All of this leads us to geometric networks. Geometric networks are linear networks of objects that can be used to represent interconnected features and perform spatial analysis on them. Geometric networks are composed of edges that are connected at junction points. This is extremely similar to graph theory, which is heavily used in mathematics and computer science:

As we can see from the screenshot, networks can have weight and flow assigned to the edges, which are used to represent various connected features more accurately. The general use case for geometric networks is to model road networks and public utilities such as electric and water networks. They are also used to plan for transportation networks, infrastructure modeling, and hydrological modeling.