accreditation 33, 37–9, 40–4, 57–60
Act Three career coaching 144, 160–5
boards and committees, appointment to 165
practical input 161
what people want from work 161
Adjective Checklist (ACL) 113
advanced coaching see also career transitions; change; diversity; motivation
advice on careers 147
affiliative style of leadership 12
algorithms 180
Annual Review of High Performance Coaching and Consulting (ARHPCC) 182
anxiety 64, 72, 87–8, 157, 172, 179, 193
APECS (Association for Professional Executive Coaching and Supervision) 33, 49
Appreciative Inquiry (AI) 133, 139
Association for Coaching (AC) 33, 41–2
Association for Professional Executive Coaching and Supervision (APECS) 33, 49
auditory preferences 93
authoritative style of leadership 12
autotelic activity 87
awareness raising 74 see also Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
BAME (black and minority ethnic) 117, 123–4
basic skills see Big Five coaching skills
Beck Depression Inventory 102, 106
behaviours
behaviourism 81
economics 140
learned behaviour 112
psychometrics 101
belonging 161
Big Five coaching skills 53–78, 94
Act Three career coaching 161
career management 144, 147, 148
common factors approach 186, 187–9
contracting 53, 54–8, 83, 133–4, 184–5, 188–9
GROW model 53, 58–67, 73, 79, 91, 134, 185
individuality of coach 104
listening and hearing 53, 68–70, 71, 134, 185–6
motivation 173
non-directive approach 53, 75–7, 134, 185–6
Big Five coaching skills (continued)
personality, theory of 104
boards and committees, appointment to 165
body language 69
book groups 50
boundaries 40, 82, 86, 121, 173, 185
brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) 193–4
British Psychological Society (BPS) 38–9, 42, 101–2, 131
building coaching skills 79–95
neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) 92–3
top ten tools for coaching 94–5
business coaching
executive coaching, versus 8
life coaching, versus 7–8, 43, 98–9
research 181
business names 209
cabals 131
Cabinet Ministers 172
Cappfinity (formerly Capp) Strengths Profile 48, 111–12, 114
Career Anchors 101
career coaching see also Act Three career coaching; career management; career transitions; portfolio careers
Act Three career coaching 160
Big Five coaching skills 144, 147, 148
changing context 144, 145–8, 150
conversations with a purpose 149, 153–4
entry mechanisms and structures 150–1
experience and wisdom 149, 152–3
frameworks and paths 149, 150–2
goalsetting 149
information gathering, tools for 149–50
three levels 156
transitions distinguished 148, 155–6
career transitions 10, 48, 155–60 see also change
Act Three career coaching 160, 162
Big Five coaching skills 144, 156
emotions and confidence, managing 156, 157, 158
foot-in-both-camps transition 17
identity, journey to a new working 162–3
management of careers distinguished 148, 155–6
momentum, energy and pacing 156, 159
new career coaching 147
reading 35
risk and reward 164
successful career changes 165–6
training school sample events 35–6
whole life agenda 155
change 174–6 see also career transitions
Big Five coaching skills 83, 176
career management 144, 145–8, 150
MBTI 107
Prochaska’s Stages of Change model 83–4, 174
structure 167
Chatham House Rule 133
chemistry sessions 32–3, 54, 56
choice about being coached 55–6
CLEAR model 80
client/extratherapeutic factors 187, 188–9
CliftonStrengths (formerly Gallup StrengthsFinder) 48, 111, 112, 114
closed questions 71
CoachBots 180
coaches 10, 11–25 see also freelance coaching; portfolio careers
associations, from tight to loose 18–23
experience of great coaching 3–5
full-time professional freelance coaches 24–5
within organisations 11, 12–17
Coaches and Mentors of South Africa (COMENSA) 41
Coaches in Government Network 47–8
Coaching at Work (journal) 49, 207
co-active model 80
codes of ethics 33
coercive style of leadership 12
cognitive-behavioural psychology 92, 183–4
cognitive load 2, 80, 186, 189–90
cognitive psychology 83, 186, 189–90
collective thinking errors, tackling 133, 139–43
commitment 13–14, 19, 44, 67, 138, 164
common factors approach 186, 187–9
confidence
4 steps to confidence 87–9, 95, 190, 204
insecure overachievers 87
managing emotions 156, 157, 158
