Page references followed by fig indicate an illustrated figure.
A
Academic content knowledge: “can’t kids just be kids” argument against; on creation of the universe and origins of humankind; developmentally appropriate; fascination many children have for old and dead subjects; of hi-lo books; importance of acquiring prekindergarten; keeping it simple summary on increasing; parental strategies to increase; playing catch-up for; time spent in first and third grade classrooms by subject. See also Knowledge
Academic content knowledge strategies: encouraging child’s independent study; playing board games; reading with your child; talking to your child about subjects
Academic reading: content knowledge gathered from; pleasure reading versus
Accelerated Reader software
Active listening
Adam, N.
Aesop’s fable on mother crab and child
Afternoon naps
Allianz, A.
Alliteration game
Alphabet: confusable letters in the; distinctive letters in the; English language; exploiting “letters in the wild” of the; learning letter-to-sound mappings of letters of the; learning to hear speech sounds of; Mann’s description of skeleton-shaped letters of the; phonics instruction on letter-sound pairs of the; print referencing letters of the; rules of thumb for American kindergarten skills on; as written visual symbols signifying sound
Ambrose, St. (silent reader statue)
American Academy of Pediatrics
American Girl (magazine)
American Time Use Survey
Apples and Bananas game
Apples to Apples Junior (board game)
Arnold, N.
Aro, M.
Attention: architecture of the mind and; digital devices and inability to sustain; multitasking impact on
Attitudes. See Reading attitudes
Authors (card game)
B
Background knowledge: comprehension and importance of acquiring; comprehension based on knowing genre conventions; comprehension dependent on having the relevant; experiment on verbal skill and; Googling information as no substitution for; playing catch-up for; prior knowledge as; reading as best way to acquire broad; required to understand lesson on first European colonists; situation model created through; when comprehension is hurt by lack of
Balanced literacy instruction: description of; outcomes of; reading activities used during
Bargaining for reading
Birthday book presents
Birthday cake urban myth
Bohn, R.
Book It! program (Pizza Hut)
Bookcase display: best design and location of; putting books at child’s eye level
Books: choosing; display of; electronic (e-books); encouraging reading by providing easy access to; given as birthday gifts; hi-lo; learning vocabulary from picture; maximizing your child’s accessibility to; pleasure reading “fun,”
Brain: architecture of the mind and; bregma point of the; how multitasking affects the; research on meaningful word response by the
Bregma point
Bridge to Terabithia
C
“Can’t kids just be kids” argument
Carr, N.
Causal connections
Charlotte’s Web
Children: avoid pressuring them to read; dyslexia and; focused on learning instead of failure; getting them to read; learning letter-to-sound mappings; mirror the type of talk they hear; parents’ attitude toward reading ability of; practical literacy activities to do with your; preventing reading motivation backslide in; reading attitudes of; reading motivation of; teaching them independent play; testing ability to hear individual speech sounds; who have the gift of curiosity. See also Self-concept; specific age-group or grade level; Teenagers
Child’s questions: barriers to answering; comprehension strategy of generating; discomforting; knowledge building by answering; strategies for cultivating; when choosing a book to read
Choosing books: allowing classroom practice of; for classroom pleasure reading; displaying bookcases for ease of; electronic (e-books) versus print books; four factors of how a child will go about; keeping it simple summary for; making reading the most attractive choice; questions to consider when; resources on
Classroom activity tips: feedback matters; include phonics instruction as part of; students can focus on only one new thing at a time; you learn more from doing than watching
Classroom libraries: allowing students to choose books from; how to set up a great; silent pleasure reading facilitated by
Classrooms: academic versus pleasure reading in; creating great reading; how they can enhance reading attitudes; reading instruction activities for; reading rewards in; tips for effective reading activities used in. See also Kindergarten through second-grade classrooms; Third-grade classrooms
Clear Pictures (Price)
Cleary, Beverly
Click (magazine)
Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs
Collins, B.
