- Java Cookbook
- Preface
- 1. Getting Started: Compiling, Running, and Debugging
- Introduction
- Compiling and Running Java: JDK
- Editing and Compiling with a Color-Highlighting Editor
- Compiling, Running, and Testing with an IDE
- Using Classes from This Book
- Automating Compilation with jr
- Automating Compilation with make
- Automating Compilation with Ant
- Running Applets
- Dealing with Deprecation Warnings
- Conditional Debugging without #ifdef
- Debugging Printouts
- Using a Debugger
- Unit Testing: Avoid the Need for Debuggers
- Decompiling Java Class Files
- Preventing Others from Decompiling Your Java Files
- Getting Readable Tracebacks
- Finding More Java Source Code
- Program: Debug
- 2. Interacting with the Environment
- 3. Strings and Things
- Introduction
- Taking Strings Apart with Substrings
- Taking Strings Apart with StringTokenizer
- Putting Strings Together with + and StringBuffer
- Processing a String One Character at a Time
- Aligning Strings
- Converting Between Unicode Characters and Strings
- Reversing a String by Word or Character
- Expanding and Compressing Tabs
- Controlling Case
- Indenting Text Documents
- Entering Non-Printable Characters
- Trimming Blanks from the End of a String
- Parsing Comma-Separated Data
- Program: A Simple Text Formatter
- Program: Soundex Name Comparisons
- 4. Pattern Matching with Regular Expressions
- Introduction
- Regular Expression Syntax
- How REs Work in Practice
- Using Regular Expressions in Java
- Testing REs Interactively
- Finding the Matching Text
- Replacing the Matching Text
- Printing All Occurrences of a Pattern
- Printing Lines Containing a Pattern
- Controlling Case in match( ) and subst( )
- Precompiling the RE
- Matching Newlines in Text
- Program: Data Mining
- Program: Full Grep
- 5. Numbers
- Introduction
- Checking Whether a String Is a Valid Number
- Storing a Larger Number in a Smaller
- Taking a Fraction of an Integer Without Using Floating Point
- Ensuring the Accuracy of Floating-Point Numbers
- Comparing Floating-Point Numbers
- Rounding Floating-Point Numbers
- Formatting Numbers
- Converting Between Binary, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal
- Operating on a Series of Integers
- Working with Roman Numerals
- Formatting with Correct Plurals
- Generating Random Numbers
- Generating Better Random Numbers
- Calculating Trigonometric Functions
- Taking Logarithms
- Multiplying Matrixes
- Using Complex Numbers
- Handling Very Large Numbers
- Program: TempConverter
- Program: Number Palindromes
- 6. Dates and Times
- Introduction
- Finding Today’s Date
- Printing Date/Time in a Specified Format
- Representing Dates in Other Epochs
- Converting YMDHMS to a Calendar or Epoch Seconds
- Parsing Strings into Dates
- Converting Epoch Seconds to DMYHMS
- Adding to or Subtracting from a Date or Calendar
- Difference Between Two Dates
- Comparing Dates
- Day of Week/Month/Year or Week Number
- Calendar Page
- High-Resolution Timers
- Sleeping for a While
- Program: Reminder Service
- 7. Structuring Data with Java
- Introduction
- Data Structuring Using Arrays
- Resizing an Array
- Like an Array, but More Dynamic
- Data-Independent Access with Iterators
- Structuring Data in a Linked List
- Mapping with Hashtable and HashMap
- Storing Strings in Properties and Preferences
- Sorting a Collection
- Sorting in Java 1.1
- Avoiding the Urge to Sort
- Sets
- Finding an Object in a Collection
- Converting a Collection to an Array
- Rolling Your Own Iterator
- Stack
- Multidimensional Structures
- Finally, Collections
- Program: Timing Comparisons
- 8. Object-Oriented Techniques
- 9. Input and Output
- Reading/Writing a Different Character Set
- Those Pesky End-of-Line Characters
- Beware Platform-Dependent File Code
- Reading “Continued” Lines
- Scanning a File
- Binary Data
- Seeking
- Writing Data Streams from C
- Saving and Restoring Serialized Objects
- Preventing ClassCastExceptions with SerialVersionUID
- Reading and Writing JAR or Zip Archives
- Reading and Writing Compressed Files
- Program: Text to PostScript
- Program: TarList (File Converter)
- 10. Directory and Filesystem Operations
- 11. Programming Serial and Parallel Ports
- 12. Graphics and Sound
- Drawing Text with 2D
- Printing: JDK 1.1
- Printing: Java 2
- Program: PlotterAWT
- Program: Grapher
- 13. Graphical User Interfaces
- Introduction
- Displaying GUI Components
- Designing a Window Layout
- A Tabbed View of Life
- Action Handling: Making Buttons Work
- Action Handling Using Anonymous Inner Classes
- Terminating a Program with “Window Close”
- Dialogs: When Later Just Won’t Do
- Getting Program Output into a Window
- Choosing a File with JFileChooser
- Choosing a Color
- Centering a Main Window
- Changing a Swing Program’s Look and Feel