Positive Psychology (PP) 85, 87–9, 190
conscientiousness 109
Consulting Psychology Journal 49, 182
contact, making 205
contagion, emotional 91
context
common factors approach 186, 187–9
continuous learning 33, 47–50, 201
continuing professional development (CPD) 34, 48–9
refresher courses and new techniques 48–9
contracting
Big Five coaching skills 53, 54–8, 83, 133–4, 184–5
career management 149
confidentiality 54
during the work itself, elements 54, 55
life coaching 7
psychological aspects 54–5, 56, 83, 134
simple contracting 55
conversations with a purpose 149, 153–4
core competencies 37
counselling/therapy
counsellors, role of 9
empirical testing 186
neuroticism 28
training 40
culture
contracting 184
cross-cultural leadership 186, 190
environments 90
GLOBE project 190
life coaching 7
organisational culture 5, 14, 56, 77, 116, 186, 190
questionnaires 130
Daniel Difference Model (DDM) 116–24
checklist using the Big Five approach 121–2
leadership issue, diversity as a 117
predictions, brain’s propensity to make 118–20
response, expectations of a 117
shared bias versus shared assumptions 116–17, 119–21
terminology of difference 118
dark side of leadership 112, 114
day job, coaching in the 16–17, 23, 48
DDM see Daniel Difference Model (DDM)
deepening coaching skills 99–114
democratic style of leadership 12
depression 9, 91, 102, 106–7, 159–60, 193
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM IV) 111
differences 5, 116–18, 123 see also Daniel Difference Model (DDM)
directive/non-directive approach 7, 76
directors 11, 15–16, 31–2, 41–2, 165, 172
disaggregated careers 145
diversity 115–24 see also Daniel Difference Model (DDM) 116–24
downloading 190
drive 82
earnings see income
elevator pitches 159, 208, 214
emotions see also feelings
behavioural economics 91
competence 114
Daniel Difference Model (DDM) 118–19
feedback 128
flow 87
listening to understand 69
managing emotions 156, 157, 158
MBTI 104
responses 128
suitability for coaching 28
Thinking Environment 137
entry mechanisms and structures 150–1
environments 90, 133, 137–8, 149, 153
equality between coaches and coachees 80, 137
European Mentoring and Coaching Council (EMCC) 33, 37, 41–2, 51
evidence-based practice 176, 180
executive/senior management coaching see also leadership
business coaching, versus 8
Daniel Difference Model (DDM) 117
drive 82
feedback 127
leadership coaching 8
MBTI 108
sounding board, coaches as 179–80
experience of great coaching 31–5
external coaches 1, 11, 16, 30, 41, 47–8
extratherapeutic factors 187, 188–9
extraversion (E) 103, 104, 108
families 3, 23, 44–5, 98, 159, 161, 194
feedback 40, 82, 97–8, 127–8, 150 see also 360° feedback
feeling (F) 91, 103, 107–8 see also emotions
finding a coach 203
FIRO-B (Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation-Behaviour)
access 101
Expressed and Wanted scores 110
psychometrics 48, 103, 109–10, 113, 114, 132, 136, 150
relational factors 90
flight or fight 192
foot-in-both-camps transition 17
forgiveness 157
Fredrickson/Losada Ratio 192, 194
freelance coaching 17–25, 195–215
continuous learning 48
full-time professional coaches 24–5
how long it takes to build a business 201–2
impact, doing things that make the most 205
freelance coaching (continued)
not-very-freelancers 18
succeed and those who don’t, difference between those who 202–3
FT Guide to Business Start-up 203
Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) 126, 127, 132, 173
Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation-Behaviour see FIRO-B (Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation-Behaviour)
personality 29
self-awareness 123
general practitioners (GPs) 9
German Chapter of Meyler Campbell 20–1
global financial crisis of 2008 12
GLOBE project 190
goals (G) 62–5, 149, 185, 198–200
good, how do you know coaches are 32–3
groups see team/group coaching
GROW Model 34, 53, 58–67, 126, 185
Big Five coaching skills 53, 58–67, 73, 79, 91, 134, 185
career management 149
context 132
goals 59, 60, 62–6, 91, 132, 134, 185, 198–200
listening and hearing 59–60, 189
non-directive 189
options 59, 60–1, 66–7, 89, 132, 134, 139, 164, 171, 175, 203–12
reality 59, 60, 65–6, 132, 134, 139, 175–6, 200–3
short courses 36
