Home Page Icon
Home Page
Table of Contents for
Part 1: Playing with Electricity
Close
Part 1: Playing with Electricity
by Oyvind Nydal Dahl
Electronics for Kids
Cover Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
About the Author
About the Technical Reviewer
Brief Contents
Contents in Detail
Foreword by Joe Grand
Acknowledgments
Introduction
About This Book
Who Should Read This Book
How to Read This Book
What’s in This Book?
Your Electronics Lab
Useful Supplies
Safety First!
Part 1: Playing with Electricity
Chapter 1: What Is Electricity?
Project #1: Turn on a Light!
Shopping List
Step 1: Inspect the Light Bulb
Step 2: Connect the Light Bulb to the Battery
How Does Electricity Light a Bulb?
What Is an Electron?
Voltage Pushes Electrons
Current Flows
Resistance Reduces Current
Lighting the Bulb
How Is a Circuit Like a Pipe System?
Meet the Switch
Project #2: Intruder Alarm
Shopping List
Tools
Step 1: Does the Buzzer Beep?
Step 2: Prepare the Aluminum
Step 3: Foil Your Door
Step 4: Prepare a Trigger Wire
Step 5: Connect the Buzzer and Trigger Wire
Step 6: Mount the Buzzer and Trigger Wire
Step 7: Add a Power Source
Step 8: Stage an Intruder Alert!
Step 9: What If the Intruder Alarm Doesn’t Work?
What’s Next?
Chapter 2: Making Things Move with Electricity and Magnets
How Magnets Work
Try It Out: Find Some Magnetic Objects!
Meet the Electromagnet
Project #3: Create Your Own Electromagnet
Shopping List
Tools
Step 1: Check Your Bolt
Step 2: Remove Insulation from One End of the Coil Wire
Step 3: Wind the Wire
Step 4: Connect the Negative Battery Terminal to the Coil
Step 5: Connect the Switch
Step 6: Test Your Super Electromagnet
Step 7: What If the Electromagnet Isn’t Working?
Meet the Motor
Project #4: Create a Motor
Shopping List
Tools
Step 1: Create the Rotor
Step 2: Build the Motor’s Structure
Step 3: Place the Magnets
Step 4: Reinsulate Part of the Coil
Step 5: Rev Up Your Motor
Step 6: What If the Motor Doesn’t Work?
What’s Next?
Chapter 3: How to Generate Electricity
Generating Electricity with Magnets
A Changing Magnetic Field Creates Electricity
How Does a Generator Work?
Creating Electricity from Water or Wind
Meet the Multimeter
How to Measure Voltage
What Are AC and DC?
Project #5: Make a Shake Generator
Shopping List
Tools
Step 1: Prepare Your Tube
Step 2: Wind Your Coil
Step 3: Connect the Multimeter
Step 4: Shake That Thing!
Step 5: What If There’s No Voltage?
Try It Out: Using a Motor as a Generator
How Do Batteries Work?
What’s Inside a Battery?
The Chemistry Behind Batteries
What Determines a Battery’s Voltage?
Project #6: Turn On a Light with Lemon Power
Meet the LED
Shopping List
Tools
Step 1: Prepare Your Wires
Step 2: Insert Electrodes into a Lemon
Step 3: Create Four Lemon Batteries
Step 4: Connect the Lemons in Series
Step 5: Test Your Lemon Battery
Try It Out: More Food Batteries!
Step 6: What If Your Lemon Light Doesn’t Work?
What’s Next?
Part 2: Building Circuits
Chapter 4: Creating Light with LEDs
Meet the Resistor
Resistor Color Codes
How to Write Large Values
What Are Resistors Made Of?
Resistors Control Current and Voltage
Introducing Ohm’s Law
Project #7: Let’s Destroy an LED!
Shopping List
Step 1: Identify Which LED Leg Is Which
Step 2: Break That LED!
Step 3: What If Nothing Happens to the LED?
How to Use an LED Correctly
How to Write Small Values
Protecting Your LED with a Resistor
Calculating the Resistance You Need
Project #8: Powering an LED
Shopping List
Step 1: Twist the Resistor and LED
Step 2: Wire the Battery Clip
Step 3: Let There Be Light!
Step 4: What If the LED Doesn’t Work?
Building Circuits on a Breadboard
How to Connect Components and Wires
Wires to Use on a Breadboard
Project #9: Your First Breadboard Circuit
Shopping List
Step 1: Place the Resistor
Step 2: Place the LED
Step 3: Place the Battery Clip
Step 4: What If the LED Doesn’t Work?
What’s Next?
