The previous description of how Ansible connects to hosts results in three connections to the host for every task. In a small environment with a small number of tasks, this may not be a concern; however, as the task set grows and the environment size grows, the time required to create and tear down SSH connections increases. Thankfully, there are a couple of ways to mitigate this.

The first is an SSH feature, ControlPersist, which provides a mechanism to create persistent sockets when first connecting to a remote host that can be reused in subsequent connections to bypass some of the handshaking required when creating a connection. This can drastically reduce the amount of time Ansible spends on opening new connections. Ansible automatically utilizes this feature if the host platform where Ansible is run from supports it. To check whether your platform supports this feature, check the SSH man page for ControlPersist.

The second performance enhancement that can be utilized is an Ansible feature called pipelining. Pipelining is available to SSH-based connection methods and is configured in the Ansible configuration file within the ssh_connection section:

[ssh_connection] 
pipelining=true 

This setting changes how modules are transported. Instead of opening an SSH connection to create a directory, another to write out the composed module, and a third to execute and clean up, Ansible will instead open an SSH connection on the remote host. Then, over that live connection, Ansible will pipe in the zipped composed module code and script for execution. This reduces the connections from three to one, which can really add up. By default, pipelining is disabled.

Utilizing the combination of these two performance tweaks can keep your playbooks nice and fast even as you scale your environment. However, keep in mind that Ansible will only address as many hosts at once as the number of forks Ansible is configured to run. Forks are the number of processes Ansible will split off as a worker to communicate with remote hosts. The default is five forks, which will address up to five hosts at once. Raise this number to address more hosts as your environment size grows by adjusting the forks= parameter in an Ansible configuration file, or by using the --forks (-f) argument with ansible or ansible-playbook.