Index

Numbers and Special Characters

2D transformations, 334–345

combining of, 343–345

and matrices, 335–336

rotating, 341–342

scaling, 342

using translation, 336–341

world space vs. model space, 334–335

3D in OpenGL ES, 495–531

blending, 507–510

camera system for, 527–530

matrices, 517–530

hierarchical systems with, 520–526

matrix stack, 518–520

perspective projection, 502–504

triangle meshes, 511–517

vertices in, 496–501

z-buffer, 505–507, 510–511

z-fighting, 510–511

3D programming, 533–585

cameras, 561–572

Euler, 562–570

look-at, 571–572

collision detection and object representation in, 581–584

bounding shapes in 3D programming, 581–583

GameObject3D and DynamicGameObject3D classes, 583–584

introduction to, 533–534

lighting in OpenGL ES API, 538–556

description of, 538–540

enabling and disabling, 543

example of, 552–556

limitations of, 556

materials, 541, 547–548

sources of, 540–547

vertex normals, 542–552

loading models, 573–580

limitations of, 579–580

OBJ loader, 574–579

Wavefront OBJ format, 573–574

mipmapping, 557–561

physics in, 580–581

vectors, 534–538

A

accelerometer state, reading, 146–151

AccelerometerHandler handler, AndroidInput implementation and, 202–204

accelHandler.getAccelX( ) method, 220

accelHandler.getAccelY( ) method, 220

accelHandler.getAccelZ( ) method, 220

action games, and arcade games, 58–61

active matrices, and matrix modes, 298

activities

AndroidBasicsStarter, 121–123

life cycle of, 125–132

in practice, 129–132

in theory, 125–128

starting programmatically, 123–124

test, 124–125

Activity class, 121, 124, 128, 152, 235–236, 292

<activity> element, 111–113

activity.getAssets( ) method, 198

Activity.isFinishing( ) method, 130

Activity.onCreate( ) method, 37, 126, 159, 167

Activity.onStart( ) method, 126

Activity.onStop( ) method, 126

ADB (Android Debug Bridge) tool, 50–51

ADB command, 51

add( ) method, 363, 365, 536

addScore( ) method, 245

ADT (Android Development Tools) plug-in, 28–30

advance( ) method, 264

alpha blending, in OpenGL ES, 329–333

alpha compositing, and blending, 91–94

ambient light, 543–544

AmbientLight( ) method, 553, 628

Android 1.5, optimizing OpenGL ES, 347

Android Debug Bridge (ADB) tool, 50–51

Android Development Tools (ADT) plug-in, 28–30

Android Market, 4–5

Android Market website, putting game on, 642–645

marketing, 645

Product Details section, 644

Publish button, 645

Publishing Options panel, 644–645

uploading assets, 643–644

Android Open Source Project, 4

Android Package Kit (APK) files, 38, 41, 79, 635, 637–641, 650

Android SDK, 25–52

applications, 39–51

ADB tool, 50–51

AVDs, 39–40

connecting device, 39

debugging, 44–47

LogCat system and DDMS, 48–50

running, 41–44

Hello World project, 33–38

structure of, 34–36

writing application code, 36–38

IDE, 25–33

Eclipse platform, 28–33

JDK, 26

Android Virtual Devices (AVDs), 39–40

AndroidAudio interface, and AndroidSound and AndroidMusic interfaces, 197–202

AndroidAudio.newMusic( ) method, 199

AndroidAudio.newSound( ) method, 198

AndroidBasicsStarter activity, 121–123, 126

AndroidBasicsStarter class, 122–123, 125, 129

AndroidFastRenderView class, 231–234

AndroidFileIO class, 196–197

AndroidFileIO.getAssets( ) method, 235, 293

AndroidGame class, 100, 234–238, 290–293

AndroidGame parameter, 232

AndroidGame.setScreen( ) method, 238

AndroidGraphics interface, and AndroidPixmap interface, 221–234

AndroidFastRenderView class, 231–234

handling different screen sizes and resolutions, 221–226

AndroidGraphics.getAssets( ) method, 235

AndroidInput class, 212, 236, 293

AndroidInput implementation, 202–204, 219–221

AndroidManifest.xml file, 44, 109, 117

AndroidMusic class, 199–200, 202

AndroidMusic interface, and AndroidAudio and AndroidSound interfaces, 197–202

AndroidPixmap interface, AndroidGraphics interface and, 221–234

AndroidFastRenderView class, 231–234

handling different screen sizes and resolutions, 221–226

AndroidSound class, 199

AndroidSound interface, and AndroidAudio and AndroidMusic interfaces, 197–202

angle( ) method, 365, 368, 538

animating, sprites, 427–433

Animation class, 428–429

example of, 429–433

Animation class, 428

AnimationScreen class, 430

AnimationTest class, 430

API class, 365

APIs (Application Programming Interfaces), 121–192

activity life cycle, 125–132

in practice, 129–132

in theory, 125–128

file handling, 152–158

accessing external storage, 154–157

reading asset files, 152–154

shared preferences, 158

input device handling, 132–151

multitouch events, 132–136, 143

processing key events, 143–146

reading accelerometer state, 146–151

reading compass state, 151

single-touch events, 132–136

playing sound effects, 159–162

programming

audio, 158–159

graphics, 167–192

streaming music, 163–166

test project, 121–125

APK (Android Package Kit) files, 38, 41, 79, 635, 637–641, 650

application and window management modules, 74

<application> element, 110–111

application framework, 9–10