Chapter 5: Blinking a Light for the First Time
Meet the Capacitor
How Capacitors Work
Polarized and Nonpolarized Capacitors
Capacitor Values
Project #10: Test a Capacitor
Shopping List
Step 1: Start with the LED Circuit
Step 2: Add the Capacitor
Step 3: Charge the Capacitor
Step 4: Use the Capacitor to Light the LED
Step 5: What If the Circuit Doesn’t Work?
Describing Circuits with Symbols
Meet the Relay
Using the Relay to Blink a Light
Slowing Down the Blinking
Project #11: Blink a Light!
Shopping List
Step 1: Identify the Relay Pins
Step 2: Make the Relay Switch Fast
Step 3: Make the Relay Stay On Longer
Step 4: Make the Relay Stay Off Longer
Step 5: Add the LED and Resistor
Step 6: What If the LED Won’t Blink?
Try It Out: Make Your Intruder Alarm More Effective
What’s Next?
Chapter 6: Let’s Solder!
How to Solder
Soldering Safety Tips
Heat the Soldering Iron
Clean the Soldering Iron Tip
Tin the Soldering Iron Tip
Heat Both the Pin and the Pad
Add Solder
Remove the Soldering Iron
Watch Out for Bad Solder Joints!
Project #12: Solder Your First LED Circuit
Shopping List
Tools
Step 1: Place the Components
Step 2: Bend the Component Legs
How to Read the Circuit Board Illustrations
Step 3: Heat and Clean the Soldering Iron
Step 4: Solder the Resistor and LED
Step 5: Trim the Legs
Step 6: Solder the Battery Clip
Step 7: Let There Be Light!
Step 8: What If the Soldered LED Circuit Doesn’t Work?
Oops! How Do I Remove a Soldered Component?
Project #13: Desolder the Battery Clip
Shopping List
Tools
Step 1: Heat the Soldering Iron
Step 2: Place the Solder Wick on the Solder Joint
Step 3: Heat the Solder Joint and the Solder Wick
Step 4: Trim the Used Solder Wick
Step 5: Remove the Other Battery Clip Wire
Try It Out: Solder More Stuff!
What’s Next?
Chapter 7: Controlling Things with Electricity
Meet the Transistor
Why Use a Transistor?
How the Transistor Works
Controlling an LED with a Transistor
Project #14: Build a Circuit that Senses Touch
Shopping List
Tools
Step 1: Place Components on the Prototyping Board
Step 2: Check Your Component Placement
Step 3: Solder the Components and Trim Excess Legs
Step 4: Solder the Touch Pad
Step 5: Power It Up!
Step 6: Test the Sensor
Step 7: What If the Touch Sensor Doesn’t Work?
Try It Out: Can the Touch Sensor Detect Different Touches?
Resistors That Can Change Value
Meet the Potentiometer
Meet the Photoresistor
Dividing a Voltage with Resistors
What Does a Voltage Divider Look Like?
Calculating the Voltage from a Voltage Divider
How a Voltage Divider Can Help Measure Light
Project #15: Build a Sunrise Wake-Up Alarm
Shopping List
Tools
Step 1: Place Components on the Prototyping Board
Step 2: Solder the Components and Trim the Legs
Step 3: Add the Buzzer to the Board
Step 4: Make the Remaining Connections with Wires
Step 5: Add the Battery Clip to the Board
Step 6: Set a Wake-Up Call
Step 7: What If There’s No Sound?
Try It Out: Temperature-Controlled Fan
What’s Next?
Chapter 8: Building a Musical Instrument
Meet the Integrated Circuit
ICs and Datasheets
How to Make Sound with Electricity
Sounds That Humans Can Hear
Meet the 555 Timer
Powering an IC
How to Set the Output Speed of the 555 Timer
Project #16: Make Your Own Sound with the 555 Timer
Shopping List
Step 1: Place the 555 Timer on the Breadboard
Step 2: Set the Frequency
Step 3: Connect the Speaker and Coupling Capacitor
Step 4: Connect the Power and Reset Pins
Step 5: Make Some Sound!
Step 6: What If There’s No Sound?
Checking Connections as a Team
Turning an Annoying Beep into Music
Project #17: An Instrument That Beeps and Boops
Shopping List
Step 1: Connect the 555 Timer and the Capacitors
Step 2: Connect Jumper Wires
Step 3: Connect the Note Controller and Resistor
Step 4: Add the “On” Button
Step 5: Add the Loudspeaker
Step 6: Play Some Music!
Step 7: What If the Instrument Doesn’t Work?
Try It Out: Make a Motion-Controlled Instrument
What’s Next?
