Blockchain promises to fundamentally solve the issues of time and trust to address inefficiencies and costs in industries such as financial services, supply chains, logistics, and healthcare. Blockchain's key features include immutability and a shared ledger where transactional updates are performed by a consensus-driven trust system, which can facilitate a truly digital interaction between multiple parties.

This digital interaction is not only bound by systemic trust, but ensures that the provenance of the transactional record maintains an immutable track record of interaction between parties. This very characteristic lends itself to culpability and non-repudiation, and incentivizes fair play. With the blockchain system design, we are attempting to build a system that has implied trust. This trust system leads to reduced risks, and various applied technology constructs such as a cryptography, encryption, smart contracts, and consensus essentially create gates to not only reduce risk but to also infuse added security into the transaction system.

We will be covering the following aspects of blockchain in our discussion for this chapter:

• Defining a blockchain
• Building blocks of blockchain solutions
• Fundamentals of the secure transaction processing protocol
• Applications of blockchain
• Blockchain in an enterprise
• Enterprise design principles
• Business considerations for choosing a blockchain framework
• Considerations for choosing a blockchain framework