Notes

Introduction

  1. Market capitalization data for BAT (Baidu, Alibaba, and Tencent) and FAANG (Facebook, Apple, Amazon.com, Netflix, and Google): finance.yahoo.com, accessed May 5, 2020.

Chapter 1

  1. UNICEF’s U-Report:  Victoria Maskell, “Hurricane Irma: U-Report Works to Protect Children,” UNICEF Connect, September 7, 2017, https://blogs.unicef.org/blog/hurricane-irma-u-report-works-protect-children/; “UNICEF + Trello | Tips & Tools for Extreme Remote Teamwork,” Youtube.com, November 27, 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bSToAcRHahY; “U-Report,” UNICEF, https://www.unicef.org/innovation/U-Report; email exchange with Victoria Maskell, June 4, 2019.

  2. Edison history and quote:  Randall E. Stross, The Wizard of Menlo Park: How Thomas Alva Edison Invented the Modern World (New York: Crown, 2007).

  3. Definition of culture:  Edgar H. Schein, Organizational Culture and Leadership (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1985).

  4. UNICEF UPSHIFT case study:  Lisar Morina, “Youth Engagement for a Better World: Sejnur Veshall’s Road to Social Change-Making,” Innovations Lab Kosovo, June 13, 2017, http://kosovoinnovations.org/youth-engagement-for-a-better-world-sejnur-veshalls-road-to-social-change-making/; “UPSHIFT,” UNICEF, https://www.unicef.org/innovation/UPSHIFT; “Story for Golden Hands,” YouTube, August 29, 2017, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZZXr3uzu6oc; emails from Tanya Accone and Katherine Crisp, June 13, 2019, and June 19, 2019.

  5. Benefits of a culture of innovation:  “Creativity Pays. Here’s How Much,” Bloomberg Businessweek, April 24, 2016; “Glassdoor & MIT Sloan Management Review Launch Culture 500,” Glassdoor, https://www.glassdoor.com/research/studies/mit-culture-500/; “Gallup Q12 Meta-Analysis Report,” Gallup, https://news.gallup.com/reports/191489/q12-meta-analysis-report-2016.aspx; Paul van Keeken, “How Creativity Impacts Business Results,” Adobe.com, April 23, 2015, https://blogs.adobe.com/creative/how-creativity-impacts-business-results/; “How Customer Experience Impacts Company Stock Performance,” Forrester, February 22, 2018; “The Business Impact of Investing in Experience,” Forrester Consulting Thought Leadership, April 2018; Adi Gaskell, “New Study Finds That Collaboration Drives Workplace Performance,” Forbes, June 22, 2017; Darrell K. Rigby, Steve Berez, Greg Caimi, and Andrew Noble, “Agile Innovation,” Bain & Company, April 19, 2016; Charles Duhigg, “What Google Learned from Its Quest to Build the Perfect Team,” New York Times, February 25, 2016; Sergio Fernandez and Tima Moldogaziev, “Employee Empowerment, Employee Attitudes, and Performance: Testing a Causal Model,” Public Administration Review 73, no. 3 (April 13, 2013).

The Salvation Army Case Study

  1. The Salvation Army brings supplies to Gander:  Ken Ramstead, “Memories of 9/11,” Salvationist, September 8, 2016, https://salvationist.ca/articles/2016/09/911-gander-salvation-army/.

  2. History and overview of The Salvation Army:  “Transforming Lives Since 1865,” https://story.salvationarmy.org/; Elisha Fieldstadt, “Salvation Army Red Kettles by the Numbers,” NBC News, December 24, 2015, https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/season-of-kindness/salvation-army-red-kettles-numbers-n472246; Drew Lindsay, “Who’s Raising the Most: the 100 Charities That Are America’s Favorites,” Chronicle of Philanthropy, October 30, 2018, https://www.philanthropy.com/article/Who-s-Raising-the-Most-The/244933.

  3. Mobile Joes story:  Robert Mitchell, “Brew Something!” SA Connects, https://saconnects.org/brew-something/.

  4. Apple Pay story:  Kathleen Foody and The Associated Press, “No Cash? Now You Can Donate to the Salvation Army Using Apple Pay or Google Pay,” Fortune.com, November 30, 2019, https://fortune.com/2019/11/30/salvation-army-mobile-donations/.

  5. Strike Point grant program:  https://easternusa.salvationarmy.org/use/news/event-strikepoint; interview with Lt. Col. Jim LaBossiere, April 15, 2019.

