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Information Technology: An Introduction for Today’s Digital World
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Information Technology: An Introduction for Today’s Digital World
by Richard Fox
Information Technology
Preface
How to Use This Textbook
Acknowledgments and Contributions
Author
Chapter 1 - Introduction to Information Technology
WHAT IS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY?
Who Studies IT?
IT Infrastructure
Computers
Software
Users
Our View Today
Further Reading
Review Terms
Chapter 2 - Computer Organization and Hardware
Structure of a Computer
A Program
Executing the Program
Role of CPU
Role of Memory
Role of Input and Output
Computer Hardware and Computer Assembly (Installation)
CPU
Memory
System Unit
Motherboard
Hard Disk Drive
Further Reading
Review Terms
Chapter 3 - Binary Numbering System
Numbering Systems
Binary Numbering System
Negative Numbers and Fractions
Character Representations
Binary Operations
Examples of Using Binary Numbers
Network Addresses and Netmasks
Image Files
Error Detection and Correction
Further Reading
Review Terms
Chapter 4 - Introduction to Operating System Concepts
What Is an Operating System?
Some Useful Terms
Hardware
Software
Computer System
Kernel
Device Drivers
Shell
Utility Programs
OS Tasks
User Interface
Process Management
Scheduling
Memory Management
Resource Management
File System Management
Protection and Security
Forms of Process Management
Booting and System Initialization
Administrator Account
Installing an OS
Installing Windows
Installing Linux
Further Reading
Review Terms
Chapter 5 - Files, Directories, and the File System
Files and Directories
File Systems and Disks
Linux File System
Linux File Space
Linux Partitions
Linux Inodes
Windows File System
Moving around the File System
Linux
DOS
File System and System Administration Tasks
Further Reading
Review Terms
Chapter 6 - Users, Groups, and Permissions
Users
Setting Up User Accounts
Linux
Windows
Role of a Group
Permissions
Linux
Windows
Miscellaneous User Account Topics
Further Reading
Review Terms
Chapter 7 - History of Computers
Evolution of Computer Hardware
Before the Generations
First Generation
Second and Third Generations
Fourth Generation
Evolution of Computer Software
Evolution of the Computer User
Impact on Society
Further Reading
Review terms
Chapter 8 - Operating Systems History
Before Linux and Windows
A History of Unix
A History of Linux
Differences and Distributions
Open Source Movement
A History of Windows
Further Reading
Review Terms
Chapter 9 - Bash Shell and Editing
Shells
Bash Shell Editing Features
Exploring the Bash Interpreter
Personalizing Your Bash Shell
Text Editors
The vi Editor
The Emacs Editor
Further Reading
Review Terms
Chapter 10 - Regular Expressions
Metacharacters
Bash and Wildcards
The grep Program
Other Uses of Regular Expressions
Further Reading
Review terms
Chapter 11 - Processes and Services
Starting a Process
Process Execution
Process Status
Scheduling Processes
Terminating Processes
Services
Configuring Services
Establishing Services at Boot Time
Further Reading
Review Terms
Chapter 12 - Networks, Network Software, and the Internet
Networks at a Hardware Level
Networks at a Logical Level
Network Protocols
Network Software
The Internet
How the Internet Works
Brief History of the Internet
Future of the Internet
Further Reading
Review Terms
Chapter 13 - Software
Types of Software
Software-Related Terminology
Software Management
Services and Servers
Web Server
Proxy Server
Database Server
FTP Server
File Server
E-mail Server
Domain Name System
Further Reading
Review terms
Chapter 14 - Programming
Types of Languages
A Brief Examination of High Level Programming Languages
Types of Instructions
Input and Output Instructions
Assignment Statements
Selection Statements
Iteration Statements
Subroutines and Subroutine Calls
Special Purpose Instructions
Scripting Languages
Types of Instructions
Bash Shell Language
MS-DOS
Further Reading
Review Terms
Chapter 15 - Information
What Is Information?
Data and Databases
Information Assurance and Security
Threats and Solutions
Cryptography
Laws
Further Reading
Review terms
Chapter 16 - Careers in Information Technology
IT Careers
Network Administration
Systems Administration
Web Administration
Database Administration
Computer Support Specialist
IT Management
Related Careers
Computer Forensics
Web Development
Programming/Software Engineer
Information Systems
Computer Technician
IT Ethics
Other Social Considerations
Continuing Education
Further Reading
Review Terms
Appendix A: Glossary of Terms
Appendix B: Linux and DOS Information
Linux Commands
Linux Files and Directories of Note
DOS Commands of Note
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Preliminaries
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