Common Core State Standards
Complex texts: caution against overdoing reading comprehension instruction for; comparing decoding of complex movie plots and; digital literacy of; furniture assembly strategy instructions; historic letter from Einstein to President Roosevelt on atomic bombs; instruction on reading comprehension strategies for; keeping it simple summary to promote comprehension of; new demands for working with; noticing failed comprehension of; parental strategies for promoting comprehension of; three factors that determine comprehension of
Compound words
Comprehension. See Reading comprehension
Comprehension monitoring
Computer games: average daily word consumption from; wishes vs. reality in teenagers’ leisure time spent on
Computers: average daily word consumption from; limited number of activities by teens on
Concentration: architecture of the mind and ability for; digital devices and loss of; multitasking impact on
Confusable letters
Content knowledge. See Academic content knowledge
Context-ambiguity resolution
Cooperative learning
Correlations: description and function of; reading test and cultural literacy test scores
Covich, J.
CSI (TV show)
“Cultural literacy” knowledge
Curiosity: barriers to questions driven by child’s; knowledge building role of
Curious George
D
Dall-Orto, G.
Decoding: comparing complex movie plots and complex text; comparing reading comprehension to; confusable letters; as foundation for reading; learning letter-to-sound mappings; link between reading self-concept and ability for; reading via spelling as type of; recognizing written visual symbols that signify sounds; reminding child that reading is more than just; role of sound in; visual representation of a sentence; visual task in learning to read
Decoding instruction: balanced literacy approach to; digital technologies used for; home strategies to support; keeping it simple summary on; kindergarten classroom activities for; phonics-based; when to be concerned about your child’s; “Which theory is right?” on; whole-word
Decoding preparation: helping your child hear speech sounds; keeping it simply summary of; learning letters; when to begin reading instruction as part of
Despicable Me (film)
“Developmentally appropriateness,”
Dialogic reading techniques
Diary of a Wimpy Kid (Kinney)
Dickens, Charles
Digital age knowledge: average daily word consumption by media; multiple sources of; reading volume to increase
Digital displacements
Digital literacy: description of; evaluating common digital conventions; evaluating information aspect of; of the Northwest Tree Octopus website
Digital technologies: application of the displacement hypothesis on; example of feature-rich but confusing remote; functional equivalence hypothesis on print media replaced by; how to best implement; negative impact on pleasure reading by; personalized instruction using; providing omnipresent entertainment. See also Electronic books (e-books); Internet; Social networking
Discomforting questions
Disgusting Digestion (Arnold)
Displacement hypothesis
Distinctive letters
Duke, N.
DVD players
Dysfluent readers
Dyslexia resources
E
Einstein, Albert
Electronic books (e-books): comparing print books to; pleasure reading and easy access to downloading; research findings on pros and cons of. See also Digital technologies
The Elementary School Journal
The Elson Readers
English language: complexity of decoding in the; lag-time of child letter-sound mapping in the; letter-sound mapping in the
Erskine, J. M.
European colonists background knowledge
Eyewitness: Robots
F
Facebook
Family library trips
Family reading rituals
Family reading times
Feedback: danger of praising performance type of; focusing on learning instead of failure; importance of providing; read-alouds
First-grade. See Kindergarten through second-grade classrooms
Fischer, C.
Fischer, J.
Fluency: comprehension through prosody and; dependence on being able to read via spelling; description of; keeping it simply summary on developing; parental strategies to promote child’s; reading as main mechanism to develop; self-teaching hypothesis on increasing
Fotolia, N.
Frog and Toad Together
Functional equivalence hypothesis
Furniture assembly strategy instructions
G
Genres: comprehension requiring knowing conventions of a specific; learning new; Western narrative
Geocacher Magazine
Globes
Good readers: characteristics of; implications for reading tests
Googling information
Gough, J.
Graphic novels
Graphic organizers
Great Depression
Guided reading
H
A Hard Day’s Knight (Beatles album)
Harris, Carol
Hattie, John
Have fun principle
Hi-lo books
Hi-lo publishers
Highlights (magazine)
The Hobbit (film)
Hoch, D.
Hollar, W.
