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by Vivek Utgikar
Fundamental Concepts and Computations in Chemical Engineering
About This E-Book
Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication Page
Contents
Preface
Who Should Read This Book
How This Book Is Organized
Acknowledgments
About the Author
Chapter 1. The Chemical Engineering Profession
1.1 Engineering and Engineers
1.2 Engineering Disciplines
1.3 Defining Chemical Engineering
1.4 Roles and Responsibilities of a Chemical Engineer
1.5 Employment of Chemical Engineers
1.6 Summary
References
Problems
Chapter 2. Chemical and Allied Industries
2.1 Classification of Industries
2.2 The Chemical Industry
2.2.1 Basic Inorganic Chemicals
2.2.2 Industrial Gases
2.2.3 Basic Organic Chemicals and Petrochemicals
2.2.4 Fertilizer Products
2.2.5 Polymer Products
2.2.6 Pharmaceutical Products
2.2.7 Other Chemical Products
2.3 Related Industries
2.3.1 Paper Products
2.3.2 Petroleum and Coal Products
2.3.3 Plastics and Rubber Products
2.3.4 Other Related Industries
2.4 Top 50 Chemical Companies
2.5 Important Chemical Products
2.5.1 Sulfuric Acid
2.5.2 Caustic Soda and Chlorine
2.5.3 Nitrogen and Oxygen
2.5.4 Hydrogen and Carbon Dioxide
2.5.5 Ammonia
2.5.6 Soda Ash (Sodium Carbonate)
2.5.7 Ethylene and Propylene
2.5.8 Benzene, Toluene, and Xylenes
2.6 Characteristics of Chemical Industries
2.7 Summary
References
Problems
Chapter 3. Making of a Chemical Engineer
3.1 A Chemical Process Plant: Synthesis of Ammonia
3.2 Responsibilities and Functions of a Chemical Engineer
3.3 Chemical Engineering Curriculum
3.3.1 Advanced Chemical Engineering Courses
3.3.2 Fundamental Chemical Engineering Courses
3.3.3 Engineering Science Courses
3.3.4 Fundamental Science and Mathematics Courses
3.3.5 General Education Courses
3.4 Summary
References
Problems
Chapter 4. Introduction to Computations in Chemical Engineering
4.1 Nature of Chemical Engineering Computational Problems
4.1.1 Algebraic Equations
4.1.2 Transcendental Equations
4.1.3 Ordinary Differential Equations
4.1.4 Partial Differential Equations
4.1.5 Integral Equations
4.1.6 Regression Analysis and Interpolation
4.2 Solution Algorithms
4.2.1 Linear Algebraic Equations
4.2.2 Polynomial and Transcendental Equations
4.2.3 Derivatives and Differential Equations
4.2.4 Regression Analysis
4.2.5 Integration
4.3 Computational Tools—Machines and Software
4.3.1 Computational Machines
4.3.2 Software
4.4 Summary
References
Problems
Chapter 5. Computations in Fluid Flow
5.1 Qualitative Description of Flow in Conduits
5.1.1 Velocity Profiles in Laminar and Turbulent Flows
5.2 Quantitative Analysis of Fluid Flow
5.2.1 Energy Balance for Fluid Flow
5.2.2 Viscosity
5.2.3 Reynolds Number
5.2.4 Pressure Drop Across a Flow Conduit
5.3 Basic Computational Problems
5.4 Summary
References
Problems
Chapter 6. Material Balance Computations
6.1 Quantitative Principles of Material Balance
6.1.1 Overall Material Balance
6.1.2 Component Material Balance
6.2 Material Balances in Nonreacting Systems
6.3 Material Balances in Reacting Systems
6.4 Material Balances over Multiple Process Units
6.5 Summary
References
Problems
Chapter 7. Energy Balance Computations
7.1 Quantitative Principles of Energy Balance
7.1.1 Forms of Energy
7.1.2 Generalized Energy Balance
7.1.3 Enthalpy and Heat Capacity
7.1.4 Enthalpy Changes in Processes
7.2 Basic Energy Balance Problems
7.3 Summary
References
Problems
Chapter 8. Computations in Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics
8.1 Fundamental Concepts of Thermodynamics
8.1.1 System Definition, Properties, and State
8.1.2 Internal Energy and Entropy
8.1.3 Enthalpy and Free Energies
8.1.4 Property Changes in Transformations
8.1.5 Chemical Potential and Equilibrium
8.1.6 Volumetric Behavior of Substances
8.1.7 Nonideality
8.2 Basic Computational Problems
8.3 Summary
References
Problems
Chapter 9. Computations in Chemical Engineering Kinetics
9.1 Fundamental Concepts of Chemical Engineering Kinetics
9.1.1 Intrinsic Kinetics and Reaction Rate Parameters
9.1.2 Batch and Continuous Reactors
9.1.3 Reactor Design
9.1.4 Conversion
9.1.5 Other Considerations
9.2 Basic Computational Problems
9.3 Summary
References
Problems
Epilogue
Appendix A. Introduction to Mathematical Software Packages
A.1 Example 9.2.2 Revisited
A.1.1 POLYMATH Solution
A.1.2 MATLAB Solution
A.2 Comparison of Software Packages
A.2.1 Variables and Basic Operations
A.2.2 Equation Solving, Symbolic Computations, Plots, and Regression
A.2.3 Programming
A.2.4 User Interface and Ease of Use
A.3 Summary
References
Appendix B. Computations Using Process Simulation Software
B.1 Problem Statement: Adiabatic Flash Operation
B.2 Theoretical Background and Solution Procedure
B.2.1 Theoretical Background
B.2.2 Solution Procedure
B.3 Solution and Analysis of Results
B.3.1 Simulation Using SRK Model
B.3.2 Comparison of Results with Ideal Behavior
B.4 Summary
References
Index
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