C
Abbreviations and Acronyms
- a.m.u.
- Atomic mass unit
- ABWR
- Advanced Boiling Water Reactor
- AC
- Alternating current
- ACAA
- American Coal and Ash Association
- ACR
- Advanced CANDU reactor
- AEO
- Annual Energy Outlook (a publication of IEA)
- AFC
- Alkaline Fuel Cell
- Ah
- Ampere‐hour
- ALWR
- Advanced Light Water Reactor
- AM
- Air Mass
- API
- American Petroleum Institute
- ASHRAE
- The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air‐Conditioning Engineers
- ASTM
- American Society for Testing and Materials
- AWEA
- American Wind Power Association
- Bbl
- Billion barrel
- bcm
- Billion cubic meter
- BGR
- Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Germany)
- BJT
- Bipolar Junction Transistor
- BOP
- Blowout preventer
- BP
- British Petroleum
- Bq
- Becquerel (SI of radioactivity)
- BTL
- Biomass‐to‐liquids
- Btu
- British thermal unit; quadrillion quad (1015 Btu)
- BWR
- Boiling Water Reactor
- CAA
- The Clean Air Act
- CAL
- Calorie, a unit of energy
- CANDU
- Canada Deuterium Uranium pressurized‐heavy water reactor
- CAPP
- Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers
- CBM
- Coal bed methane
- CCGT
- Combined cycle gas turbine
- CCP
- Coal combustion products such as fly ash, bottom ash, boiler slag
- cgs
- Centimeter‐gram‐second system
- CHP
- Combined heat and power (also called cogeneration)
- CHPP
- Coal handling and preparation plant
- CIS
- Commonwealth of Independent States
- COP21
- 21st yearly session of the Conference of the Parties (United Nations Climate Change Conference)
- CPC
- Compound Parabolic Collectors
- CPUC
- California Public Utilities Commission
- CSP
- Concentrated Solar Power
- CSS
- Cyclic Steam Stimulation; also known “steam soak” or “huff and puff”
- CTL
- Coal to liquid; coal liquefaction
- DAPL
- Dakota Access Pipeline
- dB
- Decibel
- DC
- Direct current
- DEA
- Diethanolamine
- DHI
- Diffuse Horizontal Irradiance
- DMFC
- Direct‐Methanol Fuel Cell
- DNI
- Direct Normal Irradiance
- DOE
- US Department of Energy
- DST
- Daylight saving time
- DTU
- Danmarks Tekniske Universitat (Technical University of Denmark)
- DWT
- Dead‐weight tonnage
- EBR I
- Experimental Breeding Reactor I
- EGS
- Enhanced Geothermal Systems
- EHV
- Extra‐Large‐High‐Voltage
- EIA
- US Energy Information Administration
- EJ
- Exajoule (EJ) (SI unit of energy equal to 1018J)
- EMCS
- Energy Management Control System
- EMF
- Electromotive Force
- EMIS
- Electromagnetic Isotope Separation
- EOR
- Enhanced Oil Recovery
- EPA
- Environmental Protection Energy
- EPRI
- Electric Power Research Institute
- ERCB
- The Energy Resources Conservation Board
- EROI
- Energy Returning on Energy Invested
- ESMAP
- The Energy Sector Management Assistance Program
- ETC
- Evacuated Tube Collector
- ETP
- Evacuated tube panels
- EUI
- Energy Use Intensity
- EV
- Electric Vehicle
- FAEE
- Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester
- FAME
- Fatty Acid Methyl Ester
- FBC
- Fluidized bed combustion
- FBR
- Sodium Cooled Fast Breeder Reactor
- FC
- Fixed carbon
- FF
- Fill factor
- FGD
- Flue‐Gas Desulfurization
- FPC
- Flat panel collector
- GCR
- Gas‐Cooled Reactor
- GCV
- Gross calorific value (also known as high heating value)
- GDP
- Gross domestic product
- GFC
- Gas‐Cooled Fast Reactor
- GHG
- Greenhouse Gas
- GHI
- Global Horizontal Irradiance
- GHP
- Geothermal Heat Pump
- GIF
- OECD Nuclear Energy Agency Generation IV International Forum
- GJ
- Gigajoule
- GTL
- Gas‐to‐liquid
- GW
- Gigawatt
- GWP
- Global warming potential
- HAWT
- Horizontal axis wind turbine
- hp
- Horsepower
- HV
- High voltage; Hybrid vehicle
- HVAC
- Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning
- HVDC
- High‐voltage direct current
- IAEA
- International Atomic Energy Agency
- IEA
- OECD International Energy Agency
- IEF
- International Energy Forum
- IGA
- International Geothermal Association
- IHP
- International Hydropower Association
- INES
- International Nuclear and Radiological Event Scale
- IPCC
- Intergovernmental Protocol for Climate Change
- IR
- Infrared Radiation
- IREA
- International Renewable Energy Agency
- IRENA
- The International Renewable Energy Agency
- IS
- Imperial (British) unit system
- KCL
- Kirchhoff's Current Law
- kV
- Kilovolt
- kVA
- Kilovolt ampere
- KVL
- Kirchhoff's Voltage Law
- LED
- Light‐emitting diode
- LEED
- Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
- LFR
- Lead‐Cooled Fast Reactor
- LLNL
