Summary of Thermal Energy Storage Systems Installation
Table AV.1
Operational Solar Thermal Facilities with Thermal Energy Storage Systems
| Project | Type | Storage Medium | Nominal Temperature (°C) | Storage Concept | Plant Capacity | Storage Capacity | |
| Cold | Hot | ||||||
| SSPS-DCS test facility Almeria, Spain | Parabolic trough | Santotherm 55 | 225 | 295 | 1 tank thermocline | 1.2 MWth | 5 MWht |
| Nevada Solar One Nevada, USA | Parabolic trough | Dowtherm A | 318 | 393 | Oversized field piping | 64 MWe | 0.5 h |
| Holaniku at Keahole Point Hawaii, USA | Parabolic trough | Water | n.a.a | 200 | Indirect storage | 2 MWth, 500 kWe | 2 h |
| Planta Solar-10 Sevilla, Spain | Central receiver | Pressurized water | 240 | 260 | Steam accumulator | 11 MWe | 50 min/ 20 MWht |
| Planta Solar-20 Sevilla, Spain | Central receiver | Pressurized water | n.a. | 250–300 | Steam accumulator | 20 MWe | 50 min |
| La Florida Badajoz, Spain | Parabolic trough | Molten solar saltb | 292 | 386 | 2-tank Indirect | 50 MWe | 7.5 h |
| Andasol-1 Granada, Spain | Parabolic trough | Molten solar salt | 292 | 386 | 2-tank Indirect | 50 MWe | 7.5 h/ 1010 MWht |
| Andasol-2 Granada, Spain | Parabolic trough | Molten solar salt | 292 | 386 | 2-tank Indirect | 50 MWe | 7.5 h/ 1010 MWht |
| Extresol-1 Badajoz, Spain | Parabolic trough | Molten solar salt | 292 | 386 | 2-tank Indirect | 50 MWe | 7.5 h/ 1010 MWht |
| Manchasol-1 Ciudad Real, Spain | Parabolic trough | Molten solar salt | 292 | 386 | 2-tank Indirect | 50 MWe | 7.5 h |
| Manchasol-2 Ciudad Real, Spain | Parabolic trough | Molten solar salt | 292 | 386 | 2-tank Indirect | 50 MWe | 7.5 h |
| La Dehesa Badajoz, Spain | Parabolic trough | Molten solar salt | 292 | 386 | 2-tank Indirect | 50 MWe | 7.5 h |
| Puerto Errado 1 Murcia, Spain | Linear Fresnel | Saturated steam | n.a. | 270 | Steam accumulator | 1.4 MWe | n.a. |
| Archimede Sicily, Italy | Parabolic trough | Molten solar salt | 290 | 550 | 2-tank direct | 5 MWe | 8 h/ 100 MWht |
| Torresol Gemasolar Seville, Spain | Central receiver | Molten solar salt | 292 | 565 | 2-tank direct | 17 MWe | 15 h |
| Dahan Beijing, China | Central receiver | Saturated steam/oil | 290 | 350 | Combined steam accumulator/concrete | 1 MWe | 1 MWht |
a n.a., not available.
b Molten solar salt, 60% sodium nitrate/40% potassium nitrate.
