The transformation of a 3D object takes place within three distinct coordinate systems or spaces. Coordinates in world space are defined relative to the scene, coordinates in parent space are defined relative to a 3D object's parent container, while coordinates in local space are defined relative to an individual 3D object.

Away3D includes over a dozen functions and properties that can be used to modify the position, rotation, and scale of 3D objects. Each of these functions transforms a 3D object within one of the three coordinate systems.

Tweening can be used to modify the properties of an object over time, and we saw an example of how the TweenLite library can be used to transform a 3D object without having to manually transform it every frame using the onEnterFrame() function.

Finally, we saw how nesting can be used to transform a group of 3D objects simultaneously by placing them in a container, like the ObjectContainer3D class, and then transforming the container.