Horton Hears a Hoo
The Hunger Games series
I
Ideas: comprehension by capturing the big; situation model to track multiple related
Independent academic study
Independent play
Independent reading. See also Pleasure reading
Infants: “motherese” speaking to; reading aloud to newborns and; research on brain response to meaningful word. See also Children
Information: building meaning through sentences to provide; connecting sentence to convey; digital literacy aspect of ability to evaluate; Googling for; how context resolves ambiguity of new; multiple sources of digital age. See also Knowledge
Innkpop website
Instruction. See Reading instruction
Interactive writing
Internet: functional equivalence hypothesis on print media replaced by the; hi-lo publishers listed on the; social networking websites on the. See also Digital technologies
“Is Google Making Us Stoopid?” (Carr)
J
The Jew of Malta
Journal of the Lepidopterist’s Society
K
Keller, Helen
Kind News (primary) [magazine]
Kindergarten through second-grade classrooms: academic content knowledge taught in; balanced literacy approach used in; “can’t kids just be kids” argument against academic content during; classroom reading activities; digital technologies used for; home strategies to support reading instruction in; parental strategies for increasing content knowledge taught in; phonics-based instruction in; preventing reading motivation backslide during; rules of thumb for American kindergarten reading proficiency; slowly increasing demands on comprehension during; time spent in classrooms during respective grades; whole-word instruction in. See also Classrooms; Third-grade classrooms
Kinney, J.
Kintsch, W.
Knowledge: building vocabulary; comprehension and role of background; comprehension based on knowing genre conventions; comprehension dependent on having the relevant; “cultural literacy”; digital age; experiment on verbal skill and; Googling information as no substitution for; keeping it simple summary for creating thirst for; playing catch-up for; prior; reading as best way to acquire broad; required to understand lesson on first European colonists; situation model created through background; when comprehension is hurt by lack of. See also Academic content knowledge; Information; Reading comprehension
Knowledge building: curiosity role in; read-alouds for; reading as best way for; vocabulary
Knowledge building questions: barriers to; child’s gift of curiosity driving
L
Ladybug (magazine)
Learning: cooperative; to hear speech sounds; letter-to-sound mappings; providing feedback that focuses on. See also Reading instruction
Leisure reading: practical benefits of; wishes versus reality in teenagers’ time spent on
Let’s eat, Grandma! joke
Letter-to-sound mappings: complexity in the English language; process of learning
Letters: confusable; distinctive; English language; exploiting “letters in the wild”; learning letter-to-sound mappings; learning to hear speech sounds of; logos and; Mann’s description of skeleton-shaped; print referencing; rules of thumb for American kindergarten skills on; teaching names of; as written visual symbols signifying sound
Librarians
Libraries: classroom; creating positive associations with; family trips to the; finding titles to interest your child at the; as source of children’s literature information
Listening actively
Literacy: balanced literacy instruction for; correlation between scores of reading test and cultural; digital; practical activities to increase your child’s
Little Bear
Logos
Looking for Alaska
Lotan, S.
Lovette, G.
M
Magazine Titles Recognition Test
Magazines
Manga (Japanese comic)
Mann, H.
Masterpiece (board game)
“The Matthew effect”
Mayer, Marissa
Meaning: built across sentences; connecting sentence; how syntactic rules determine differences in; Let’s eat, Grandma! joke on prosody and; research on infants’ brain response to words that have; two reading pathways to semantics and. See also Reading comprehension
Media exposure: activities that contribute to knowledge gained from; average daily word consumption by specific; keeping screen time under control; wishes versus reality in teenagers’ leisure time. See also Television viewing
Memory: nonverbal situation model and role of; verbal skill experiment on
Mental imagery
The Merchant of Venice
Mill, James
Mill, John Stuart
Mocomi (magazine)
Modeled writing
Month and name game
Mother crab and child story (Aesop’s fable)
Motherese
Motivation. See Reading motivation
Movies: average daily word consumption from; comparing complex text to complex plot of; The Hobbit
Mozart, M.
Mr. Popper’s Penguins
Mrs. Piggle Wiggle
Multitasking
Murphy, A.