  6. The Salvation Factory’s purpose and mission:  “Who We Are,” The Salvation Factory, https://www.salvationfactory.org/about/who-we-are/; interview with Steve and Sharon Bussey, April 15, 2019.

Chapter 2

  1. Kindergarten graduates outperform MBAs on the marshmallow challenge:  Tom Wujec, “Build a Tower, Build a Team,” TED, February 2010, https://www.ted.com/talks/tom_wujec_build_a_tower_build_a_team.

  2. Microsoft’s miss:  Robert A. Guth, “Microsoft Bid to Beat Google Builds on a History of Misses,” Wall Street Journal, January 16, 2009.

  3. Bower and Gilbert on strategy: Joseph L. Bower and Clark G. Gilbert, From Resource Allocation to Strategy (New York: Oxford University Press, 2005).

  4. Data from Innosight survey:  “The Strategy Confidence Gap,” Innosight, Winter 2014, https://www.innosight.com/insight/the-strategy-confidence-gap/.

  5. Rita McGrath story:  Rita Gunther McGrath, Seeing Around Corners (New York: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2019).

DBS Case Study

  1. “It is demonstrably the case …”:  “World’s Best Digital Bank 2016: DBS,” Euromoney, July 6, 2016, https://www.euromoney.com/article/b12kq6p8mv5rh3/world39s-best-digital-bank-2016-dbs.

  2. UK Design Council 4D model:  “The Design Process: What Is the Double Diamond?” Design Council, https://www.designcouncil.org.uk/news-opinion/design-process-what-double-diamond.

  3. MOJO effort:  Scott D. Anthony, Paul Cobban, Rahul Nair, and Natalie Painchaud, “Breaking Down the Barriers to Innovation,” Harvard Business Review, November–December 2019.

Chapter 3

  1. Learning to ride a bike backward:  “It’s Like Riding a Backwards Bicycle,” The Arbinger Institute, February 13, 2018, www.arbingerinstitute.com/BlogDetail?id=91.

  2. Lessons from habit-change literature:  See the Culture of Innovation Bookshelf in the appendix.

  3. History of Alcoholics Anonymous:  “Historical Data: The Birth of AA and Its Growth in the US/Canada,” Alcoholics Anonymous, https://www.aa.org/pages/en_US/historical-data-the-birth-of-aa-and-its-growth-in-the-uscanada.

  4. History of WW:  “WW International,” Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WW_International.

  5. Steve Kerr’s management classic:  Steven Kerr, “On the Folly of Rewarding A, While Hoping for B,” Academy of Management Journal, December 1975, http://www.csus.edu/indiv/s/sablynskic/documents/rewardinga.pdf.

  6. Amazon.com Future Press Release:  John Rossman, “Innovate Like Amazon with the Future Press Release,” The Amazon Way, May 24, 2019, http://the-amazon-way.com/blog/future-press-release/.

  7. Lunch Roulette BEAN:  Sylvia Ann Hewlett, “A New Way to Network inside Your Company,” Harvard Business Review Online, January 8, 2013, https://hbr.org/2013/01/a-new-way-to-network-inside-yo.

  8. Dare to Try:  Amrita Nair Ghaswalla, “Daring to Fail: A Programme That Lauds the Unsuccessful,” Hindustan Business Line, September 24, 2014, https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/Daring-to-fail-a-programme-that-lauds-the-unsuccessful/article20872449.ece.

  9. Adobe Kickbox program:  David Burkus, “Inside Adobe’s Innovation Kit,” Harvard Business Review Online, February 23, 2015, https://hbr.org/2015/02/inside-adobes-innovation-kit.

Hyderabad Case Study

  1. BEANs in Hyderabad:  Anthony et al., “Breaking Down the Barriers Innovation.”

Chapter 4

  1. Richard Pascale quote:  Richard Tanner Pascale, Jerry Sternin, and Monique Sternin, The Power of Positive Deviance: How Unlikely Innovators Solve the World’s Toughest Problems (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2010).

  2. “Jobs to be done” theory:  Clayton M. Christensen, Taddy Hall, Karen Dillon, and David S. Duncan, Competing Against Luck: The Story of Innovation and Customer Choice (New York: HarperCollins, 2016).

  3. Tools to manage ambiguity:  Scott D. Anthony, The First Mile: A Launch Manual for Getting Great Ideas into the Market (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2014).

  4. Tom Fishburne on the power of humor:  “The Power of Laughing at Ourselves at Work,” TED, October 2018, https://www.ted.com/talks/tom_fishburne_the_power_of_laughing_at_ourselves_at_work#t-143675.

