RAVENNA
Crestron DM NVX
AMX SVSI
Extron NAV
BlueRiver and SDVoE
Q-SYS
Wide Area Networks
WAN Topologies
Private and Public WANs
Internet Protocol
IP Addressing
IPv4 Addressing
Types of IP Addresses
IPv6 Addresses
Address Assignment
Static and Dynamic IP Addresses
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
Reserve DHCP
Automatic Private IP Addressing
Domain Name System
Internal Organizational DNS
Internal DNS Adoption
Transport Protocols
TCP Transport
UDP Transport
TCP vs. UDP
Ports
The Host Layers
The Session Layer
The Presentation Layer
The Application Layer
Bandwidth
Quality of Service
DiffServ
Security Technologies
Network Access Control
Firewall
Network Verification and Troubleshooting
Network Troubleshooting Tools
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Chapter 13. Audiovisual Control Systems
Control Systems Overview
Control System Functions
User Interfaces
Control System Hardware
Firmware
Control System Software
Types of Control Systems
Serial Data
USB
Network Control
Contact Closure
Infrared Control
Radio-Frequency Control
Control System Cable Tips
Control System Signal-Flow Diagrams
Installing Control Systems
Installing Firmware
Verifying the Control System
Troubleshooting Control Systems
Talking Control with the Customer
Performance Verification Standard
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Chapter 14. Audio Gain and System Equalization
Audio-Testing Tools
Piezo Tweeter
Audio Signal Generators
Sound Pressure Level Meters
Multimeter
Measurement Microphone
Oscilloscope
Setting System Gain
Importance of Setting System Gain
Selecting a Method of Gain Structure
Unity Gain Method
Setting Unity Gain
System Optimization Method
The Benefits of Using the Optimization Method
Setting Gain Using the System Optimization Method
Setting Gain Structure for Audio DSPs
Mixer Input Adjustments
Microphone Input Adjustments
Line Input Adjustments
Power Amplifier Adjustments
Audio Equalization
Equalization Methods
Single-Channel vs. Dual-Channel Measurements
Room-Based Loudspeaker Measurements
Real-Time Analyzer
The RTA Method
Preparation for the RTA Method
Taking RTA Measurements
Adjusting at the Equalizer
Recommended Response Curves
Dual-Channel FFT
Using Dual-Channel FFT
Tools for Using Dual-Channel FFT
The Dual-Channel FFT Method
Next Steps
Reading a Comb Filter
Adjusting for a Neutral Transfer Function
Finishing the Equalization Process
Performance Verification Standard
Audio Performance Verification Items
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Chapter 15. Video System Setup and Verification
Video Verification
Introduction to EDID
EDID Packets
How EDID Works
EDID Table
EDID Troubleshooting
EDID Tools
Resolution Issues
No Handshake, No Picture
Switching Sources
Managing EDID Solutions
Building an EDID Strategy
Digital Rights Management
High-Bandwidth Digital Content Protection
HDCP Interfaces
How HDCP Works
HDCP Device Authentication and Key Exchange
HDCP Locality Check
HDCP Session Key Exchange
HDCP and Switchers
HDCP Authentication with Repeaters
HDCP Device Limits
HDCP Troubleshooting
Verifying the Video Signal Path
Signal Extenders
Verifying Video Sources
Camera Adjustments
Verifying Display Components
Identify Display Parameters
Set Contrast
Set Chroma Level
Image System Contrast
Audio/Video Sync
Verifying Audio/Video Sync
Correcting Audio/Video Sync Errors
Video Verification Checklists
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Chapter 16. Conducting System Closeout
Performing Site Cleanup
Refuse Management
Cleaning a Screen
Closeout Documentation
Verification Standard for System Closeout
Drawings of Record
Operational Documentation
Punch/Snag/Problem List
Customer Training
Customer Sign-off
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Part VI. Ongoing Project Responsibilities
Chapter 17. Maintaining and Repairing Audiovisual Systems
Troubleshooting
Preparing to Troubleshoot
Selecting a Strategy
Troubleshooting in Live Events
System Maintenance
Preventive Maintenance
Devising a Preventive Maintenance Schedule
Creating a Maintenance Log
Maintaining Your Tools
Staying Sharp
Staying Safe
Staying Accurate
Chapter Review
Review Questions
Answers
Part VII. Appendixes and Glossary
Appendix A. Math Formulas Used in AV Installations
Using the Proper Order of Operations
Steps to Solving Word Problems
Step 1: Understand the Problem
Step 2: Create a Plan
Step 3: Execute Your Plan
Step 4: Check Your Answer
Rounding
Some AV Math Formulas
Appendix B. AVIXA Standards
Published Standards, Recommended Practices, and Technical Reports
Standards in Development
Appendix C. AVIXA AV Standards Clearinghouse
Appendix D. Video Link
Appendix E. About the Online Content
System Requirements
Your Total Seminars Training Hub Account
Privacy Notice
Single User License Terms and Conditions
TotalTester Online
Technical Support
Glossary
Index
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