Application Programming Interfaces. See APIs

applications, 39–51

ADB, 50–51

AVDs, 39–40

connecting device, 39

debugging, 44–47

LogCat system and DDMS, 48–50

manifest file, 108–121

<activity> element, 111–113

<application> element, 110–111

<manifest> element, 109

<uses-feature> element, 114–116

<uses-permission> element, 113–114

<uses-sdk> element, 116

defining game icon, 119–121

market filters, 119

steps to set up game project, 117–118

running, 41–44

testing, 635–636

writing code for, Hello World project, 36–38

arcade games, action games and, 58–61

art style, for Super Jumper game, 436–437

art styles

and backstory, for Droid Invaders game, 589–590

stories and, 66–67

aspect ratios, 222–225

asset files, reading, 152–154

assetDescriptor.getLength( ) method, 200

assetDescriptor.getStartOffset( ) method, 200

AssetManager.openFd( ) method, 159, 198

assets

for Droid Invaders game, 593–596

sound and music, 596

UI assets, 593–596

fetching from disk with LoadingScreen class, 246

for Mr. Nom game, 239–241

store for, 242–243

in Super Jumper game, 441–449

game elements, 445–447

sounds, 448–449

text with bitmap fonts, 443–445

texture atlas, 447

UI elements, 441–442

uploading, 643–644

Assets class

for Droid Invaders game, 597–599

in Super Jumper game, 450–452

Assets.invaderModel.bind( ) method, 629–630

Assets.invaderModel.getNumVertices( ) method, 630

Assets.invaderModel.unbind( ) method, 630

Assets.invaderTexture.bind( ) method, 629–630

Assets.load( ) method, 455

Assets.music.pause( ) method, 459, 602, 606

Assets.music.play( ) method, 459, 606

Assets.playSound( ) method, 460, 473

Assets.reload( ) method, 455, 602

Assets.shieldModel.bind( ) method, 630

Assets.shieldModel.getNumVertices( ) method, 630

Assets.shieldModel.unbind( ) method, 630

Assets.shipModel.bind( ) method, 629

Assets.shipModel.getNumVertices( ) method, 629

Assets.shipModel.unbind( ) method, 629

Assets.shipTexture.bind( ) method, 629

Assets.shotModel.bind( ) method, 630

Assets.shotModel.getNumVertices( ) method, 631

Assets.shotModel.unbind( ) method, 631

audio, 79–83, 158–159

physics of sound, 80

playing sound effects, 159–162

in practice, 82–83

quality and compression, 81–82

recording and playback, 80–81

setting volume controls, 158–159

streaming music, 163–166

Audio interface, 82

Audio( ) method, 98

Audio.newMusic( ) method, 82

Audio.newSound( ) method, 83

AVDs (Android Virtual Devices), 39–40

awesomePic.dispose( ) method, 102

awesomePic.getHeight( ) method, 102

awesomePic.getWidth( ) method, 102

B

background.reload( ) method, 452, 599

backstories, and art style, 589–590

ballVertices.bind( ) method, 377, 404, 414

ballVertices.unbind( ) method, 377, 404, 414

batcher.beginBatch( ) method, 424

batcher.drawSprite( ) method, 419

batcher.endBatch( ) method, 419, 424, 432, 460, 465, 490, 604, 607, 625, 631

beginBatch( ) method, 421

benchmarking, Super Jumper game, 492–493

best practices, 192

bind( ) method, 322, 354, 497–498, 550–551, 560

Bitmap class, 178

bitmap fonts, text with, 443–445

Bitmap.Config file, 182

Bitmap.drawBitmap( ) method, 224

BitmapFactory.decodeStream, 315, 318–319

BitmapFactory.Options class, 179, 321

BitmapFactory.Options( ) method, 179, 181

bitmap.getConfig( ) method, 178, 229, 560

bitmap.getHeight( ) method, 178, 227, 559–560

bitmap.getWidth( ) method, 178, 227, 559–560

Bitmap.recycle( ) method, 179, 183, 227, 317–319, 559–560

bitmaps, 178–183

demonstration of, 180–183

disposing of, 179

drawing, 179–180

loading and examining, 178–179

for texture mapping, 315–316

BitmapTest activity, 180

blending

3D in OpenGL ES, 507–510

alpha compositing and, 91–94

Bob class, in Super Jumper game, 471–473

Bob( ) method, 337–339

bob.hitPlatform( ) method, 477, 479

bob.hitSpring( ) method, 480

bob.hitSquirrel( ) method, 479

bobModel.bind( ) method, 355

bobModel.unbind( ) method, 355

BobScreen class, 339, 346

BobScreen.present( ) method, 344, 346

BobScreen.resume( ) method, 349

BobTest method, 425

bobTexture.bind( ) method, 340, 349–350

bobTexture.reload( ) method, 350

Bob.update( ) method, 477

Boolean.parseBoolean, 244, 453–454, 600

bottomText.length( ) method, 488

bounding shapes

in 3D programming, 581

bounding sphere overlap testing, 582–583

for collision detection, 379–383

bounds.width( ) method, 185

broad phase, collision detection, 390–391

buffer.asFloatBuffer( ) method, 302, 327

buffer.asIntBuffer( ) method, 426, 497, 550

buffer.asShortBuffer( ) method, 327, 497, 550

buffering, double, vsync and, 86–87

buffer.order, 302, 327, 497, 550

builder.appendevent.getKeyCode( ) method, 145

builder.appendevent.getX( ) method, 134

builder.appendevent.getY( ) method, 134

builder.toString( ) method, 134, 145

ByteArrayOutputStream( ) method, 153

ByteBuffer.allocateDirect( ) method, 309

byteBuffer.asFloatBuffer( ) method, 303, 306, 309, 311, 314, 319, 324

byteBuffer.asShortBuffer( ) method, 323, 325

byteBuffer.orderByteOrder.nativeOrder( ) method, 303, 306, 309, 311, 314, 319, 323–325