Music-based daily word consumption
N
The Name Game
National Academy of Education report (1985)
National Assessment of Educational Progress (“Nation’s Report Card”)
National Geographic
National Geographic Kids (magazine)
“Nation’s Report Card” (National Assessment of Educational Progress)
Netflix
New Moon (magazine)
New York City Department Education
New York Times
Newspaper reading strategies
Nickelodeon (magazine)
No Child Left Behind
Nonverbal situation model
Northwest Tree Octopus website
Nursery rhymes
O
Older readers. See Teenagers
Oprah’s book club
Our Little Earth (magazine)
P
Palov’s dog conditioning experiment
Parental strategies: avoid pressuring your child to read; for building knowledge; for building vocabulary; for cultivating child’s questions; getting young children to read; helping your child hear speech sounds; for increasing academic content knowledge; for knowledge building by answering child’s questions; for learning letters; motherese; normalizing reading for your child; practice reading via practical literacy; for preventing motivation backslide; to promote child’s fluency; to promote pleasure reading in older children; for promoting comprehension of complex text; reading aloud; for shaping reading self-concept; to support school reading instruction; teaching child independent play; when to begin reading instruction; wordplay
Parents: accepting responsibility to motivate your child’s reading; attitude toward your child’s reading; avoiding pressuring your child to read; how they unconsciously encourage reading; resources about raising a reader for; why they should want their children to read; wishes versus reality in teenagers’ leisure time
Parfitt, C.
Password (game show)
PEER (dialogic reading techniques)
The Perks of Being a Wallflower
Phones: average daily word consumption from; downloading e-books on
Phonics instruction: the advantage of; blue-ribbon panels reports of English-speaking countries on; description of; disadvantage of the whole-word approach compared to; examining the theories of whole-word and; how it impacts reading motivation and attitudes; included in classroom activities
Phonology (word sounds). See also Speech sounds
Pizza Hut’s Book It! program
Play-Doh
Pleasure reading: academic versus; classroom; features of great reading classrooms encouraging; getting help to encourage your child’s; help your child with scheduling their; keeping it simple summary on promoting; make it easy to access books to encourage; negative impact of digital technologies on; seeking books that look fun for; shattering reading misconceptions to promote; using social connections to promote; Wattpad and Inkpop websites for. See also Independent reading
Portal (video game)
Positive reading attitudes. See Reading attitudes
Potok, C.
Practical literacy activities
Practice. See Reading practice
Praise: danger of praising performance; effects of reading rewards vs.
Preschoolers: developing positive reading attitudes in; developing reader self-concept in; getting them to read; learning letter-to-sound mappings; read-alouds tips for; when to begin reading instruction to. See also Children
Price, R.
Print media: average daily word consumption from; functional equivalence hypothesis on Internet replacing; Manga (Japanese comic); newspaper reading strategies
Print referencing
Prior knowledge
Pronunciation: of confusable letters; English language letter-sound mapping and; learning letter-to-sound mappings; learning to hear speech sounds of letters; of letters
Prosody: comprehension, fluency, and; description of; Let’s eat, Grandma! joke on meaning and; punctuation used to help vocalize the; teacher modeling of
Punctuation: Let’s eat, Grandma! joke; vocalizing the prosody using
Q
Questions: barriers to answering; as comprehension strategy; to consider when choosing book to read; discomforting; knowledge building by answering; strategies for cultivating
“Quiet time”
R
Radio-based daily word consumption
Ranger Rick, Jr. (magazine)
Ranger Rick (magazine)
Read-alouds: by Charles Dickens to his daughters; to develop child’s knowledge; dialogic reading technique for; e-books versus print books for; learning vocabulary from picture books; to newborns and infants; print referencing during; providing feedback during; tips for. See also Books; Reading practice
Readers: characteristics of good; dysfluent; dyslexic; encouraging reluctant readers among older; general characteristics of; implications for reading tests and good; resources for parents on raising; social networking sites for the teen; studies on tolerance for unfamiliar vocabulary by. See also Self-concept
Reading: academic versus pleasure; attitudes toward; avoid pressuring your child to engage in; as best way to acquire broad knowledge; digital displacements for; dysfluent; getting your children to start; have fun; how parents unconsciously encourage; increasing academic content knowledge through; as main mechanism to develop fluency; the mental journeys affording by; practical literacy activities to do with your child; promoted for the reluctant older reader; reminding child that it is more than just decoding; reviews of scientific literature on; shattering misconceptions about; sounds (phonology) and spelling pathways to meaning; utilitarian view of; why spelling matters to process of; wishes versus reality in teenagers’ leisure time spent