venting 179
will 59, 61, 67, 132, 134, 175, 213–15
habits
cognitive load 80
cognitive psychology 189
collective thinking errors 139
effective thinking 91
heuristics 140
jargon 93
non-directive coaching 76
successful coaches 202
Harvard Business Review (HBR) 1, 12, 44
headhunting 11, 24, 147, 158, 206
health issues 83, 88–91, 145, 159–60, 174, 194 see also mental health
health psychologists 83
hearing see listening and hearing
high achievers (HAs) 82
Hogan suite of personality tests 102, 112, 150
HR (human resources)/L&D (learning and development) directors 11, 15–16, 31–2, 41–2
human resources see HR (human resources)/L&D (learning and development) directors
humanistic psychology 83, 104, 185–6
In the Grip (OPP) 107
income
Act Three career coaching 161
continuous learning 34
full-time professional freelance coaches 24
how long it takes to build a business 201–2
return on investment (ROI) 34, 44–5
training 45
choice about being coached 55–6
contracting 55–6, 57, 127, 133
divergence between organisation and individuals 57
interviews by the coach 129–30
motivation, variations in 168
information gathering, tools for 149–50
Inner Game approach 81
insecure overachievers 87
insight sessions 114
Institute of Directors 172
intellectual freshness and edge 214–15
International Coach Federation (ICF) 33, 41–2, 51
International Coaching Psychology Review (ICPR) 182
An International Journal of Theory, Research and Practice 182
interviews
structured interview approach 99
telephone interviews 129
inventories see strengths inventories
journals 49, 103–4, 182–3, 212
judging or perceiving (J/P) 103
jungle metaphor 198–9, 204, 213, 215
Katzenbach’s work 133, 138, 139
kinaesthetic preferences 93
Kline’s thinking environment 133, 137–8
L&D/HR directors 11, 15–16, 31–2, 41–2
leadership coaching
affiliative style 12
authoritative style 12
business coaching, versus 8
coercive style 12
democratic style 12
diversity 117
European countries/clusters, attributes in 191
executive coaching 8
Leadership Judgement Indicator (LJI) 113
pace-setting style 12
psychometrics 113
scientific research 183
senior management 10
learned behaviours 112
learning 37, 76, 149, 153, 161, 193 see also continuous learning; training
Lencioni’s Five Dysfunctions of Teams 133, 138–9
life background of client 98
life coaching 7–8, 43, 45, 92, 98–9
listening and hearing
active listening 68
Big Five coaching skills 53, 68–70, 71, 134, 185–6
career transitions 157
Kline’s thinking environment 137
Time to Think approach 134
understand, listening to 69–70
Lone Rangers (LRs) 11–12, 24–5
loneliness and isolation 3, 18
longevity 144, 145–6, 160, 202
management see career management
resources 215
Master’s courses 44
matrix management 145
MBTI see Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
mental health 158, 160 see also emotions
depression 9, 91, 102, 106–7, 159–60, 193
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM IV) 111
professionals, types of 9
metaphor 80
Meyler Campbell 20–1, 37, 51, 209
Milgram experiments 125–6, 140–1
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) 102, 113
individuals, variation between 168
Ryan and Deci Continuum 168–9, 170, 172–3
will 67
Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) 5, 95, 103–9
access to tests 101
applications for coaching 106–8
cognitive style 91
E/I (extraversion/introversion) 103, 104, 108
five versus four scales 104, 105
how to coach by personality type 106–7
intelligence as confound 108–9
J/P (judging or perceiving) 103
non-judgemental, as 106
normal distribution versus bimodal 104, 105
options 204
psychometrics 103–9, 113, 132, 136, 150
S/N (sensing or intuition) 103, 107, 108
stress and getting out of it 107
T/F (thinking or feeling) 103, 107–8
type, coaching by personality 106–7
understanding 91
Nature (journal) 182
NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) 102, 104, 106, 150
networking
career transitions 17, 154, 165
freelancers 204–5, 211–12, 215
length of time 201
market growth 2
purpose, conversations with a 153–4
neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) 92–3
neuroplasticity revolution 193–4
neuroscience 72–3, 145, 187, 193–4
neuroticism 28, 104, 106, 109, 171