ByteOrder.nativeOrder( ) method, 302, 327, 497, 550

C

calculateInputAcceleration( ) method, 623–624

calledglOrthof( ) method, 301

camera.getDirection( ) method, 567

camera.getLookAt( ) method, 628

camera.getPosition( ) method, 567, 628

cameras, 561–572

in 2D, 404–410

in 3D, 527–530

Euler, 562–570

look-at, 571–572

camera.setViewportAndMatrices( ) method, 409, 414, 424, 432

cam.setViewportAndMatrices( ) method, 489

Cannon class, 392, 400, 402, 413

CannonTest class, 368

cannonVertices.bind( ) method, 377, 404, 414

cannonVertices.draw( ) method, 414

cannonVertices.unbind( ) method, 377, 404, 414

Canvas class, 170, 172–173, 179, 225, 558, 560

canvas, hardware-accelerated rendering with, 191–192

Canvas method, 174, 183

Canvas.drawBitmap( ) method, 225, 230, 233

canvas.drawCirclecanvas.getWidth( ) method, 176

Canvas.drawLine( ) method, 230

Canvas.drawPoint( ) method, 230

Canvas.drawRect( ) method, 230

Canvas.drawRGB( ) method, 229

Canvas.getClipBounds( ) method, 233

canvas.getHeight( ) method, 172, 176

canvas.getWidth( ) method, 172, 176, 185–186

Castle class, in Super Jumper game, 468

Caveman class, 430

Caveman.update( ) method, 431

challenges, device seeding program, 5–6

checkBitten( ) method, 265, 269

checkCastleCollisions( ) method, 478, 480

checkCollisions( ) method, 477–478

checkGameOver( ) method, 477, 481

checkInvaderCollisions( ) method, 616–617

checkItemCollisions( ) method, 478, 480

checkPlatformCollisions( ) method, 478–479

checkShotCollisions( ) method, 616, 618–619

checkSquirrelCollisions( ) method, 478–480

children.size( ) method, 523

Circle class, 385, 582

circles

collision of, 385–386

drawing, 175

Class.forName( ) method, 124

cleanupResources( ) method, 98

clear( ) method, 229, 303

clearDynamicCells( ) method, 398

Coin class, in Super Jumper game, 467–468

coin( ) method, 473, 483

coins.size( ) method, 478, 480

colliders.size( ) method, 402

collision detection, 378–404

bounding shapes for, 379–383

broad phase, 390–391

example of, 391–404

narrow phase, 385–390

circle and rectangle collision, 387–389

circle collision, 385–386

rectangle collision, 386–387

and object representation in 3D programming, 581–584

bounding shapes, 581–583

GameObject3D and DynamicGameObject3D classes, 583–584

in Super Jumper game, 478–480

CollisionScreen class, 409

CollisionTest class, 402

CollisionTest file, 409

Color class, 174

colors

description of, 87

encoding digitally, 89–90

models of, 87–88

specifying for vertices, 309–312

combining, of 2D transformations, 343–345

compass state, reading, 151

CompassHandler handler, 204–221

AndroidInput implementation, 219–221

KeyboardHandler handler, 207–211

Pool class, 205–207

touch handlers, 211–219

MultiTouchHandler class, 215–219

SingleTouchHandler class, 212–215

TouchHandler interface, 212

compatibility, across all devices, 19–20

compositing alpha, and blending, 91–94

compression

audio quality and, 81–82

image formats and, 90–91

Config class, 229

connectivity, permanent, 21–22

Context interface, 124, 147, 152, 159

Context parameter, 219

context.getAssets( ) method, 152, 181, 196

Context.getExternalFilesDir( ) method, 245

continuous rendering, with SurfaceView class, 186–192

checking surface validity, 187–188

demonstration of, 188–191

reason for using, 187

SurfaceHolder class and locking, 187

controllers, for games, 18–19

coordinate systems, screen resolution and, 172–173

cpy( ) method, 364, 535–536

crateTexture.bind( ) method, 568

crateTexture.reload( ) method, 567

createCube( ) method, 515–516, 524, 553–554, 566–567, 579

createMipmaps( ) method, 559–560

createObject( ) method, 206–207, 209, 213, 216

createWindowAndUIComponent( ) method, 98

cube.bind( ) method, 516, 525, 555, 568

CubeScreen class, 515

CubeTest class, 515

cube.unbind( ) method, 516, 526, 555, 569

currentTime( ) method, 98

D

Dalvik Debugging Monitor Server (DDMS), LogCat system and, 48–50

Dalvik VM, runtime and, 7–8

DDMS (Dalvik Debugging Monitor Server), LogCat system and, 48–50

debugging

ADB tool, 50–51

applications, 44–47

decodeStream, 315, 318–319

density, 222

descriptor.getLength( ) method, 163, 165

descriptor.getStartOffset( ) method, 163, 165

developer community, 11–12

developer console, 645–646

device seeding program, challenges, 5–6

devices, 12–19

AVDs, 39–40

compatibility across all, 19–20

connecting, 39

cutting-edge, 16–17

hardware specifications, 12–13

next generation of, 17–18

range of, 14–19

cutting-edge devices, 16–17

game controllers, 18–19

minimum target, 14–16

next generation of devices, 17–18

ubiquity of mobile, 20–21

direct NIO buffers, 302–303

directional lights, 546–547

DirectionalLight( ) method, 553, 628

disable( ) method, 546

dispose( ) method, 96, 200, 247, 251, 257, 322, 432, 488, 561, 626

dist( ) method, 386, 389, 538

distSquared( ) method, 386, 389, 538

double-buffering, vsync and, 86–87

draw( ) method, 328, 551

drawGameOverUI( ) method, 274, 276

drawLine( ) method, 230

drawPausedUI( ) method, 274–276

drawPixel( ) method, 230

drawPixmap( ) method, 228, 230–231

drawReadUI( ) method, 276

drawReadyUI( ) method, 274–275

drawRect( ) method, 230

drawRunningUI( ) method, 274–276

drawText( ) method, 184, 186, 256, 276, 457

drawWorld( ) method, 275

Droid Invaders game, 587–633

assets, 593–596

sound and music, 596

UI, 593–594

Assets class, 597–599

backstory and art style, 589–590

coding, 596–597

core game mechanics, 587–589

defining world of, 591–593

GameScreen class, 620–626

main activity, 601–602

main menu screen, 602–604

optimizations, 632–633

screens and transitions, 590

Settings class, 600–601

settings screen, 604–607

simulation classes, 607–619

Invader, 611–614

Shield, 608

Ship, 609–611

Shot, 608–609

World, 614–619

WorldRender class, 626–631

DroidInvaders activity, 604

DroidInvaders class, 599

dynamicCells[cellId].size( ) method, 398

dynamicCells[i].clear( ) method, 397

DynamicGameObject class, 392, 433, 583

DynamicGameObject3D class, GameObject3D class and, 583–584

E

eat( ) method, 264

Eclipse platform

description of, 30–32

installing

ADT plug-in, 28–30

overview, 28

shortcuts for, 32–33

editor.commit( ) method, 158

e.getMessage( ) method, 156, 161, 165

enable( ) method, 546, 548, 555

endBatch( ) method, 421

engines, frameworks and, 648–650

Environment class, 155

Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory( ) method, 155–156, 196

Environment.getExternalStorageState( ) method, 155–156

e.printStackTrace( ) method, 122, 201

ES method, 290, 306, 347, 352, 426, 529

EulerCamera class, 562, 565–566

EulerCamera.getDirection( ) method, 566

EulerCamera.rotate( ) method, 568

event logging, LogCat system, 48–50

event.getAction( ) method, 134, 137–138, 140–141, 144, 161, 209, 214, 216

event.getPointerCount( ) method, 140, 216

