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by Alexandros Drymonitis
Digital Electronics for Musicians
Cover
Title
Copyright
Contents at a Glance
Contents
About the Author
About the Technical Reviewer
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Chapter 1: Introduction to Pure Data
Pd Basics: How It Works
Our First Patch
The Control Domain
Execution Order
Bang!
Comments
Getting Help
GUIs
Pd Patches Behave Like Text Files
Making Oscillators in Pd
Making a Triangle Wave Oscillator
Making a Sawtooth Oscillator
Making a Square Wave Oscillator
Using Tables in Pd
Subpatches and Abstractions
Control Domain vs. Signal Domain
Audio Input in Pd
Basic Electronic Music Techniques
Additive Synthesis
Ring Modulation
Amplitude Modulation
Frequency Modulation
Envelopes
Delay Lines in Pd
Reverb
Filters
Making Wireless Connections
Audio and MIDI Settings
Additional Thoughts
Conclusion
Chapter 2: Introduction to Arduino
Arduino Jump Start
Parts List
The Blink Sketch
Digital Input
Defining Variables in Arduino
Further Explanation of the Code
Classes in Arduino and the Serial Communication
Further Explanation
Building Circuits on a Breadboard
Pull-up vs. Pull-down Resistors
Both Digital Input and Output
Analog Input
Analog Input and Output
Reading More Than One Pin, Arrays, and the for Loop
Explaining the for Loop
Using Arrays in Arduino
Analog and Digital Input
Communicating with Pd
Sending Data from Pd to Arduino
Conclusion
Chapter 3: Embedded Computers and Going Wireless
Before You Begin
Parts List
Why Use Embedded Computers?
Which Embedded Computer?
Getting Started with the Pi
Getting Your Computer’s IP
Logging in the Pi from OS X and Linux
Logging in from Windows
Configure the Pi
Navigating Through the Linux system
Editing Text Files in Linux
Installing Software
Installing Pd
Launching Pd
Setting up External Libraries in Pd
Installing Arduino
Let’s Talk About Versions
Exchanging Files Between Your Computer and the Pi
Transfer Files from OS X and Linux to the Pi, and Vice Versa
Transfer Files from Windows to the Pi and Vice Versa
Changing the IP of the Pi
Setting a Static IP on Linux
Setting a Static IP on OS X
Setting a Static IP on Windows
Log in to the Pi Without a Router
Shutting Down the Pi
Going Wireless
Bluetooth vs. XBee
Using a Bluetooth Module with Arduino
Using the XBee with Arduino
Conclusion
Chapter 4: Getting Started with Musical Applications
Parts List
Phase Modulation Interface
How Phase Modulation Works
Making the Pd Patch
Arduino Code for Phase Modulation Patch
Circuit for Arduino Code
A Simple Drum Machine Interface
Building the Pd Patch
Arduino Code for Drum Machine Patch
Drum Machine and Phase Modulation Combination
Arduino Code
Arduino Circuit
Pd Patch for Drum Machine-Phase Modulation Interface
Conclusion
Chapter 5: A Simple Synthesizer Using a MIDI Keyboard and Arduino
Parts List
What Is MIDI?
