ROS is now a trending software framework among roboticists. Gaining knowledge in ROS is essential in the upcoming years if you are planning to build your career as a robotics engineer. In this chapter, we have gone through the basics of ROS, mainly to refresh the concepts if you have already learned ROS. We discussed the necessity of learning ROS and how it excels among the current robotics software platforms. We went through the basic concepts, such as the ROS Master, the parameter server, and roscore , and looked at the explanation of the working of roscore. In the next chapter, we will introduce the ROS package management, discussing some practical examples of the ROS communication system.