event.getUnicodeChar( ) method, 145, 209

events.size( ) method, 603, 606, 622–624

explosion( ) method, 614, 621

explosionTexture.reload( ) method, 599

external storage, accessing, 154–157

externalDir.getAbsolutePath( ) method, 156

F

factory.createObject( ) method, 206

fans, in OpenGL ES, 333–334

FastMath class, 365

FastMath.cos( ) method, 366, 376

FastMath.sin( ) method, 366, 376

FastRenderView class, 190, 231

FastRenderView.pause( ) method, 189–190, 233

FastRenderView.resume( ) method, 189–190, 232

file handling, 152–158

accessing external storage, 154–157

reading asset files, 152–154

shared preferences, 158

file I/O, 79

FileIO interface, 196–197

first-person camera, 562–570

FirstTriangleScreen class, 306

FirstTriangleTest class, 306

flip( ) method, 304

float lines.size( ) method, 575

FloatBuffer, working around bug in, 426–427

floatBuffer.clear( ) method, 303

floatBuffer.flip( ) method, 303

Font class, in Super Jumper game, 456–457

Font.drawText( ) method, 464–465

fonts

drawing text with, 183–184

loading, 183

force, and mass, 372–373

foundObjects.clear( ) method, 398

foundObjects.contains( ) method, 398

FPSCounter( ) method, 622

fpsCounter.logFrame( ) method, 349–350, 353, 355

FPSCounter.logFrame( ) method, 492

fpsCounter.logFrame( ) method, 625

fragmentation, 3–4

frame-independent movement, 103–104

frame rate, optimizing OpenGL ES, 345–347

frame rates, frame-independent movement, 103–104

frameBuffer.getHeight( ) method, 231

frameBuffer.getWidth( ) method, 231

framebuffers, pixels, rasters and, 84–85

frameworks, and engines, 648–650

free( ) method, 207

freeObjects.removefreeObjects.size( ) method, 206

full-screen view, 168–169

G

game controllers, 18–19

game framework, 195–238

AndroidAudio, AndroidSound, and AndroidMusic interfaces, 197–202

AndroidFileIO class, 196–197

AndroidGame class, 234–238

AndroidGraphics and AndroidPixmap interfaces, 221–234

AndroidFastRenderView class, 231–234

handling different screen sizes and resolutions, 221–226

AndroidInput implementation and AccelerometerHandler handler, 202–204

CompassHandler handler, 204–221

AndroidInput implementation, 219–221

KeyboardHandler handler, 207–211

Pool class, 205–207

touch handlers, 211–219

game icons, defining, 119–121

Game interface, 99–101, 197, 234–235, 237, 290, 358

game over state, in Super Jumper game, 481

game screen, in Super Jumper game, 481–489

rendering, 486–488

updating, 483–486

game world, of Super Jumper game, 438–441

game.getAudio( ) method, 246, 451–452, 599

Game.getCurrentScreen( ) method, 100

game.getCurrentScreen( ) method, 233

Game.getFileIO( ) method, 197, 315, 318–319, 575

game.getGLGraphics( ) method, 297, 306, 319, 324, 339, 368, 401, 431, 458, 577

game.getGraphics( ) method, 102, 243, 246, 248, 250, 254, 256, 274–276

game.getInput( ) method, 248, 252, 307, 375, 459, 484–485, 605, 622, 624

Game.getStartScreen( ) method, 100, 234, 306

GameObject class, 392, 466–467

GameObject3D class, and DynamicGameObject3D class, 583–584

GameObject(float)Math.random( ) method, 393, 401

gamers, casual and hardcore, 22

GameScreen class, 251, 270–277, 481, 492, 620–626, 632

GameScreen.present( ) method, 486

GameScreen.render( ) method, 492

Game.setScreen( ) method, 100–101, 249

GC activity, 621

generateInvaders( ) method, 615–616

generateLevel( ) method, 474–475

generateShields( ) method, 615–616

genres, 54–63

action and arcade games, 58–61

casual games, 54–56

innovative games, 62–63

puzzle games, 56–57

tower-defense games, 61

getAccelX( ) method, 77, 203, 220, 485

getAccelY( ) method, 77, 203, 220, 624

getAccelZ( ) method, 78, 203, 220

getAssets( ) method, 153, 161, 165

getAudio( ) method, 99, 237, 296

getCellIds( ) method, 397–398

getConfig( ) method, 181

getCurrentScreen( ) method, 100, 238, 296

getDeltaTime( ) method, 372–374, 580

getDirection( ) method, 564

getFileIO( ) method, 99, 237, 295

getFormat( ) method, 96, 227

getGL( ) method, 291

getGLGraphics( ) method, 295, 297, 311, 319, 330, 339, 375, 401, 431, 458

getGraphics( ) method, 99, 237, 295

getHeight( ) method, 95–96, 172, 227, 231, 235, 291

getHolder( ) method, 188, 232

getIndex( ) method, 577–578

getInput( ) method, 99, 237, 295

getKeyEvents( ) method, 78, 205, 211, 248, 256, 307, 369, 402, 462, 464

getKeyFrame( ) method, 429

getLookAt( ) method, 572

getNumIndices( ) method, 579

getNumVertices( ) method, 579

getOrientation( ) method, 150

getPitch( ) method, 205, 563

getPosition( ) method, 563, 572

getPotentialColliders( ) method, 396, 398

getPreferences( ) method, 197

getResources( ) method, 235–236

getRoll( ) method, 205

getRotation( ) method, 150

getStartScreen( ) method, 100, 234–235, 238, 242, 296, 339, 455, 552, 602

getTouchEvents( ) method, 205, 215, 219, 248, 307, 402, 462, 486, 622, 624

getTouchX( ) method, 215, 218, 367

getTouchY( ) method, 215, 367

getUp( ) method, 572

getWidth( ) method, 95–96, 172, 227, 231, 235, 291

getWindow( ) method, 168, 171, 176, 181, 185, 188, 235, 289, 292

getWindowManager( ) method, 235

getYaw( ) method, 205, 563

g.getHeight( ) method, 249, 274

g.getWidth( ) method, 274

glBindTexture( ) method, 315–316

glBlendFunc( ) method, 329–330

glClear( ) method, 290, 308, 506

glClearColor( ) method, 290, 349

glClearColor.nextFloat( ) method, 289, 297

glColorPointer( ) method, 310–312, 314, 347, 549

glDisableClientState( ) method, 318, 328

glDrawArrays( ) method, 305, 308, 320, 324, 328, 333, 348, 356

glDrawElements( ) method, 310, 328, 333, 347–348, 356

glEnable( ) method, 318, 320, 349, 505, 514, 632

glEnableClientState( ) method, 304, 308–309, 314, 318, 324, 353, 355

glFrustumf( ) method, 503

GLGame class, 290–297, 306–309, 409, 601

GLGame interface, 626

glGame.getFileIO( ) method, 321, 558

GLGame.getGLGraphics( ) method, 296, 307

glGame.getGLGraphics( ) method, 321, 558

GLGame.getInput( ) method, 367

glGenTextures( ) method, 317

GLGraphics method, 296

glGraphics.getGL( ) method, 297, 328, 340, 376, 408, 424, 604, 624, 626, 628

glGraphics.getHeight( ) method, 301, 307, 500, 504, 508, 516, 525, 554–555, 566

glGraphics.getWidth( ) method, 349, 369, 402, 408, 504, 508, 525, 566, 568, 628

glIdentityf( ) method, 537

glLightModelfv( ) method, 543

glLoadIdentity( ) method, 338, 344, 350, 353, 369, 506, 516, 519, 555, 572

glMaterialfv( ) method, 548

glMatrixMode( ) method, 353, 519

glNormalPointer( ) method, 549, 551

glOrtho( ) method, 504

glOrthof( ) method, 299–300, 334, 336, 343, 404, 406, 409, 433, 503

glPopMatrix( ) method, 519–520, 522–523, 569, 629–631

glPushMatrix( ) method, 519–520, 522–523, 569, 629–631

glRotatef( ) method, 341–342, 349, 352, 369, 515, 520, 534, 537, 555

glScalef( ) method, 341–343, 349, 352, 556

GLScreen, in Super Jumper game, 457–458

GLScreen.update( ) method, 484

GLSurfaceView class, 287–290

