Contents

List of Notes

1 Introduction

1.1 Formatting

1.2 Graphic style

1.3 Version info

1.4 Online resources

1.5 Cheat sheet

2 The first steps

2.1 The graphical user interface (GUI)

2.2 Opening stata files

2.3 Importing non-Stata file formats

2.4 Entering data manually

2.5 Using preinstalled data

2.6 Saving and exporting data

2.7 The basic workflow

2.8 Do-files

2.9 Delimit and line breaks*

3 Cleaning and preparing data

3.1 Getting to know your data

3.2 Variable names and labels

3.3 Labeling values

3.4 IDs and unique identifiers

3.5 Missing values

3.6 Creating new variables

3.6.1 Special functions

3.7 The if qualifier

3.8 Changing and replacing variables

3.9 Removing observations and variables

3.10 Cleaning data systematically

3.11 Combining datasets*

3.11.1 Appending datasets

3.11.2 One-to-One Merge

3.11.3 Many-to-One Merge

3.11.4 One-to-Many Merge

3.11.5 All pairwise combinations

3.12 Reshaping data*

4 Describing data

4.1 Summarizing information

4.2 Using stored results*

4.3 Histograms

4.4 Boxplots

4.5 Simple bar charts

4.6 Scatterplots

4.7 Frequency tables

4.8 Summarizing information by categories

4.9 Editing and exporting graphs

4.9.1 Combining graphs

4.10 Correlations

4.11 Testing for normality

4.12 t-test for groups*

4.13 Weighting*

5 Introduction to causal analysis

5.1 Correlation and causation

5.2 Causal graphs

5.3 Estimating causal effects

5.4 What does “controlling” actually mean?*

6 Regression analysis

6.1 Research question

6.2 What is a regression?

6.3 Binary independent variable

6.4 Ordinal independent variable

6.5 Metric independent variable

6.6 Interaction effects*

6.6.1 The classic way

6.6.2 Marginal effects

6.6.3 Predicted values

6.6.4 Separate analyses by subgroups

6.7 Standardized regression coefficients*

7 Regression diagnostics

7.1 Exogeneity

7.2 Random sampling

7.3 Linearity in parameters

7.3.1 Solutions

7.4 Multicollinearity

7.4.1 Solutions

7.5 Heteroscedasticity

7.5.1 Solutions

7.6 Influential observations

7.6.1 Dfbetas

7.6.2 Cook’s distance

7.7 Summary

8 Logistic regression*

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Control variables

8.3 Nested Models

8.4 Diagnostics

8.4.1 Model misspecification

8.4.2 Sample size and empty cells

8.4.3 Multicollinearity

8.4.4 Influential observations

9 Matching

9.1 Simulating an experiment

9.2 Propensity score matching

9.3 Matching diagnostics

9.3.1 Common support

9.3.2 Balancing of covariates

10 Reporting results

10.1 Tables

10.2 Graphs

11 Writing a seminar paper

11.1 The basic structure

11.2 Master do-files

12 The next steps

12.1 Online sources and manuals

12.2 Books

References

Copyright

Index

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