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
- LNG
- Liquified natural gas
- LOCA
- Loss‐of‐Coolant Accident, an accident scenario in nuclear reactors
- LPG
- Liquefied natural gas
- LTO
- Light Tight Oil
- LV
- Low voltage
- LVRT
- Low voltage ride through
- LWGR
- Light Water Graphite Reactor
- MATS
- Mercury and Air Toxics Standards
- MCFC
- Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell
- MEA
- Monoethanolamide
- MJ
- Mega Joule
- MKSA
- The system of units using based on meter, kilogram, second, Ampere
- MMF
- Magnetomotive Force
- MPa
- Mega Pascal
- MPPT
- Maximum Power Point Tracking
- MSR
- Molten‐salt Reactor
- Mt
- Million tons
- Mtoe
- Million ton of oil equivalent
- MV
- Medium voltage
- MW
- Megawatt
- MWA
- Megawatt‐ampere
- MWh
- Megawatt‐hour
- ACA
- National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics
- NASA
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- NASA GSFC
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
- NCV
- Net calorific value (also known as lower heating value)
- NEC
- National Electric Code (US)
- NEI
- Nuclear Energy Institute
- NEMA
- National Electrical Manufacturers Association
- NERC
- North American Electric Reliability Corporation
- NGDC
- National Geophysical Data Center
- NGL
- Natural Gas Liquids
- NGPL
- Natural Gas Plant Liquids
- N m
- Newton meter
- NOAA
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
- NOCT
- Nominal Operating Cell Temperature
- NRC
- Nuclear Regulatory Commission
- NREL
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory (US)
- NWTC
- National Wind Technology Center (US)
- OECD
- Organization for Economic Co‐operation and Development
- OPEC
- Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
- ORC
- Organic Rankine Cycle
- OVI
- Oil vulnerability index
- Pa s
- Pascal second
- PAFC
- Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell
- PEM
- Proton Exchange Membrane fuel cell
- PHAUS
- Passive House Alliance US
- PHES
- Pumped‐storage Hydroelectric Energy Storage
- PHI
- Passive House Institute (Germany)
- PHIUS
- Passive House Institute (US)
- PHP
- Pumped‐storage Hydroelectric Power stations
- PHWR
- Pressurized Heavy‐Water Reactor
- PM
- Particulate matter
- PPP
- Purchasing power parity
- PSH
- Pumped‐Storage Hydroelectric power station
- psi
- Pounds per square inch
- PTC
- PV Test Conditions
- PV
- Photovoltaic
- PWR
- Pressurized Water Reactor
- quad
- Quadrillion Btu, 1015
- R/P
- Reserve to production ratio
- REM/rem
- Roentgen equivalent man (ionizing radiation)
- REN21
- Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century
- RFG
- Reformulated Gasoline
- rms
- Root‐Mean‐Square (effective value)
- ROR
- Run‐of‐river
- RPM/rpm
- Revolutions per minute
- RPO
- Recovery point objective
- SAGD
- Steam‐Assisted Gravity Drainage
- SC
- Solar constant
- SCADA
- Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
- SCO
- Synthetic Crude Oil
- SCWR
- Supercritical‐water‐cooled Reactor
- SDG
- Sustainable development goals
- SEF
- Source Energy Factor
- SI
- International Unit System
- SiC
- Silicon Carbide Fiber‐Reinforced Matrix composites
- SFT
- Sodium‐cooled fast reactor
- SOFC
- Solid Oxide Fuel Cell
- SOS
- Security of supply
- STC
- Standard Test Conditions
- SVC
- Switched Virtual Circuit
- tce
- Tons of coal equivalent
- TFC
- Total final energy consumption
- TFEC
- Total Final Energy Consumption
- toe
- Tons of oil equivalent
- TPED
- Total Primary Energy Demand
- TPES
- Total primary energy supply
- TWh
- Terawatt‐hour
- UNDESA
- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs
- UNDP
- United Nations Development Program
- UNFC
- United Nations Framework Classification
- UNFCCC
- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
- UNSCEAR
- United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation
- UPS
- Uninterrupted Power Supply
- USACE
- United States Army Corps of Engineers
- USD
- United States dollar
- USGS
- US Geological Survey
- UV
- Ultraviolet
- VA
- Volt‐ampere
- VAr
- Volt‐ampere‐reactive
- VAWT
- Vertical axis wind turbine
- VDE
- Verband der Elextrotechnik (Germany)
- VHTR
- Very‐high temperature reactor
- VM
- Volatile matter
- VOC
- Volatile organic compounds
- WCA
- World Coal Association
- WCED
- The World Commission on Environment and Development
- WCI
- World Coal Institute
- WEC
- World Energy Council
- WHO
- World Health Organization
- WRI
- World Resources Institute
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