GLSurfaceView method, 289

GLSurfaceView.onPause( ) method, 288

GLSurfaceView.onResume( ) method, 288

GLSurfaceView.Renderer interface, 292

glTexCoordPointer( ) method, 314

glTexEnv( ) method, 330

glTexParameterf( ) method, 316

glTranslate( ) method, 426

glTranslatef( ) method, 336, 338, 343, 356, 377, 517, 520, 526, 537, 631

GLU.glLookAt( ) method, 529

GLU.gluPerspective( ) method, 504, 529

gluLookAt( ) method, 529, 552, 555, 572

gluPerspective( ) method, 503, 555, 562, 564

GLUtils class, 316

glVertexPointer( ) method, 304–305, 308, 310–311, 314, 324, 347, 498, 549

glView.getHeight( ) method, 291

glView.getWidth( ) method, 291

glView.onPause( ) method, 289, 295

glView.onResume( ) method, 289, 293

glViewport( ) method, 349

glViewportf( ) method, 406

glXXXPointer( ) method, 347, 353, 355

Google

I/O conference, 5–6

role of, 4–6

Android Market, 4–5

Android Open Source Project, 4

challenges, device seeding program, 5–6

graphics, 84–97, 167–192

alpha compositing and blending, 91–94

bitmaps, 178–183

demonstration of, 180–183

disposing of, 179

drawing, 179–180

loading and examining, 178–179

colors

description of, 87

encoding digitally, 89–90

models of, 87–88

continuous rendering in UI thread, 169–172

drawing shapes, 173–177

circles, 175

demonstration of, 175–177

lines, 174

pixels, 173–174

rectangles, 174–175

going full-screen, 168–169

image formats and compression, 90–91

in practice, 94–97

rasters, pixels, and framebuffers, 84–85

rendering

continuous, 186–191

hardware-accelerated with canvas, 191–192

text, 183–186

screen resolution and coordinate systems, 172–173

vsync and double-buffering, 86–87

wake locks, 167

Graphics interface, 95, 228, 290

Graphics( ) method, 98

Graphics.clear( ) method, 95–96, 250

Graphics.drawLine( ) method, 96

Graphics.drawPixel( ) method, 95–96

Graphics.drawPixmap( ) method, 96, 104, 241, 253

Graphics.drawRect( ) method, 96

Graphics.getHeight( ) method, 96, 367, 407

Graphics.getWidth( ) method, 96, 367, 407

Graphics.newPixmap( ) method, 95, 247

guiCamera.setViewportAndMatrices( ) method, 569

guiCam.setViewportAndMatrices( ) method, 460, 463, 465, 487, 604, 606, 624–626

guiCam.touchToWorld.touchPoint.set.game.getInput( ) method, 623

H

hardware-accelerated rendering, with canvas, 191–192

hardware, specifications for, 12–13

headPixmap.getHeight( ) method, 275

headPixmap.getWidth( ) method, 275

Hello World project, 33–38

structure of, 34–36

writing application code, 36–38

HelloWorldActivity class, 38, 45, 123

help screens, in Super Jumper game, 461–463

helpImage.dispose( ) method, 462

HelpScreen class, 251

HelpScreen classes, 251–252

hierarchical systems, with matrices, 520–526

HierarchicalObject class, 522–524

solar system example, 521

HierarchicalObject class, 524, 526

HierarchicalObject.render( ) method, 524

HierarchicalObject.update( ) method, 524

HierarchyScreen.present( ) method, 530

high scores, and user settings, 243–245

high-scores screen, 253–257, 463–466

highJump( ) method, 473, 483

HighscoreScreen class, 255

hit( ) method, 473, 483

hitPlatform( ) method, 472–473

hitSpring( ) method, 473

hitSquirrel( ) method, 472–473

holder.getSurface( ) method, 189, 232

holder.lockCanvas( ) method, 189, 233

I

I/O (Input/Output), file, 79

icons, defining for game, 119–121

IDEs (Integrated Development Environments), 25–33

Eclipse platform

description of, 30–32

installing, 28–30

shortcuts for, 32–33

JDK, 26

image formats, and compression, 90–91

inBounds( ) method, 249–250

in.close( ) method, 229, 244, 322, 453, 455, 559, 578, 601

indexed vertices, 323–329

indices.flip( ) method, 325

indices.limit( ) method, 579

INF file, 39

input devices, 132–151

multitouch events, 132, 136–143

processing key events, 143–146

reading accelerometer state, 146–151

reading compass state, 151

single-touch events, processing, 132–136

Input interface, 78, 202, 205, 207, 212, 219

Input( ) method, 98

input modules, 75–78

Input/Output (I/O), file, 79

Input.getAccelX( ) method, 78

Input.getAccelY( ) method, 78

Input.getAccelZ( ) method, 78

Input.getKeyEvents( ) method, 210

Input.getTouchEvents( ) method, 568

Input.getTouchX( ) method, 78

Input.getTouchY( ) method, 78

Input.isKeyPressed( ) method, 78, 210

Input.isTouchDown( ) method, 78

inputStream.close( ) method, 153, 181

in.readLine( ) method, 244, 453–454, 600

insertDynamicObject( ) method, 397

insertStaticObject( ) method, 397

Integer.parseInt.in.readLine( ) method, 244, 453–454

Integrated Development Environments. See IDEs

Intent class, 124

Invader class, 611–614

invader.kill( ) method, 618

invaders.size( ) method, 616–618, 629

invaderTexture.reload( ) method, 599

invalidate( ) method, 169–171, 176, 181, 185

isFinishing( ) method, 295

isGameOver( ) method, 619, 623

isKeyPressed( ) method, 210

isLooping( ) method, 83, 201

isPlaying( ) method, 83, 201

isStopped( ) method, 83, 201

isTouchDown( ) method, 215, 218

items.reload( ) method, 452, 599

J

JAR file, 35

Java class, 8, 33, 122, 124, 129

Java Development Kit (JDK), 26

Java method, 347

Java object, 315

JDK (Java Development Kit), 26

JNI method, 426–427

jump( ) method, 473, 483

K

key events, processing, 143–146

KeyboardHandler class, 208

KeyboardHandler handler, 207–211

KeyboardHandler.getKeyEvents( ) method, 209, 211, 215

KeyEvent class, 78, 143, 207–208, 213

KeyEvent( ) method, 209

KeyEvent type, 210

keyEventPool.newObject( ) method, 209

keyEventsBuffer.clear( ) method, 210

keyEvents.clear( ) method, 210

keyEvents.size( ) method, 210

keyHandler.getKeyEvents( ) method, 221

kill( ) method, 610–611, 614, 618

L

len( ) method, 365, 536–537

Level parameter, 41

libraries, system, 8–9

LifeCycleTest activity, 129, 131

lighting, in OpenGL ES API, 538–556

description of, 538–540

enabling and disabling, 543

example of, 552–556

limitations of, 556

materials, 541, 547–548

sources of, 540–547

vertex normals, 542–552

LightScreen class, 552

line.length( ) method, 254, 257, 276

lines

drawing, 174

in OpenGL ES, 333–334

lines.size( ) method, 576

Linux kernel, 7

ListActivity class, 122

ListAdapter interface, 122

listener.coin( ) method, 480

listener.explosion( ) method, 618

listener.highJump( ) method, 480

listener.hit( ) method, 479

listener.jump( ) method, 479

listener.shot( ) method, 616, 619

load( ) method, 159, 162, 244, 321–322, 558–560, 598, 601

LoadingScreen class

fetching assets from disk with, 246–247

fetching from disk with LoadingScreen class, 247

loadTextFile( ) method, 154

loadTexture( ) method, 320

location awareness, 647

locking

SurfaceHolder class and, 187

wake locks, 167

Log class, 129

LogCat system, and DDMS, 48–50

logFrame( ) method, 346

logging, LogCat system, 48–50

look-at camera, 571–572

M

main activity

for Droid Invaders game, 601–602

in Super Jumper game, 454–456