Pd and MIDI
How [notein] Works
Using a Different Tuning and an Amplitude Envelope with [notein]
Polyphony with MIDI in Pd
MIDI Control Messages in Pd
Pitch Bend Messages in Pd
Program Change MIDI Messages in Pd
Arduino Code
Explaining the Code
Pd Patch
The arduino_stuff Subpatch
The create_envelope and generic_data Subpatches
The [poly_synth~] Abstraction
The [pd $0-voice_creation_loop] subpatch
How Dollar Signs Work in Pd
The [synth_voice~] Abstraction
The filter~ Subpatch
Done with Patching, Time to Test
Arduino Receiving MIDI Messages from the MIDI Keyboard
Arduino Circuit Additions
Arduino Code Additions
Pd Patch Receiving MIDI Data from Arduino
Running the Pd patch on Raspberry Pi
Launching Pd on Boot with the Raspbian Jessie Image
Launching Pd on Boot with the Raspbian Wheezy Image or with Another Embedded Computer Running Debian Jessie
Shutting Down the Pi (or Any Embedded Computer) While Running Headless
A Small Caveat for the Raspbian and Debian Wheezy Images
Using an External Sound Card with the Pi
Editing the Pd Patch When Pd is Running on Boot
Enclosing the Pi in the Keyboard
Choosing the Perforated Board
Reducing the Wires of Your Circuit Board
Choosing the Right Power Supply and Getting Access to the Power Pins
Accessing the MIDI Pins
Bringing the Power Input and Audio Output out of the Enclosure
Conclusion
Chapter 6: An Interactive Bow
Parts List
Writing Custom Functions
A Function of the Data Type void
Actual Code for the Project
The Test Circuit of the Accelerometer
The Test Pd Patch
Building the Pd Patch
How to Use the Graph-On-Parent Feature
Setting the Properties of the GOP GUIs
What We Have Achieved So Far in this Project’s Pd Patch
Using the Canvas to Create Visual Feedback
Building the Audio Processing Part of the Patch
The Finished Patch
Additions to the Arduino Sketch
Finalizing the Circuit
Using Bluetooth and a Voltage Divider Instead of the XBee
Conclusion
Chapter 7: An Interactive Drum Set
Parts List
Other Things We’ll Need
First Approach to Detecting Drum Hits
First Version of the Circuit
Read the Drum Hits in Pd
Getting the Maximum Value in Arduino
Getting the Maximum Value in Pd
Having Some Fun Before We Finalize
Working Further with the Circuit and Arduino Code
Adding Switches and LEDs to the Circuit and Code
Building the Final Pd Patch
Building the Audio File Abstraction
Building the Abstraction to Receive Input from the Arduino
Sending the Threshold and Debounce Values to the Arduino
The Main Patch
Finalizing the Arduino Code
Making the Circuit Enclosure
Conclusion
Chapter 8: A DIY Theremin
Parts List
Using a Proximity Sensor with the Arduino
Refreshing Our Memory on Serial.write
Proximity Sensor Circuit
Pd Patch That Reads the Proximity Sensor Data
Smoothing out the Sensor Values
Using Two Proximity Sensors and Four Potentiometers
The Arduino Code
The Circuit
The Pd Patch
Building the Oscillators for the Theremin
Creating Band-Limited Waveforms
Reading the Stored Band-Limited Waveforms
Finalizing the Interface
Adding Push Buttons to the Arduino Code to Control the Waveforms of the Oscillators
Making the Circuit
Putting It All Together
Enclosing the Project with an Embedded Computer
Adding a Push Button for Switching off the Embedded Computer
Reading the Extra Push Button in Pd
Writing the Script to Shut the Embedded Computer Down
Loading the Pd Patch on Boot
Conclusion
Chapter 9: Making a Looper
Parts List
What Is a Looper?
Recording Our First Sounds in Pd
Playing Back the Recorded Sound
Changing the Direction of the Playback
Making Recordings of Arbitrary Lengths
Retrieving the Length of the Recording
Overdubbing
Getting Rid of Clipping
Getting the Start Position of the Overdubbing
Knowing When to Stop Overdubbing
Synchronizing End of Recording with Beginning of Playback
Start Building the Interface
Writing the Arduino Code
Building the Circuit on a Breadboard
Working Further on the Pd Patch
The Recording Module
The Phase Module
The Playback Module
The Overdub Module
The Overdub Position Module
The Arduino Module
The Table Copying Module
Putting It All Together
Making Some Final Improvements
Modifying the Arduino Code
Modifying the Pd Patch
Enclosing the Circuit in a Box
Conclusion
Chapter 10: A Patch-Bay Matrix Synthesizer
Parts List
What We Want to Achieve in this Chapter
Extending the Arduino Analog Pins
How a Multiplexer Works
Writing Code to Control a Multiplexer
Wiring 16 Potentiometers to the Multiplexer
Reading the 16 Potentiometers in Pd
Extending the Arduino Digital Pins
Using the Input Shift Register
Using the Output Shift Register
Combining the Input and Output Shift Registers
Making a Patch-Bay Matrix
Implementing a Patch-Bay Matrix with the Arduino
Making the Pd Patch That Reads the Connections
Making the Patch-Bay Matrix Circuit
Start Building the Audio Part of the Pd Patch
A Signal Matrix in Pd
Building the Modules for the Synthesizer
The Final Patch
The arduino_stuff Subpatch
The Final Arduino Code
Using Binary Numbers for Masking
The check_connections Function
The Main loop Function
Controlling the LEDs with the Switches of the Shift Registers
The Final Circuit
Making an Enclosure
Shutting down the Embedded Computer
Conclusion
Index
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Copyright
Digital Electronics for Musicians
Alexandros Drymonitis
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