There is no marketplace or vendor from which to purchase a complete IIoT system. IIoT systems are assembled or composed of many components supplied by many vendors. To successfully integrate components into large systems, components must have the following characteristics:

• Integrability: This is the ability to communicate with each other using compatible signalling and protocols
• Interoperability: This is the ability to exchange information with each other based on this interpretation of semantic context and common conceptual models
• Composability: This is the ability to interact with any other component, be re-combined to form new behaviors, and interpret the intention of the received messages