main menu screen, 247–251

for Droid Invaders game, 602–604

in Super Jumper game, 458–461

main( ) method, 108

MainMenu class, 238

MainMenu( ) method, 98

MainMenu.update( ) method, 238

manager.getSensorListSensor.TYPE_ACCELEROMETER.size( ) method, 147–148, 203

<manifest> element, 109

manifest file, 108–121

<activity> element, 111–113

<application> element, 110–111

<manifest> element, 109

<uses-feature> element, 114–116

<uses-permission> element, 113–114

<uses-sdk> element, 116

defining game icon, 119–121

market filters, 119

steps to set up game project, 117–118

market filters, 119

marketing, 645

mass, and force, 372–373

Material class, 548

Material( ) method, 553

materials, 541, 547–548

Math class, 365

Math.maxhighScores[i].length( ) method, 464

Math.random( ) method, 431

matrices

and 2D transformations, 335–336

in 3D, 517–530

hierarchical systems with, 520–526

matrix stack, 518–520

in OpenGL ES, 284–285

Matrix class, 534, 537, 562, 584

matrix modes, and active matrices, 298

Matrix.multiplyMV( ) method, 537

Matrix.rotateM( ) method, 537

Matrix.setIdentityM( ) method, 537

MediaPlayer class, 163

MediaPlayer( ) method, 163, 165, 200

mediaPlayer.isLooping( ) method, 201

mediaPlayer.isPlaying( ) method, 164, 200–201

mediaPlayer.pause( ) method, 163, 165–166, 201

mediaPlayer.prepare( ) method, 163, 165, 200–201

mediaPlayer.release( ) method, 164–165, 200

mediaPlayer.setDataSourceassetDescriptor.getFileDescriptor( ) method, 200

mediaPlayer.setDataSourcedescriptor.getFileDescriptor( ) method, 163, 165

mediaPlayer.start( ) method, 163–166, 200–201

mediaPlayer.stop( ) method, 164–165, 200, 202

methodFloat.floatToRawIntBits( ) method, 426

minimum target, 14–16

mipmapping, 557–561

mobile gaming, 20–23

big market with small developers, 22–23

casual and hardcore gamers, 22

permanent connectivity, 21–22

ubiquity of mobile devices, 20–21

model space, vs. world space, 334–335

Model-View-Controller design pattern. See MVC

models, 573–580

limitations of, 579–580

OBJ loader, implementing, 574–579

Wavefront OBJ format, 573–574

MotionEvent class, 136, 143

MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK event, 138

MotionEvent.getAction( ) method, 133, 137–138

MotionEvent.getPointerCount( ) method, 138, 141

MotionEvent.getY( ) method, 138

movement

frame-independent, 103–104

time-based, in Mr. Nom game, 265–266

Mr. Nom game, 239–277

abstracting, 257–277

GameScreen class, 270–277

MVC design pattern, 258–269

assets, 239–241

HelpScreen classes, 251–252

MrNomGame activity, 242–247

asset store, 242–243

keeping track of user settings and high scores, 243–245

LoadingScreen class, 246–247

screens

high-scores, 253–257

main menu, 247–251

setting up project, 241–242

MrNomGame activity, 242–247

asset store, 242–243

keeping track of user settings and high scores, 243–245

LoadingScreen class, fetching assets from disk with, 246–247

MrNomGame class, 242

MrNomGame.getStartScreen( ) method, 246

mul( ) method, 365, 536

multiplayer functionality, 648

multitouch events

overview, 132

processing, 136–143

MotionEvent.ACTION_MASK event, 138

pointer IDs and indices, 137–138

in practice, 139–143

MultiTouchHandler class, 215–219, 236

music

sound and, for Droid Invaders game, 596

streaming, 163–166

Music interface, 83, 200

music.play( ) method, 451–452, 599

MVC (Model-View-Controller) design pattern, 258–269

Snake and SnakePart classes, 260–265

Stain class, 260

World class, 265–269

ending game, 267

implementing, 267–269

placing stains, 266

time-based movement of Mr. Nom, 265–266

MyAwesomeGame class, 100

MySuperAwesomeGame class, 102–103

MySuperAwesomeGame.getStartScreen( ) method, 102

MySuperAwesomeStartScreen class, 102

MySuperAwesomeStartScreen( ) method, 102

MySuperAwesomeStartScreen.dispose( ) method, 103

MySuperAwesomeStartScreen.pause( ) method, 103

MySuperAwesomeStartScreen.present( ) method, 103

MySuperAwesomeStartScreen.resume( ) method, 103

MySuperAwesomeStartScreen.update( ) method, 103–104

N

narrow phase, collision detection, 385–390

circle and rectangle collision, 387–389

circle collision, 385–386

rectangle collision, 386–387

nativeOrder( ) method, 302, 327, 497, 550

newMusic( ) method, 198

newObject( ) method, 206–207

newPixmap( ) method, 229

newSound( ) method, 199

nor( ) method, 365, 536–537

normalized device space, 284

O

OBJ file, 574, 578–580, 584, 595

OBJ format, Wavefront, 573–574

OBJ loader, implementing, 574–579

Object( ) method, 292

object representation, and collision detection in 3D programming, 581–584

bounding shapes, 581–583

GameObject3D and DynamicGameObject3D classes, 583–584

ObjLoader.load( ) method, 579

OGG file, 159, 493

onAccuracyChanged( ) method, 149, 204

OnClickListener.onClick( ) method, 38

OnCompletionListener interface, 200–201

OnCompletionListener.onCompletion( ) method, 200, 202

onCreate( ) method, 37, 122, 126, 130, 145, 166, 172, 185, 236, 293

onDestroy( ) method, 127–128

onDraw( ) method, 169–171, 176, 182, 185

onDrawFrame( ) method, 288, 290, 294

onKey( ) method, 143, 145, 210–211, 214

OnKeyEventListener.onKeyEvent( ) method, 208

OnKeyListener interface, 145, 208

OnKeyListener.onKey( ) method, 209

onPause( ) method, 126, 128, 162, 166, 188, 236, 288, 293, 295, 602

onRestart( ) method, 126, 128

onResume( ) method, 126, 128, 130, 150, 166, 188, 190, 288, 293, 599

onSensorChanged( ) method, 147, 149, 204

onStop( ) method, 126–128

onSurfaceChanged( ) method, 287, 290, 294

onSurfaceCreate( ) method, 293, 455

onSurfaceCreated( ) method, 287–288, 290, 602

onTouch( ) method, 133–136, 141, 162, 214–215, 218

OnTouchListener interface, 132, 134, 136, 141, 161, 212–213

open-source programming, Android Open Source Project, 4

OpenGL ES, 279–356

2D transformations, 334–345

combining of, 343–345

and matrices, 335–336

rotating, 341–342

scaling, 342

using translation, 336–341

world space vs. model space, 334–335

3D in, 495–531

blending, 507–510

camera system for, 527–530

matrices, 517–530

perspective projection, 502–504

triangle meshes, 511–517

vertices in, 496–501

z-buffer, 505–507, 510–511

z-fighting, 510–511

alpha blending, 329–333

Android 1.5, 648

API, lighting in, 538–556

description of, 538–540

enabling and disabling, 543

example of, 552–556

limitations of, 556

materials, 541, 547–548

sources of, 540–547

vertex normals, 542–552

colors, specifying for vertices, 309–312

defining projection matrix, 298–301

matrix modes and active matrices, 298

orthographic projection with glOrthof, 299–300

defining viewport, 298

and direct NIO buffers, 302–303

fans, 333–334

GLGame class, 290–297, 306–309

GLSurfaceView class, 287–290

indexed vertices, 323–329

lines, 333–334

matrices, 284–285

normalized device space, 284

optimizing, 345–356

Android 1.5, 347

binding vertices, 352–355

