INDEX

,

Action learning

group, 64–65

self-directed, 62–63

Adult learning, principles of, 21

American Society for

Training and

Development, 53

Appreciative inquiry, 89–91

Argyris, Chris, 16, 30, 62, 99

Ashkenas, Ron 12

Axelrod, Emily M., 92

Axelrod, Richard H., 92

Barriers to learning, 16–20, 111

Benchmarking, 85–86

Best practices, 3

Both/and principle, 23

Boughton, N. W., 42

Boundaryless organization, 12

Brache, Alan P., 101

Bradley, R., 48

Breaking Free: A

Prescription for

Personal and

Organizational Change, 2

Brinkerhoff, Robert O., 8

Building the Learning Organization, 12

Business leadership, 102

Causal loop, 83–84

Change

preparation for, 86

resistance to, 16

Charisma, leadership and, 104

Checklist, for individual learning, 37–38

Classroom learning, 44–46

Coaching, 47–50

Collective learning, 1–2, 86–88

Commitment, to team, 57

Communication

dialogue, 68–72, 86–88, 100

lack of, 16, 18

learning and, 99–100

See also Conversation; Listening

Community, whole-organization learning and sense of, 81–82

Computer technology, individual learning and, 51–53

Computer-based training (CBT), 52

Computer-supported collaborative work, individual learning and, 52

The Conference Model, 92

Conferencing, individual learning and, 52

Connectivity, 56

Consensus, shared vision and, 59–61

Continuous improvement, 3

Continuous measurement, 65–68

Control mechanisms, need for, 18

Conversation

dialogue, 68–72, 100

world café, 86–88

Cooperrider, David, 89

Cory, Diane, 48

Courage, leadership and, 104

Culture, learning, 95–97

Customers

evaluation and, 112, 114–115

feedback, 27

Dannemiller, Kathleen, 92

Daudelin, Marilyn W., 43

Debate, vs. dialogue, 70

Defensive reasoning, 30–31

Dependability, leadership and, 104

Dialogue

vs. debate, 70

organizational learning and, 100

small-group learning and, 68–72

world café, 86–88

Diaries, 43

Direct reports, mentoring, 51

Drexler/Sibbet Team Performance Model, 56–58

Electronic performance support system, 52

Emotional intelligence, 11

Empathic listening, 71

Employee development, ix–xi

Environment, learning and, 56, 117–120

Espoused theory, 62

Evaluation

choosing methods of, 67, 114

continuous measurement, 65–68

disseminating results of, 115

of learning, 111–116

Experimentation, 3

Explicit knowledge, 106, 108

Failure

learning from, 30

learning opportunities from system failure, 88–89

FedEx, 104

Feedback

coaching and, 48–49

continuous measurement and, 65–68

creating a learning culture and, 97, 121–122

guidelines for using, 26–27

learning and, 25, 26, 46

self-directed action learning and, 63

The Fifth Discipline Fieldbook, 47

Flexibility, leadership and, 104

Future Search, 92

Garvin, David, 3

Gill, S. J., 8

Gilley, Jerry W., 42

Goals

clarification of team, 57

instructional design, 45

leadership and, 102

personal vision and, 41

shared vision and, 59–62

Goleman, Daniel, 11

Grayson, C. Jackson, 105

Group action learning, 64–65

Guidelines, small-group dialogue, 72

Hall, D. T., 43

Hamson, C., 73

Haworth, 119

Herman Miller, 119

Hierarchical leadership, learning and, 101–102

Individual coaching, 47–50

Individual learning, 9–11, 35–40

defined, 2–3

organizational learning and, 5–6

physical environment and, 118

principles of, 20–21

Individual learning strategies

Computer technology, 51–53

individual coaching, 47–50

individualized learning plans, 42

instructor-led classroom

seminars and

workshops, 44–46

job rotation, 46

logs, diaries, and journals, 43

mentoring, 50–51

on-the-job training (OJT), 53

personal visioning, 41

self-reflection, 42–43

structured OJT, 53–54

Individualized learning plans, 42

job rotation and, 46

Information

assimilating, 3, 6

knowledge-management, 105–109

retrieval of, x, 24

Information technology, 106–107

knowledge flow and, 108, 109

Instructional design, 44–46

Instructor-led training, 44–46

Integrity, leadership and, 104

Interior design, of workplace, 117–120

Internal customers, role in evaluation, 114

Internet, knowledgemanagement and, 108

Interviews

evaluation, 67, 113

learning history, 74–75

Intranet, 106, 108

Job rotation, 46

Journals, 43

Judgment, leadership and, 104

Katzenbach, J. R., 11, 55

Killion, J., 73

Kim, Daniel, 2

Kleiner, Art, 74

Know-how, 2

Knowledge, application of, 3, 6, 8

Knowledge-management, learning and, 105–109

Know-why, 2

Leadership, for organizational learning, 101–104

Learning alliances, 6–8, 36–40

Learning community, 81–82

Learning culture, 95–97

Learning events

creating a learning culture and, 97

large-scale, 91–92

Learning history, 73–79

example, 75–79

Learning plans,

individualized, 42

Learning process chart, 39

Learning questions, 23

Learning

adult, 21

assessment of, 25

barriers to, 16–20

classroom, 44–46

collective, 1–2, 86–88

continuous measurement of, 65–68

evaluation of. See Evaluation

learning styles, 13–16

levels of, 9, 10. See also Individual learning; Small-group learning; Whole-organization learning