no, saying 205
non-directive approach
Big Five coaching skills 53, 75–7, 134, 185–6
directive coaching distinguished 7, 76
listening and hearing 68
training 39
unlearning 76
non-executive directorships 165, 172
open questions 71
options (O)
GROW model 59, 60–1, 66–7, 89, 132, 134, 139, 164, 171, 175, 203–12
marketing 204
organisational culture 5, 14, 56, 77, 116, 186, 190
organisational psychology 186, 190, 191
overachievers 87
pen-and-paper approaches 97–9, 135
pensions 146
perceiving (P) 103
PERFECT model 83, 85, 89, 90, 95, 190, 214
performance
high-performance 192
peak 81, 84, 102, 158, 185, 192
sales performance, improving 183–4
team 207
personality see also Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
chemistry sessions 32–3, 154, 156
gender balance 29
NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) 102, 104, 106, 150
spark 95
PhD courses 44
physical health 83, 88–91, 145, 159–60, 174, 194
placebos 187
Act Three career coaching 160, 163
foot-in-both-camps transition 17
portfolio careers (continued)
quality of life 23
schedule yourself, work you can 151
short notice, intensive and well-paid pace 151–2
steady pace 151
uncertainty 151
Positive Psychology (PP) 84–92
balanced approach 84
broaden and build effect 192
confidence, 4 steps to 85, 87–9, 190
effective thinking 91
environment 90
Fredrickson/Losado Ratio 192
high-performance 192
motivation 168
negativity 192
scientific research 187, 190–2
strengths inventories 48, 111, 114, 190
teams 192
Thomas–Kilman instrument 90, 101
3:1 ratio 192
potential, developing high 10
power relationships 8
practical input 165
predictions, brain’s propensity to make 118–20
preparation for change 84, 174, 175
previous employers, offering services back to 18
prior interest in coaching 27–8, 30
Prochaska’s Stages of Change model 83–4, 95, 174
productivity, improving 183
professional bodies 180
Professional Career Partnership (PCP) 144
professional services firms (PSFs) 13, 131
profiling 136
psychiatrists 9
psychodynamic approaches 83
psychology see also Positive Psychology (PP); psychometrics
accreditation 42
behaviourists 83
building coaching skills 82–92
cognitive-behavioural 92, 102, 183–4
cognitive psychologists 83, 186, 189–90
confidentiality 54
contracting 54–5, 56, 83, 133–4
health psychologists 83
humanistic psychology 83, 104, 185–6
psychodynamic psychologists 83
psychometrics 52, 99–114 see also Myers–Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI)
annual staff attitude surveys 132
bureaux 102
career management 150
dark side 112
discriminating, test must be 100
FIRO-B 48, 103, 109–10, 113, 114, 132, 136, 150
Hogan suite 150
indirect access to tests 102
insight sessions 114
leadership 113
MBTI 103–9, 113, 132, 136, 150
medical practitioner, only available to 102
NEO Personality Inventory (NEO PI-R) 150
objectivity 99
practice, what coaches use in 113–14
profiling 136
reliability 99
16PF 150
Strong Interest Inventory 150
structured feedback 150
validity 99
psychopathy 12
psychotherapists 9, 186, 187–9
psychoticism 104
Public Appointments Office (PAO) 165
purposes of work 161
quality of life 23
questioning
Big Five coaching skills 53, 70–5, 185–6
closed questions 71
different questions for different tasks 71–2
experience of great coaching 33–4
information gathering, tools for 149–50
open questions 71
responsibility, generating 74–5
reality (R)
GROW model 59, 60, 65–6, 132, 134, 139, 175–6, 200–3
how long it takes to build a business 201–2
succeed and those who don’t, difference between those who 202–3
recruiting 206
references 203
relationships 8, 90, 117–18, 156, 159, 187 see also FIRO-B (Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation-Behaviour)
remuneration see income
research see scientific research
responsibility, generating 74–5
retirement 160
return on investment (ROI) 34, 44–5
risk and reward 164
Ryan and Deci Continuum 95, 168–9, 170, 172–3
sales performance, improving 183–4
scheduling work yourself 151–2
Schein’s Career Anchors 101
algorithms 180
Big Five coaching skills 184–6
business research distinguished 181
cognitive psychology 186, 189–90
combining coaching and training 183
explanations, providing 181
field, considering a different 181