frame rate, 345–347

possible rendering issues, 347–349

reducing calls, 352

reducing texture size, 351–352

removing unnecessary state changes, 349–351

overview, 279–282

points, 333–334

primitives, 333–334

projections, 282–284

rendering pipeline, 285–286

strips, 333–334

texture mapping, 313–322

bitmaps for, 315–316

disposing of textures, 317

enabling texturing, 318

Texture class, 321–322

texture coordinates, 313–315

texture filtering, 316–317

triangles with, 302–305

optimizing, OpenGL ES, 345–356

Android 1.5-347, 347

binding vertices, 352–355

frame rate, 345–347

possible rendering issues, 347–349

reducing calls, 352

reducing texture size, 351–352

removing unnecessary state changes, 349–351

Options( ) method, 228

orthographic projection, with glOrthof, 299–300

out.close( ) method, 245, 454–455, 601

overlap testing, bounding sphere, 582–583

overlapCircles( ) method, 386

OverlapTester class, 582

P, Q

Paint class, 174, 177, 184

Paint( ) method, 174, 176, 185, 228

parts.get.parts.size( ) method, 264

parts.size( ) method, 264–265

pause( ) method, 83, 101, 250, 257, 277, 307, 462, 488, 516, 626

paused( ) method, 277

perspective projection, 502–504

physics, 371–378

in 3D programming, 580–581

force and mass, 372–373

object falling example, 373–378

point masses, 371–372

pixels

drawing, 173–174

rasters, framebuffers and, 84–85

Pixmap interface, 96, 226–227

Pixmap parameter, 230

Pixmap.dispose( ) method, 97

Pixmap.getFormat( ) method, 96

Pixmap.getHeight( ) method, 96

Pixmap.getWidth( ) method, 96

placeStain( ) method, 268–269

Platform class, in Super Jumper game, 469–471

Platform int type, 470

platform.pulverize( ) method, 479

platforms.size( ) method, 477, 479

play( ) method, 83, 162, 199, 201

playback, recording and, 80–81

PNG file, 182

point lights, 544–546

point masses, 371–372

pointer IDs, and pointer indices, 137–138

pointer indices, 137–138

PointLight class, 547

PointLight( ) method, 553, 566

points, in OpenGL ES, 333–334

Pool class, 205–208

PoolObjectFactory.newObject( ) method, 206

PowerManager.FULL_WAKE_LOCK type, 167

PowerManager.newWakeLock( ) method, 167

precision, of z-buffer, 510–511

preferences, shared, 158

present( ) method, 233, 250, 320, 349, 403, 424, 517, 569, 620, 625

presentGameOver( ) method, 487–488, 624, 626

presentLevelEnd( ) method, 487–488

presentPaused( ) method, 487–488, 624–625

presentReady( ) method, 487

presentRunning( ) method, 487, 624–626

primitives, in OpenGL ES, 333–334

Product Details section, 644

programming

audio, 79–83, 158–159

audio quality and compression, 81–82

physics of sound, 80

in practice, 82–83

recording and playback, 80–81

setting volume controls, 158–159

core game mechanics, 64–66

file I/O, 79

game framework, 97–104

example of, 102–103

frame-independent movement, 103–104

game and screen interfaces, 99–101

graphics, 84–97, 167–192

alpha compositing and blending, 91–94

bitmaps, 178–183

colors, 87–90

continuous rendering in UI thread, 169–172

drawing shapes, 173–177

going full-screen, 168–169

image formats and compression, 90–91

in practice, 94–97

rasters, pixels, and framebuffers, 84–85

rendering, 183–186, 192

screen resolution and coordinate systems, 172–173

vsync and double-buffering, 86–87

wake locks, 167

modules

application and window management, 74

input, 75–78

projection matrix, defining in OpenGL ES, 298–301

matrix modes and active matrices, 298

orthographic projection with glOrthof, 299–300

projections, in OpenGL ES, 282–284

Publish button, 645

publishing, 635–646

becoming registered developer, 636–637

developer console, 645–646

putting game on Android Market website, 642–645

marketing, 645

Product Details section, 644

Publish button, 645

Publishing Options panel, 644–645

uploading assets, 643–644

signing APK file, 637–641

testing applications, 635–636

Publishing Options panel, 644–645

pulverize( ) method, 471

put( ) method, 303, 309

puzzle games, 56–57

R

rand.nextFloat( ) method, 289, 297, 337, 475, 479

Random class, 171, 267

Random( ) method, 171, 267, 289, 297, 337, 474, 615

Random.nextFloat( ) method, 476

rasters, pixels, 84–85

reader.close( ) method, 156

reader.readLine( ) method, 156, 578

readLines( ) method, 575, 578

recording, and playback, 80–81

Rect class, 180

Rect( ) method, 181, 185, 228, 232

Rectangle class, 583

rectangles

collision of, 386–387

drawing, 174–175

registered developers, becoming, 636–637

reload( ) method, 322, 452, 560, 599

removeObject( ) method, 397

render( ) method, 340, 487, 489–490, 523, 526, 607, 625, 628, 632

renderBackground( ) method, 489–490

renderBob( ) method, 490–491

renderCastle( ) method, 490, 492

renderer.render( ) method, 487

rendering

continuous

with SurfaceView class, 186–192

in UI thread, 169–172

hardware-accelerated, with canvas, 191–192

text, 183–186

alignment and boundaries of, 184

fonts, 183–184

putting it all together, 184–186

renderItems( ) method, 490–492

renderObjects( ) method, 489–490

renderPlatforms( ) method, 490–491

renderSquirrels( ) method, 490, 492

renderThread.join( ) method, 189, 233

renderThread.start( ) method, 189, 232

RenderView class, 171–172, 182, 189

renderView.pause( ) method, 188, 236

renderView.resume( ) method, 188, 236

RenderViewTest activity, 171

resolutions, screen sizes and, 221–226

resume( ) method, 101–102, 247, 251, 350, 354, 377, 465, 500, 626

rotate( ) method, 366, 422, 535, 537, 564

rotating, 2D transformations, 341–342

run( ) method, 189–190, 232–233

Runnable interface, 190

runtime, and Dalvik VM, 7–8

S

save( ) method, 245, 605

scaling, 2D transformations, 342

score.length( ) method, 274

scores, high, and user settings, 243–245

scoreString.length( ) method, 488

Screen class, 99–100, 246, 308

Screen interface, 238

screen interface, game interface and, 99–101

screen resolution, and coordinate systems, 172–173

screen sizes, and resolutions, 221–226

Screen.dispose( ) method, 101, 236, 294

Screen.pause( ) method, 101, 236, 294

Screen.present( ) method, 101, 231

Screen.render( ) method, 288

Screen.resume( ) method, 101, 236–237, 293, 296

screens

high-scores, 253–257

main menu, 247–251

in Super Jumper game, 437–438

game screen, 481–489

help screens, 461–463

high-scores screen, 463–466

main menu screen, 458–461

and transitions, 67–72, 590

Screen.update( ) method, 101, 231, 266

SDKs (software development kits), 10–11

SensorEventListener interface, 149, 203

SensorManager class, 151

SensorManager.getRotationMatrix( ) method, 151

setAngles( ) method, 563–564

setDirection( ) method, 547

setFilters( ) method, 322

setIndices( ) method, 327, 550

setLooping( ) method, 202

setMatrices( ) method, 564, 572, 629

setPosition( ) method, 547

setScreen( ) method, 237–238

Settings class

for Droid Invaders game, 600–601