Reading attitudes: family rituals that can influence; how features of great classrooms impact; how reading instruction and motivation impact; impact of the teacher on; indirect influences on; keeping it simple summary for promoting positive; origins of emotional; reading virtuous cycle role of; studies on long-term negative impact of rewards on; understanding development of
Reading comprehension: capturing big ideas from the sentences; Carol Harris/Helen Keller example of; causal connections between sentences for; comparing complex text to movies with complex inferences; comparing decoding to; digital literacy and; as foundation for reading; noticing failure of; prosody and fluency for increased; relationship between vocabulary and; role of knowledge in; situation model to track multiple related ideas for; slowing increasing demands for; studies on readers’ 98 percent familiarity with vocabulary for; teacher monitoring of; three factors that determine; when a lack of knowledge hurts. See also Knowledge; Meaning
Reading comprehension strategies: used by adults; calculating effect of instruction on; caution against overdoing instruction on; commonly taught; furniture assembly strategy instructions; instruction on
Reading corners
Reading foundation: comprehension as; decoding as; motivation to read as. See also specific issue
Reading instruction: balanced literacy approach to; digital technologies used for; home strategies to support; how it impacts reading attitudes; kindergarten classroom activities for; phonics-based; on reading comprehension strategies; when to begin; whole-word. See also Learning; Reading proficiency
Reading motivation: attitudes toward reading and; bookcase display to facilitate; as foundation for reading; four factors that go into child’s reading choice; making reading the most attractive choice; questions to ask when choosing books; reading self-concept and; reading virtuous cycle and
Reading motivation backsliding: changes in self-concept and; changing reading attitudes and; classroom features that prevent; keeping it simple summary on preventing; parental strategies for preventing
Reading practice: family reading rituals for; family reading time set aside for; to improve fluency; the indirect route to encouraging. See also Read-alouds
Reading proficiency: averages in different European countries; rules of thumb for American kindergarten. See also Reading instruction
Reading rewards: effects of financial transaction of; effects of praise vs.; Pizza Hut’s Book It! program; in practice; the science of
Reading science: on the role of knowledge in comprehension; on the role of sound in reading; understanding reading rewards
Reading self-concept. See Self-concept
Reading tests: “good reader” definition and implications for; studies on 98 percent familiarity with vocabulary by readers
Reading via spelling: fluency as dependent on ability for; learning skill of; as second type of decoding; self-teaching hypothesis on learning process of
Reading virtuous cycle: description and creation of the; self-concept added to
Recognition Test of Magazine Titles
Recorded-music daily word consumption
Relaxing/thinking leisure time
Reluctant older readers: appeal of Diary of a Wimpy Kid (Kinney) to; creating great reading classrooms for; encouraging them to engage in pleasure reading; keeping it simple summary on; parental strategies to encourage; providing rewards to encourage reading by
Research skills development
Roosevelt, Eleanor
Roosevelt, Franklin D.
S
Sandburg, C.
Sarah, Plain and Tall
Scheduling pleasure reading
School-based rewards: in practice; the science behind
Schools. See Classrooms
Scrabble Junior (board game)
The Scrambled States of America (board game)
Second-grade. See Kindergarten through second-grade classrooms
Self-concept: building reading self-image and; curriculum as an amplifier of; how parents can shape reading; increasingly abstract development of child’s; indirect influences on; link between ability to decode and; mother crab and child story (Aesop’s fable) on forming; reading virtuous cycle added to reader; sister’s first-grade artwork example of; Twitter bios as statements of. See also Children; Readers
Self-teaching hypothesis
Semantics (word meanings)
Sentences: building meaning across; causal connections between; comprehension by capturing big ideas from the; comprehension dependence on ability to assign syntactic roles to; connecting meaning in; punctuation of; relevant background knowledge to understand; visual representation of a. See also Text
Seymour, P.H.K.
Shakespeare, William
The Shallows (Carr)
Shared reading
Shared writing
Short, J.