Part 3: The Digital World
Chapter 9: How Circuits Understand Ones and Zeros
Ones and Zeros as Voltages
Meet the Binary Number System
Project #18: Convert from Binary to Decimal
Tools
Step 1: Write It Down on Paper
Step 2: Write the Position Values
Step 3: Find the Value of Each Digit
Step 4: Add the Numbers
Try It Out: Transform More Binary Numbers
Bits and Bytes
Numbers Can Be Anything
Project #19: Color Guessing Game
Meet the RGB LED
Shopping List
Step 1: Place the Color Chooser’s Push Buttons
Step 2: Connect the RGB LED
Step 3: Connect the Color Revealer Button
Step 4: Test the Colors
Step 5: What If the Game Doesn’t Work?
Try It Out: Solder the Color Guessing Game
How Binary Numbers Can Create Words
Project #20: The Secret Message Machine
Meet the DIP Switch
Shopping List
Step 1: Connect the Push Button
Step 2: Connect the DIP Switch
Step 3: Connect the LEDs
Step 4: Send a Secret Message!
Step 5: What If the Secret Message Machine Doesn’t Work?
Why Computers Use Ones and Zeros
What’s Next?
Chapter 10: Circuits That Make Choices
It’s Only Logical
Meet the Logic Gates
AND Gates Check for Two True Inputs
OR Gates Check for One True Input
NOT Gates Flip Inputs
A Bigger AND Gate
How to Draw Logic Circuit Diagrams
A Logic Equation for a Secret Code
Converting a Logic Equation into a Circuit Diagram
Try It Out: Draw More Logical Statements as Circuits
Using Logic Gates in Real Life
More About Current, Components, and Transistors
Project #21: A Secret Code Checker
Shopping List
Tools
How to Use Other Voltages with a Breadboard
Making Circuits More Reliable
Step 1: Place the Switches and Resistors
Step 2: Place the ICs
Step 3: Place the Transistor and LED
Step 4: Build the Logic Circuit
Step 5: Finish Wiring the Transistor
Protecting Your Components
Step 6: Power and Test the Secret Code Checker
Step 7: What If the LED Doesn’t Light Up?
Try It Out: Disarm Your Intruder Alarm
Negative Logic Gates
NAND Looks for One False Input
NOR Looks for Two False Inputs
What’s Next?
Chapter 11: Circuits That Remember Information
Saving One Bit at a Time
A Better Memory Circuit
Memory That Changes Only at a Certain Time
An Output That Toggles
Project #22: An Electronic Coin Tosser
Shopping List
Step 1: Build the Oscillator Circuit
Step 2: Add the Start Button
Step 3: Build the Toggle Circuit
Step 4: Add the Heads and Tails LEDs
Step 5: Toss that “Coin”!
Step 6: What If the Coin Tosser Doesn’t Work?
What’s Next?
Chapter 12: Let’s Make a Game!
Meet the Reaction Game Circuits
Meet the VCC and GND Symbols
Why Is It Called VCC?
A 555 Timer to Set the Light Speed
A Counter to Turn the LEDs On
A Latch to Start and Stop the Light
Project #23: An LED Reaction Game
Shopping List
Tools
Step 1: Build the 555 Timer Circuit
Step 2: Build the LED-Controlling Circuit
Step 3: Build the Start and Stop Circuit
Step 4: Practice Your Reaction Time!
Step 5: What If the Game Isn’t Working?
Try It Out: Change the Light’s Speed
Add a Buzzer to Your Game
What’s Next? Go Make Cool Stuff!
Handy Resources
Component and Unit Value Cheat Sheets
Resistor Color Codes
Capacitor Codes
Standard Prefixes
A Quick Review of Ohm’s Law
A Basic Voltage Divider Circuit
Online Electronics Shops
Online Resources
Index
Resources
Real Electronics. Real Easy.
Footnotes
Search in book...
Toggle Font Controls
Playlists
Add To
Create new playlist
Name your new playlist
Playlist description (optional)
Cancel
Create playlist
Sign In
Email address
Password
Forgot Password?
Create account
Login
or
Continue with Facebook
Continue with Google
Sign Up
Full Name
Email address
Confirm Email Address
Password
Login
Create account
or
Continue with Facebook
Continue with Google
Prev
Previous Chapter
Introduction
Next
Next Chapter
Chapter 1: What Is Electricity?
PART 1
PLAYING WITH ELECTRICITY
Add Highlight
No Comment
..................Content has been hidden....................
You can't read the all page of ebook, please click
here
login for view all page.
Day Mode
Cloud Mode
Night Mode
Reset