Chapter 5

  1. Danfoss’s Man on the Moon:  Astrid Stokholm, “Danfoss: We Design the Full Experience,” Danish Design Award, October 31, 2018, http://danishdesignaward.com/en/2018/10/we-design-the-full-experience/.

  2. Google’s bureaucracy buster program:  Laszlo Bock, Work Rules!: Insights from inside Google That Will Transform How You Live and Lead (New York: Hachette Book Group, 2015).

  3. MetLife’s LumenLab Wall of Customers:  Interview with MetLife Asia-Pacific chief innovation officer Zia Zaman, January 20, 2020.

  4. Optus Customer Close-Ups:  “Innovating for a Better Tomorrow: 2016 Optus Sustainability Report,” Optus, https://www.optus.com.au/content/dam/optus/documents/about-us/sustainability/Sustainability-Report-2016.pdf.

  5. HubSpot’s Unlimited Free Books:  Riley Stefano, “HubSpot Named a Best Company for Happiness, Perks & Benefits, and Work-Life Balance by Employees Comparably,” Hubspot, October 3, 2019, https://www.hubspot.com/company-news/comparablyawards.

  6. Qualcomm’s My Pain Point:  Jorge Barba, “Q&A: Babak Forutanpour on How to Start a Grass Roots Innovation Program in a Big Company,” Game-Changer, October 7, 2013, http://www.game-changer.net/2013/10/07/qa-babak-forutanpour-start-grass-roots-innovation-program-big-company/#.XkpDdGgzZ3j.

  7. Qualcomm’s Stump Google Search:  Babak Forutanpour, “Don’t Dream Alone: Story of an Employee-Run Innovation Program in a Fortune 500 (Part XI–Final),” LinkedIn, October 12, 2017, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/dont-dream-alone-story-employee-run-innovation-500-part-forutanpour-2/.

  8. Lafley’s “our behind was right facing the customer”:  Discussion with Scott Anthony at the May 2008 PDMA and IIR Front End of Innovation conference in Boston. A summary of this conversation appears in Scott D. Anthony, “Game-Changing at Procter & Gamble,” Strategy & Innovation 6, no. 4 (2008).

  9. Lilly Cone’s reflections:  Email from Anne Lilly Cone, July 1, 2015.

  10. Joint Forces Command:  Interview with Sir Chris Deverell, May 13, 2019; site visit to the jHub, April 10, 2019.

  11. Settlement Music School story:  Scott D. Anthony, David S. Duncan, and Pontus M. A. Siren, “Build an Innovation Engine in 90 Days,” Harvard Business Review, December 2014; Scott D. Anthony, Clark G. Gilbert, and Mark W. Johnson, Dual Transformation: How to Reposition Today’s Business While Creating the Future (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2017); “Dual Transformation in Action: Reinventing Today While Creating Tomorrow,” Innosight CEO Summit Report 2017, https://www.innosight.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/CEO-Summit-2017-Chapter-Two-Dual-Transformation-in-Action.pdf; email with Helen Eaton, May 8, 2020.

  12. Curiosity quotient tool:  This tool first appeared in the appendix of Anthony et al., Dual Transformation.

Chapter 6

  1. Steve Jobs quote on connecting things:  Gary Wolf, “Steve Jobs: The Next Insanely Great Thing,” Wired, February 1, 1996, https://www.wired.com/1996/02/jobs-2/.

  2. BNP Paribas’s Innovation Book and Awards:  Constance Chalchat, “BNP Paribas CIB Celebrates Innovation with the CIB Innovation Awards 2015,” LinkedIn, February 2, 2016, https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/bnp-paribas-cib-celebrates-innovation-awards-2015-constance-chalchat/.

  3. Toyota A3 report:  Hirotaka Takeuchi, Emi Osono, and Norihiko Shimizu, “The Contradictions That Drive Toyota’s Success,” Harvard Business Review, June 2008.

  4. Amazon.com empty chair:  John Koetsier, “Why Every Amazon Meeting Has at Least 1 Empty Chair,” Inc., April 5, 2018, https://www.inc.com/john-koetsier/why-every-amazon-meeting-has-at-least-one-empty-chair.html.

  5. Nordstrom’s “Yes, and …”:  “Nordstrom Technology NorDNA Culture Deck,” Slideshare, January 15, 2015, https://www.slideshare.net/NordstromPeopleLab/nordstrom-technology-nordna-culture-deck.