leadership 183
organisational psychology 186, 190, 191
Positive Psychology 187, 190–2
professional bodies 180
psychotherapy and common factors of effective therapies 186, 187–9
sales performance, improving 183–4
teams, coaching in 184
Self 1 / Self 2 distinction 81
self-awareness 4, 26, 96–7, 99, 108–10
self-consciousness 87
senior management see executive/senior management coaching; leadership
sensing or intuition (S/N) 103, 107, 108
shared bias versus shared assumptions 116–17, 119–21
Sherpa Coaching 200
six degrees of separation 206, 211
16PF test 150
skills see building coaching skills
SMART (Specific, Measured, Achievable, Realistic and Timed) goals 62, 64, 207, 213
social media 50, 154, 195–8, 203
solution-focused coaching 80
sounding boards, coaches as 179–80
space stretch 3
space to think 179
spark 95
Special Group in Coaching Psychology (SGCP) 42
staff attitude surveys 132
strategy planning 10
strengths 88, 139 see also strengths inventories
Cappfinity (formerly Capp) Strengths Profile 48, 111–12, 114
CliftonStrengths (formerly Gallup StrengthsFinder) 48, 111, 112, 114
Positive Psychology 48, 111, 114, 190
realised and unrealised strengths 112
VIA (Values in Action) Inventory of Strengths 48, 92, 111, 112, 114, 150
stress 10, 23, 70, 86, 88, 107, 178
Strong interest inventory 150
structured learning 37
succeed and those who don’t, difference between those who 202–3
supply side see coaches
support structures 3, 37, 50, 215
team/group coaching 125–6, 132–43
advanced coaching 125–6, 132–43
Appreciative Inquiry (AI) 133, 139
Big Five coaching skills 133–4
collective thinking errors, tackling 133, 139–43
context 126
cross-border teams 145
FIRO-B 110
groupthink, keys to averting 142–3
Katzenbach’s work 133, 138, 139
Kline’s thinking environment 133, 137–8
Lencioni’s Five Dysfunctions of Teams 133, 138–9
listening and questioning 134
pen-and-paper approach 135
Positive Psychology 192
psychometric profiling 136
scientific research 184
tasks, forming around 138
team, definition of 138
telephone interviews 129
therapy see counselling/therapy
thinking
Kline’s thinking environment 133, 137–8
thinking or feeling (T/F) 103, 107–8
Time to Think approach 134
Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal 102
third stage career coaching see Act Three career coaching
Thomas–Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument (TKI) 90, 101
bespoke instruments, using 129, 130
BPS best practice guidelines 131
cabals 131
contracting 127
ego identity 130
feedback 48
interviews by the coach 129–30
off-the-shelf instrument, using an 129, 130
time
build a business, time it takes to 201–2
management 76
shrink 3
space to think 179
stretch 2
Time to Think approach 134
ability 102
accrediting organisations 33, 37–9, 40–4
choosing the right course 43–7
combining coaching and training 183
commercial aspects 54
counselling 40
credibility 27
dipping your toe into the water 35–6
elements of a good course 37–43
fast-track route 42
feedback 40
format of training 46
freelancers 45
goals 63
income 45
level of training 44
life versus business coach learning 43
master’s/PhD or practitioner level 44
non-directive approach 39
non-executive directorships 172
practicalities 46
productivity, improving 183
reading 35
return on investment (ROI) 44–5
specialisms 38
structured learning 37
supervision 40
transformation 112
transition see career transitions
transition clients 48, 155, 158
truth to power, speaking 180
turbulence, managing through 10
TXG 32
Type and Change (OPP) 107
Type Differentiation Indicator (TDI) 105
unconventional career strategies 165–6
urgency 155
VIA (Values in Action) Inventory of Strengths 48, 92, 111, 112, 114, 150
visual preferences 93
voluntary work 48
Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal 102
what people want from work 161
wheel of life diagrams 98
who provides coaching 10
whole life agenda 155
will (W)
GROW model 59, 61, 67, 132, 134, 175, 213–15
motivation 67
PERFECT model 214
word of mouth 4, 31–2, 43, 49, 195–6, 203, 211
working hours 177
working memory 140, 186, 189–90
Worldwide Association of Business Coaches (WABC) 41
Zimbardo prison experiment 126
zone, being in the 85
18.217.206.112