For this lab, we'll be working with the adduser utility, which is peculiar to Debian/Ubuntu systems:

1. On your Ubuntu virtual machine, open the /etc/adduser.conf file for editing. Find the line that says DIR_MODE=0755 and change it to DIR_MODE=0700. Save the file and exit the text editor.
2. Install the ecryptfs-utils package:

sudo apt install ecryptfs-utils

3. Create a user account with an encrypted home directory for Cleopatra and then view the results:

 sudo adduser --encrypt-home cleopatra
 ls -l /home

4. Log in as Cleopatra and run the ecryptfs-unwrap-passphrase command:

su - cleopatra
ecryptfs-unwrap-passphrase
exit

Note that some of the information that adduser asks for is optional, and you can just hit the Enter key for those items.