- Program: Custom Font Chooser
- Program: Custom Layout Manager
- 14. Internationalization and Localization
- Introduction
- Creating a Button with I18N Resources
- Listing Available Locales
- Creating a Menu with I18N Resources
- Writing Internationalization Convenience Routines
- Creating a Dialog with I18N Resources
- Creating a Resource Bundle
- JILTing Your Code
- Using a Particular Locale
- Setting the Default Locale
- Formatting Messages
- Program: MenuIntl
- Program: BusCard
- 15. Network Clients
- Reading and Writing Textual Data
- Reading and Writing Binary Data
- Reading and Writing Serialized Data
- UDP Datagrams
- Program: TFTP UDP Client
- Program: Telnet Client
- Program: Chat Client
- 16. Server-Side Java: Sockets
- 17. Network Clients II: Applets and Web Clients
- Introduction
- Embedding Java in a Web Page
- Applet Techniques
- Contacting a Server on the Applet Host
- Making an Applet Show a Document
- Making an Applet Run a CGI Script
- Reading the Contents of a URL
- Extracting HTML from a URL
- Extracting URLs from a File
- Converting a Filename to a URL
- Program: MkIndex
- Program: LinkChecker
- 18. Web Server Java: Servlets and JSP
- HTML Meets Java: JSP
- JSP Include/Forward
- JavaServer Pages Using a Servlet
- Simplifying Your JSP with a JavaBean
- JSP Syntax Summary
- Program: CookieCutter
- Program: JabaDot Web News Portal
- 19. Java and Electronic Mail
- 20. Database Access
- Introduction
- Text-File Databases
- DBM Databases
- JDBC Setup and Connection
- Connecting to a JDBC Database
- Sending a JDBC Query and Getting Results
- Using JDBC Parameterized Statements
- Using Stored Procedures with JDBC
- Changing Data Using a ResultSet
- Changing Data Using SQL
- Finding JDBC Metadata
- Program: JDAdmin
- 21. XML
- 22. Distributed Java: RMI
- 23. Packages and Packaging
- Introduction
- Creating a Package
- Documenting Classes with Javadoc
- Archiving with jar
- Running an Applet from a JAR
- Running an Applet with a JDK
- Running a Program from a JAR
- Preparing a Class as a JavaBean
- Pickling Your Bean into a JAR
- Packaging a Servlet into a WAR File
- “Write Once, Install Anywhere”
- Java Web Start
- Signing Your JAR File
- 24. Threaded Java
- 25. Introspection, or “A Class Named Class”
- 26. Using Java with Other Languages
- 27. Afterword
- Index
- Colophon
A JAR file can be digitally signed to verify the identity of its creator. This is very similar to digital signing of web sites: consumers are trained not to enter sensitive information such as credit card numbers into a web form unless the “padlock” icon shows that it is digitally signed. Signing JAR files uses the security API in the core Java 2 platform. You can sign JAR files for use with Java applets (see Chapter 17) or JWS (Section 23.12). In either case, the jarsigner tool is used. This program is part of the Java 2 standard edition.
You can purchase a certificate from one of the commercial signing agencies when you are ready to go live. Meanwhile, for testing, you can " self-sign” a certificate. Here are the steps needed to sign a JAR file with a test certificate:
Create a new key in a new “keystore” as follows:
keytool -genkey -keystore myKeystore -alias myself
The alias “myself” is arbitrary; its intent is to remind you that it is a self-signed key so you don’t put it into production by accident.
The program will prompt you in the terminal window for information about the new key. It will ask for a password for protecting the keystore. Then it will ask for your name, department, organization, city, state, country, and so on. This information will go into the new keystore file on disk.
Create a self-signed test certificate:
keytool -selfcert -alias myself -keystore myKeystore
You will have to give the keystore password, and then
keytoolwill generate the certificate.You may want to verify that the steps up to here worked correctly. You can list the contents of the keystore:
keytool -list -keystore myKeystore
The output should look something like the following:
Keystore type: jks Keystore provider: SUN Your keystore contains 1 entry: myself, Mon Dec 18 11:05:27 EST 2000, keyEntry, Certificate fingerprint (MD5): 56:9E:31:81:42:07:BF:FF:42:01:CB:42:51:42:96:B6
You can now sign the JAR file with your test certificate:
jarsigner -keystore myKeystore test.jar myself
The jarsigner tool will update the
META-INF directory of
your JAR file to contain certificate information and digital
signatures for each entry in the archive. This can take a while,
depending on the speed of your CPU, the number of entries in the
archive, and so on. The end result is a signed JAR file that will be
acceptable to applet-enabled browsers, Java Web Start, and any other
mechanisms that require
a signed JAR file.
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