  6. Pixar BEANs:  Ed Catmull with Amy Wallace, Creativity, Inc.: Overcoming the Unseen Forces That Stand in the Way of Creativity (New York: Random House, 2014).

  7. Ed Catmull reflecting on Frozen 2:  Email from Ed Catmull, November 4, 2019.

  8. Intuit’s design-driven transformation:  “Why Intuit founder Scott Cook Wants You to Stop Listening to Your Boss,” interview with Drake Baer, Fast Company, October 28, 2013, http://www.fastcompany.com/3020699/bottom-line/why-intuit-founder-scott-cook-wants-you-to-stop-listening-to-your-boss; Brad Smith, “Intuit’s CEO on Building a Design-Driven Company,” Harvard Business Review, January–February 2015, https://hbr.org/2015/01/intuits-ceo-on-building-a-design-driven-company; “Intuit Founder and Chairman of the Executive Committee Scott Cook on Culture Change That Sticks,” panel discussion at Innosight 2018 CEO event, August 7, 2018, https://vimeo.com/291177163.

  9. Fiona Fairhurst story:  “A Revolutionary Swimsuit,” 2009 European Inventor Awards, https://www.epo.org/learning-events/european-inventor/finalists/2009/fairhurst.html.

  10. Nick Musyoka story:  Scott D. Anthony, “The New Corporate Garage,” Harvard Business Review, September 2012.

Chapter 7

  1. Atlassian’s premortem:  “Premortem,” Atlassian Team Playbook, https://www.atlassian.com/team-playbook/plays/pre-mortem.

  2. Supercell’s beer and champagne ritual:  “The Best Teams Make the Best Games,” Supercell, https://supercell.com/en/our-story/.

  3. Google’s #MonkeyFirst:  Astro Teller, “Tackle the Monkey First,” Blog.x.company, December 8, 2016, https://blog.x.company/tackle-the-monkey-first-90fd6223e04d.

  4. Innocent’s Just Go With It:  “Innocent Employee Innovation,” Engage for Success 2012, https://engageforsuccess.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Innocent-Employee-Innovation.pdf.

  5. Airbnb’s Live from Day 1:  Alice Truong, “The Oddball Ways Tech Companies Welcome You on Your First Day of Work,” Quartz, March 8, 2015, https://qz.com/346035/the-oddball-ways-tech-companies-welcome-you-on-your-first-day-of-work/.

  6. Intelligent failure:  Amy C. Edmondson, The Fearless Organization: Creating Psychological Safety in the Workplace for Learning, Innovation, and Growth (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2019).

  7. Metaphor of roulette, blackjack, and chess:  Michael J. Mauboussin, The Success Equation: Untangling Luck and Skill in Business, Sports, and Investing (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2012); Scott D. Anthony, The Little Black Book of Innovation: How It Works, How to Do It (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2012).

  8. Two-hat leadership:  Anthony et al., Dual Transformation.

  9. Scott Cook on experimentation:  Scott Cook, as told to Drake Baer, “Why Intuit Founder Scott Cook Wants You To Stop Listening To Your Boss,” FastCompany, October 28, 2013, https://www.fastcompany.com/3020699/why-intuit-founder-scott-cook-wants-you-to-stop-listening-to-your-boss.

  10. Robert Kegan’s quote on self-transforming leaders:  Robert Kegan and Lisa Laskow Lahey, An Everyone Culture: Becoming a Deliberately Developmental Organization (Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing, 2016).

  11. Self-transforming leadership and mindfulness:  Scott D. Anthony and Michael Putz, “The Deceptions of Disruption,” Sloan Management Review, March 2020.

  12. “Largest legal creation of wealth”:  “Done Deals: Venture Capitalists Tell Their Story: Featured HBS John Doerr,” Harvard Business School Working Knowledge, December 4, 2000, https://hbswk.hbs.edu/archive/done-deals-venture-capitalists-tell-their-story-featured-hbs-john-doerr.

  13. Quotes from Satya Nadella:  Satya Nadella, Greg Shaw, and Jill Tracie Nichols, Hit Refresh: The Quest to Rediscover Microsoft’s Soul and Imagine a Better Future for Everyone (New York: HarperCollins, 2017).

  14. The Innovator’s Checklist:  A version of this first appeared in Anthony et al., “Build an Innovation Engine in 90 Days.”

Chapter 8

  1. Spotify’s bets board:  Henrik Kniberg, “Spotify Rhythm; How We Create Focus,” June 1, 2016, https://blog.crisp.se/2016/06/08/henrikkniberg/spotify-rhythm.