Table AV.2
List of Cool Thermal Energy Storage Projects/Installations
| Name | Technology | Rated Power (kW) | Location | Status |
| Redding Electric Utilities—Peak Capacity, Demand Response, HVAC Replacement Program | Ice Thermal Storage | 1000 | Redding, California, United States | Operational |
| Glendale Water and Power—Peak Capacity Project | Ice Thermal Storage | 1500 | Glendale, California, United States | Operational |
| Southern California Edison—HVAC Optimization Program with energy storage | Ice Thermal Storage | 750 | Rosemead, California, United States | Operational |
| St. Kilian Parish and School | Ice Thermal Storage | 100 | 7076 Franklin Road, Cranberry Township, Pennsylvania 16066, United States | Operational |
| Bethel Park High School | Ice Thermal Storage | 375 | 309 Church Road, Bethel Park, Pennsylvania 15102, United States | Operational |
| Duquesne University | Ice Thermal Storage | 600 | 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, United States | Operational |
| University of Arizona | Ice Thermal Storage | 3000 | 1339 E. Helen Street, Tucson, Arizona 85717, United States | Operational |
| El Capitan | Ice Thermal Storage | 150 | 6834 Hollywood Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90028, United States | Operational |
| Mission City Office Complex | Ice Thermal Storage | 500 | 2365 Northside Drive, San Diego, California 92108, United States | Operational |
| Fossil Ridge High School | Ice Thermal Storage | 200 | 5400 Ziegler Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80528, United States | Operational |
| O-I World Headquarters | Ice Thermal Storage | 250 | Perrysburg, Ohio 43551, United States | Operational |
| Redding Electric Utilities—Peak Capacity, Demand Response, HVAC Replacement Program Phase 2 | Ice Thermal Storage | 6000 | Redding, California, United States | Contracted |
| Nissan Technical Center North America Inc | Ice Thermal Storage | 1425 | Farmington Hills, Michigan 48331, United States | Operational |
| JC Penney Headquarters | Ice Thermal Storage | 4425 | 6501 Legacy Drive, Plano, Texas 75301, United States | Operational |
| Encinitas Civic Center | Ice Thermal Storage | 75 | 1140 Oakcrest Park Dr., Encinitas, California 92024, United States | Operational |
| Nordstrom, Inc. | Ice Thermal Storage | 1200 | 1450 Ala Moana Blvd., Honolulu, Hawaii 96814, United States | Operational |
| Shell Point Retirement Village | Ice Thermal Storage | 4800 | 15071 Shell Point Blvd., Fort Myers, Florida 33908, United States | Operational |
| CLPCCD—Utility Infrastructure Project | Ice Thermal Storage | 890 | 25555 Hesperian Blvd., Hayward, California 94545, United States | |
| SCPPA Thermal Energy Storage Program | Ice Thermal Storage | 2427 | 1160 Nicole Court, Glendora, California, United States | Operational |
| 1500 Walnut | Ice Thermal Storage | 210 | 1500 Walnut Street,, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102, United States | Operational |
| The State of North Carolina | Chilled Water Thermal Storage | 2590 | Salsbury St., Raleigh, North Carolina 27601, United States | Operational |
| University of Central Florida | Chilled Water Thermal Storage | 3000 | 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Orlando, Florida, United States | Operational |
| Cache Creek Casino | Chilled Water Thermal Storage | 1300 | 14455 California 16, Brooks, California 95606, United States | Operational |
| VA Medical Center | Chilled Water Thermal Storage | 2300 | 4500 South Lancaster Road, Dallas, Texas 75216, United States | Operational |
| Lackland Air Force Base | Chilled Water Thermal Storage | 580 | 1030 Reese, San Antonio, Texas 78299, United States | Operational |
| Geisinger Health System | Chilled Water Thermal Storage | 700 | 100 North Academy Avenue, Danville, Pennsylvania 17822, United States | Operational |
| University of Texas Pan-Am | Chilled Water Thermal Storage | 875 | 1201 W. University Dr., Edinburg, Texas 78539, United States | Operational |
| Texas Instruments Manufacturing Plant | Chilled Water Thermal Storage | 6400 | Dallas, Texas, United States | Operational |
| Federal Government Facility Chilled Water TES | Chilled Water Thermal Storage | 274 | Quantico, Virginia, United States | Operational |
| American Online Data Center | Chilled Water Thermal Storage | 1500 | Chantilly, Virginia, United States | Operational |
| Disney California Adventure | Chilled Water Thermal Storage | 2000 | 1313 Disneyland Dr., Anaheim, California 92802, United States | Operational |
Sources: Kuravi S, Trahan J, Goswami DY, Rahman MM, Stefanakos EK. Thermal energy storage technologies and systems for concentrating solar power plants. Prog Energy Comb Sci 2013;39:285-319; http://www.energystorageexchange.org/projects.
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