See also Organizational learning

Liberation Management, 117

Librarian, corporate, 106

The Link between Individual and Organizational Learning, 2

Lippitt, Lawrence L., 92

Lippitt, Ronald, 92

Listening

coaching and, 47–48

empathic, 71

mentoring and, 51

shared, 88

Logs, 43

Losada, Marcial, 56

The Magic of Dialogue, 69

Managers

forming learning alliances, 36–40

modeling learning, 29–31

role in whole-organization learning, 12, 24

Marquardt, Michael J., 12

Maycunich, A., 42

Mentoring, 50–51

knowledge flow and, 109

Network information, individual learning and, 52

Noer, Peter, 2

Nonaka, Ikujiro, 106

Nonprofit leadership, 102

O’Dell, Carla, 105

O’Mara, Martha, 119

On-the-job training (OJT), 53

Open Space Technology, 92

Organization, supporting generative learning, 15–16

Organizational culture, learning and, 95–97

Organizational goals, aligning individual

learning with, 36

Organizational learning, ix–xi, 121–122

conditions for, 24–25

feedback and, 25, 27

at individual level, 1–3, 35–36

principles of, 7

reflection and, 25

self-audit, 122–124

vs. training, 5–6

Organizational structure, learning and, 81–82, 93

Orientation, team, 57

Owen, Harrison, 92

Personal characteristics, of leadership, 104

Personal mastery, 11

Personal vision, 41

Peters, Tom, 117

Preferred Futuring, 92

Preparation, for individual learning, 37–38

Problem-solving

learning and, 3

resisting short-term, simple solutions, 18–19

Reflection

evaluation of learning and, 111

group, 64

job rotation and, 46

organizational learning and, 25, 121–122

self-reflection, 42–43

small-group learning and, 73–74

Reinforcement

coaching and, 50

of individual learning, 38

Respect, leadership and, 104

Retention, of instructor-led training, 44

Risk, role in organizational learning, 24

Role clarification, in teams, 57

Role play learning, 14

Roth, George, 74

Rummler, Geary A., 101

Schein, Edgar H., 95

Schon, Donald, 62

Self-assessments

of organizational learning, 122–124

of organizational needs, 85–86

Self-directed action learning, 62–63

Self-mastery, 26

Self-reflection, 42–43

Seminars, 44–46

Senge, Peter, 11

Shared listening, 88

Shared meanings, in organizations, 15–16

Skilled incompetence, 19

Small-group learning, 11, 15, 55–58

ground rules for, 22–23

physical environment and, 118

Small-group learning strategies

action learning, 62–65

continuous measurement, 65–68

dialogue, 68–72

learning history, 73–79

reflection, 73–74

shared vision, 59–62

Smith, D. K., 11, 55

Stakeholders, role in evaluation, 112

Steelcase, 119

Strengths, identifying and building on, 89–91

Structured on-the-job training, 53–54

System breakdown, opportunities for learning in, 88–89

Tacit knowledge, 106, 108

Teaching Smart People How to Learn, 30

Teams

defined, 55

vs. groups, 11

learning in. See Small-group learning

stages of development, 56–58

Theory-in-use, 62

Tobin, Daniel, 96

Training, 5–6

knowledge-management and, 107–108, 109

preparation and reinforcement of, 36–40

See also Individual

learning strategies; Small-group learning strategies; Whole-organization learning strategies

Trial and error learning, 14

Trust building, team, 57

U.S. Department of Labor, 53

Undiscussable, 16, 18

Vision

personal, 41

shared, 59–62

Weisbord, Marvin, 92

Wheatley, Margaret, 88

Whole System Associates, 86

Whole-organization learning, 12, 81–82

physical environment and, 118

Whole-organization learning strategies

appreciative inquiry, 89–91

benchmarking, 85–86

causal loop, 83–84

external threats to the system, 88–89

large-scale learning events, 91–92

world café, 86–88

Whole-Scale Change, 91, 92

Workplace environment, learning and, 117–120

Worksheets

barriers to learning, 20

group action learning, 65

group reflection, 73–74

self-directed action learning, 63

Workshops, 44–46

World café, 86–88

Xerox Corp., 85

Yankelovich, Daniel, 69