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Structural Steel Frames: Chapter 6 AT A GLANCE

What?

Structural steel frames are assembled from mild steel components and sections. A variety of steel sections are used to form a column and beam structure. Steel production is highly demanding in terms of energy consumption. However, once manufactured, it is possible to recycle steel components with minimal additional energy consumption, thus helping to balance out the material’s environmental impact over its life. Subject to appropriate detailing and fixing, the steel components may be reclaimed and reused once the building has reached the end of its service life. Steel frames require protection from fire, which is usually achieved by encasing the steel framework with dry lining materials or painting (spraying) the frame with an intumescent coating.

Why?

Framed buildings offer a dry and rapid form of construction and are a popular form of construction for tall buildings, as well as low rise commercial and industrial units. The framed structure allows long clear spans and hence freedom for positioning of internal partition walls. The framed construction allows considerable design freedom for the building envelope. For low‐rise buildings, a variety of claddings, from sheet materials to brickwork, may be used. Taller buildings tend to be designed to utilise curtain walling and cladding to form the external envelope.

When?

The structural steel frame will be erected after the foundations are complete. The rapid construction sequence provides a structural framework onto which the roof may be positioned and onto which the floors and external envelope are fixed. This quickly provides a weatherproof envelope within which internal works can proceed unhindered by the wind and rain. Tall buildings are usually scheduled so that the external envelope is fixed as the steel frame is erected, thus providing protection to workers and materials. Such techniques are common in fast‐track projects.

How?

The components of a structural steel frame will be produced under factory conditions to the engineer’s design. Components are available off the shelf for relatively simple, low‐rise buildings, or they can be manufactured to suit bespoke design requirements. The strength and stability of the structure will be determined by the interaction of columns and beams and the rigidity of the connections. Components may be delivered to site as individual components and/or as pre‐assembled wall and floor elements. The length of the columns and beams is limited by transportation restrictions and physical access to the construction site. The structural steel frame is erected on to pre‐prepared foundations, by using cranes and site personnel to help position the steel members. Members are fixed in position by using bolts through pre‐drilled holes and welds. The ease of fixing helps to aid the speed of erection and facilitate the ease of alterations, replacement and recovery of components at a future date.

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Table of Contents for Chapter 6 AT A GLANCE

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Table of Contents for
Chapter 6 AT A GLANCE