  2. Tasty Catering’s Great Game of Business:  “All-Star Case Studies,” Greatgame.com, https://www.greatgame.com/resources/case-studies/case/tasty-catering.

  3. Toyota’s Andon Cord:  “Andon—Toyota Production System Guide,” Toyota.co.uk, May 31, 2016, https://blog.toyota.co.uk/andon-toyota-production-system.

  4. Asana’s No Meeting Wednesday:  Dustin Moskovitz, “No Meeting Wednesdays,” Asana blog, February 14, 2013, https://blog.asana.com/2013/02/no-meeting-wednesdays/.

  5. LinkedIn’s InDay:  Andie Burjek, “Employees Use InDays to Improve the World around Them,” Workforce, November 9, 2017, https://www.workforce.com/news/employees-use-indays-improve-world-around.

  6. Intuit’s innovation catalysts:  Roger L. Martin, “The Innovation Catalysts,” Harvard Business Review, June 2011, https://hbr.org/2011/06/the-innovation-catalysts; https://hbr.org/2011/06/the-innovation-catalysts; Thomas Lockwood and Edgar Papke, “How Intuit Used Design Thinking to Boost Sales By $10M in a Year,” FastCompany, October 31, 2017, https://www.fastcompany.com/90147434/how-intuit-used-design-thinking-to-boost-sales-by-10m-in-a-year.

  7. Connect the dots:  Scott D. Anthony, “How to Tell If a Company Is Good at Innovating or Just Good at PR,” Harvard Business Review Online, December 18, 2015, https://hbr.org/2015/12/how-to-tell-if-a-company-is-good-at-innovating-or-just-good-at-pr.

  8. Wright Brothers story:  Scott D. Anthony, The First Mile; “Wright Brothers Wind Tunnel,” http://www.solarnavigator.net/inventors/wright_brothers_wind_tunnel.htm.

  9. UNICEF’s efforts to scale innovation:  Interview with Tanya Accone, May 22, 2019.

  10. International Development Innovation Alliance Mission:  “About IDIA,” IDIA, https://www.idiainnovation.org/about-idia.

  11. UNICEF’s Office of Innovation principles:  “About the Office of Innovation,” UNICEF, https://www.unicef.org/innovation/about-us.

  12. Summary of UNICEF’s innovation impact:  “Pathways to Scale, Pathways to Results for Every Child,” UNICEF Global Innovation Centre Annual Report, November 2018, https://www.unicef.org/innovation/reports/pathways-scale-pathways-results-every-child.

  13. UNICEF’s 2020 strategy:  “Matching Today’s Challenges with Tomorrow’s Solutions,” UNICEF, January 2020, https://www.unicef.org/innovation/GlobalStrategy.

  14. Netflix freedom and responsibility culture:  “Netflix Culture,” Netflix, https://jobs.netflix.com/culture.

  15. Article backing the idea of a banking back office:  Richard J. Matteis, “The New Back Office Focuses on Customer Service,” Harvard Business Review, March 1979, https://hbr.org/1979/03/the-new-back-office-focuses-on-customer-service.

  16. Addressing zombies:  Scott D. Anthony, David S. Duncan, and Pontus M. A. Siren, “Zombie Projects: How to Find Them and Kill Them,” Harvard Business Review Online, March 4, 2015; Modesto A. Maidique and Billie Jo Zirger, “The New Product Learning Cycle,” Research Policy 14, no. 6, December 1985; Rita Gunter McGrath, “Failing By Design,” Harvard Business Review, April 2011.

Conclusion

  1. Derek Sivers TED Talk:  Derek Sivers, “How to Start a Movement,” TED, February 2010, https://www.ted.com/talks/derek_sivers_how_to_start_a_movement.

  2. Anthony’s IdeaLab call to action:  Scott D. Anthony, “Postcards and Parting Thoughts,” HBR IdeaLab, March 28, 2019, https://idealab.hbr.org/groups/building-a-culture-of-innovation/forum/topic/22-our-gift-to-you-postcards-and-parting-thoughts/. (You must be subscribed to HBR.org to see the content.)

Appendix

  1. Innovation’s relationship status:  Scott D. Anthony, “What’s the Status of Your Relationship with Innovation?” Harvard Business Review Online, September 11, 2013, https://hbr.org/2013/09/whats-the-status-of-your-relationship-with-innovation.

  2. Curated BEANs:  see www.eatsleepinnovate.com for more details.

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