Singing songs games
Situation model: background knowledge used to create the; Carol Harris/Helen Keller example of; description and purpose of; role of memory in creating a nonverbal
Social networking: diversity of activities related to; Facebook; resources for teen readers; teenager’s time spent; Twitter; Wattpad and Inkpop websites. See also Digital technologies; Teenagers
Social reading connections
Socializing leisure time
Speech sounds: child mirroring the type of talk they hear; helping your child hear; learning letter-to-sound mappings; learning to hear speech sounds of letters; mapping written visual symbols and auditory counterparts of; as one of the two reading pathways; testing ability to hear individual; visual representation of a sentence; written visual symbols that signify. See also Phonology (word sounds)
Spelling: fluency of word; learning how to read via; other reasons for importance of; two reading pathways to meaning and role of; why it matters to the process of reading
Spoonerisms game
Sports Illustrated Kids (magazine)
Sports playing time
Start now principle
Stone Soup (magazine)
Stories: birthday cake urban myth; structure and maps of; Wattpad and Inkpop websites to post original
“Suggestions for Further Reading”
Summarization
Synonym game
Syntac: meaning determined by; syntactic sentence roles
T
A Tale of Two Cities
Teachers: danger of praising performance; focusing on learning instead of failure; getting help to encourage your child’s reading from; impact on reading attitudes by; importance of providing students with feedback; modeling of prosody by; monitoring child’s reading comprehension by; noticing failed comprehension of complex texts; posing questions about text for student comprehension; promoting classroom pleasure reading
Teenagers: avoid pressuring them to read; how parents unconsciously encourage reading by; keeping it simple summary to encourage pleasure reading by; limited number of activities on computers by; make it easy for them to access books; reading and social connections of; reluctant older readers among; shattering reading misconceptions held by; wishes versus reality in leisure time of. See also Children; Social networking
Television viewing: average daily word consumption from; effect on children by; how it affects reading rates; keeping screen time under control; wishes versus reality in teenagers’ leisure time. See also Media exposure
Tender Is the Night (Fitzgerald)
Text: letter-to-sound mappings in; punctuation of; reading complex. See also Sentences
TheOnion.com
Third-grade classrooms: developing fluency focus in; time spent in classrooms on different subjects; working with more complex texts in. See also Classrooms; Kindergarten through second-grade classrooms
Thrasher, C.
Time for Kids (magazine)
Toddlers: developing reader self-concept in; getting them to read; learning letter-to-sound mappings; read-alouds tips for; when to begin reading instruction to. See also Children
Tree octopus screenshot (Northwest Tree Octopus website)
The True Way to Learning Any Language Dead or Alive (Adam)
20th Century Time Travel (card game)
Twitter: description of; Twitter bios as statements of self-concept
U
University of California, San Diego
University of Connecticut
Utilitarian reading perspective
V
Valigursky, S.
Van Vechten, C.
Verbal skill experiment
Video games: keeping screen time under control; wishes versus reality in teenagers’ leisure time spent on
Visual symbols: alphabet letters as; learning letter-to-sound mappings of letter
Vocabulary: comprehension dependence on; developmentally appropriate; picture books read out loud for building; relationship between comprehension and; research on infants’ brain response to meaningful word; strategies for building; studies on readers’ tolerance of unfamiliar
Vocabulary games
W
War and Remembrance (Wouk)
Wattpad website
Western narrative genre
Whole-word reading instruction: examining the theories of phonics and; how it impacts reading motivation and attitudes; origins and description of; substantial disadvantage compared to phonics
Williams, M.
Willingham, D.
“Window” (Sandburg)
Winds of War (Wouk)
Winfrey, Oprah
Winnie-the-Pooh
Wolf, M.
Word games: alliteration; Apples and Bananas; classic nursery rhymes; compound words; month and name; The Name Game; singing songs games; spoonerisms
“Word graveyard” poster
Wordplay: description and benefits of; word game examples to use as
World globes
World War II
Wouk, H.
Wright, R.
Writing: example of the practical value of; interactive; modeled; practical literacy activities to do with your child; shared
Written visual symbols: description and recognition of; mapping between auditory sounds of