in Super Jumper game, 453–454

settings screen, for Droid Invaders game, 604–607

Settings.loadgame.getFileIO( ) method, 246

Settings.loadgetFileIO( ) method, 602

Settings.load( ) method, 247

Settings.savegame.getFileIO( ) method, 250, 276, 460, 485, 606

setVertices( ) method, 327, 498, 500, 550

setViewportAndMatrices( ) method, 408–409

shapes, drawing, 173–177

circles, 175

demonstration of, 175–177

lines, 174

pixels, 173–174

rectangles, 174–175

shared preferences, 158

Shield class, 608

shields.size( ) method, 618, 630

Ship class, 609–611, 614

ship.kill( ) method, 617–618

shipTexture.reload( ) method, 599

shoot( ) method, 619

shortBuffer.flip( ) method, 323

Shot class, 608–609

shot( ) method, 614, 621

shots.size( ) method, 617–619, 631

SimpleRenderer( ) method, 289

simulation classes, 607–619

Invader, 611–614

Shield, 608

Ship, 609–611

Shot, 608–609

World, 614–619

single-touch events, processing, 132–136

SingleTouchHandler class, 212–215

SingleTouchHandler.getTouchEvents( ) method, 215, 219

SingleTouchHandler.onTouch( ) method, 218

Snake class, and SnakePart class, 260–265

Snake( ) method, 263, 268

snake.advance( ) method, 266, 268

snake.eat( ) method, 269

SnakePart class, Snake class and, 260–265

snake.parts.size( ) method, 268–269, 275

social media, integration with, 647

software development kits (SDKs), 10–11

solar system example, 521

sound

effects, playing, 159–162

and music, for Droid Invaders game, 596

physics of, 80

in Super Jumper game, 448–449

Sound interface, 82–83, 199

SoundPool class, 162, 166

SoundPool.load( ) method, 159–160, 162

SparseArray class, 192

SpatialHashGrid class, 400, 481

SpatialHashGrid.getCellIds( ) method, 396, 398

SpatialHashGrid.getPotentialColliders( ) method, 403

Sphere class, 582–583

Spring class, in Super Jumper game, 466–467

springs.size( ) method, 480

Sprite class, 418

SpriteBatcher class, 423, 428, 595

SpriteBatcher method, 425–426

SpriteBatcher.beginBatch( ) method, 419

SpriteBatcher.drawSprite( ) method, 418–419, 422, 446

SpriteBatcher.endBatch( ) method, 419

sprites

animating, 427–433

Animation class, 428–429

example of, 429–433

SpriteBatcher class, 418–427

measuring performance of, 425–426

using, 423–425

working around bug in FloatBuffer, 426–427

SQLite database, 154

Squirrel class, in Super Jumper game, 468–469

squirrels.size( ) method, 478–479

Squirrel.update( ) method, 471

Stain class, 260–261

stains, placing, 266

state changes, removing unnecessary, 349–351

stateChanged.notifyAll( ) method, 294

stateChanged.wait( ) method, 295

staticCells[cellId].size( ) method, 398

stop( ) method, 83, 164, 200, 202

storage, external, accessing, 154–157

stories, and art style, 66–67

String file, 79, 82, 196, 198, 319, 321, 454, 558, 575, 600

StringBuilder( ) method, 129, 133, 139, 144, 148, 156

String.byteStream.toByteArray( ) method, 153

strips, in OpenGL ES, 333–334

sub( ) method, 365, 536

sun.update( ) method, 530

Super Jumper game, 435–494

art style for, 436–437

Assets class, 450–452

assets in, 441–449

game elements, 445–447

sounds, 448–449

text with bitmap fonts, 443–445

texture atlas, 447

UI elements, 441–442

benchmarking, 492–493

Bob class, 471–473

Castle class, 468

Coin class, 467–468

Font class, 456–457

game screen, 481–489

rendering, 486–488

updating, 483–486

game world of, 438–441

GLScreen, 457–458

help screens, 461–463

high-scores screen, 463–466

main activity, 454–456

main menu screen, 458–461

overview, 435–436

Platform class, 469–471

screens in, 437–438

Settings class, 453–454

Spring class, 466–467

Squirrel class, 468–469

World class, 473–481

collision detection in, 478–480

game over state, 481

generating world, 475–476

updating world, 477–478

WorldRenderer class, 489–492

SuperJumper class, 462

SuperJumper.getStartScreen( ) method, 458

super.onPause( ) method, 130, 165, 188, 236, 289, 295, 602

super.onResume( ) method, 130, 165, 188, 236, 293

SurfaceHolder class, and locking, 187

surfaceHolder.getSurface( ) method, 187

SurfaceHolder.lockCanvas( ) method, 187–188

surfaces, checking validity of, 187–188

SurfaceView class, 186–192, 231, 287

checking surface validity, 187–188

demonstration of, 188–191

reason for using, 187

SurfaceHolder class and locking, 187

surfaceView.getHolder( ) method, 187

system libraries, 8–9

System.nanoTime( ) method, 232–233, 292–294, 346, 615, 619

T

targets.size( ) method, 403, 414, 424

targetVertices.bind( ) method, 403, 414

targetVertices.unbind( ) method, 403, 414

test activities, 124–125

text, 183–186

alignment and boundaries of, 184

with bitmap fonts, in Super Jumper game, 443–445

fonts

drawing text with, 183–184

loading, 183

putting it all together, 184–186

text.length( ) method, 185, 457

text.toString( ) method, 156

texture atlas

overview, 410–416

in Super Jumper game, 447

Texture class, 325, 329, 331, 558, 584

texture mapping, 313–322

bitmaps for, 315–316

disposing of textures, 317

enabling texturing, 318

optimizing, reducing size of, 351–352

Texture class, 321–322

texture coordinates, 313–315

texture filtering, 316–317

texture.bind( ) method, 325, 414, 421, 514, 516, 525, 555

TexturedTriangleScreen class, 318

TextureRegion class, 417–418

texture.reload( ) method, 349, 516, 553

textureRgba.bind( ) method, 331

textureRgb.bind( ) method, 331

textView.requestFocus( ) method, 144

textView.setTextbuilder.toString( ) method, 130, 139, 149

this.indices.clear( ) method, 327, 497, 550

this.indices.flip( ) method, 327, 497, 550

this.position.set(float)Math.random( ) method, 430

this.screen.dispose( ) method, 237, 296

this.screen.pause( ) method, 237, 296

this.velocity.set.Math.random( ) method, 430

this.vertices.clear( ) method, 327, 426, 497, 550

this.vertices.flip( ) method, 327, 426, 497, 550

time-based movement, in Mr. Nom game, 265–266

toFloatBuffer.put( ) method, 303

topText.length( ) method, 488

touch handlers, 211–219

MultiTouchHandler class, 215–219

SingleTouchHandler class, 212–215

TouchHandler interface, 212

TouchEvent class, 78, 212

TouchEvent( ) method, 207, 213, 216

touchEventPool.newObject( ) method, 207, 214, 216–217

touchEventsBuffer.clear( ) method, 215, 218–219

touchEvents.clear( ) method, 215, 218

touchEvents.size( ) method, 215, 218, 249, 256, 273, 369, 402, 462, 484, 486

TouchHandler interface, 212–213

touchHandler.getTouchEvents( ) method, 220

touchPos.len( ) method, 376, 402

touchPos.sub(cannonPos).angle( ) method, 369, 376

touchPos.sub(cannon.position).angle( ) method, 402

TouchTest activity, 168

TouchTest class, 168–169

touchToWorld( ) method, 409

tower-defense games, 61

transitions, screens and, 67–72, 590

triangle meshes, 3D in OpenGL ES, 511–517

triangles, with OpenGL ES, 302–305

trigonometry, for vectors, 361–362

turnLeft( ) method, 263–264

turnRight( ) method, 263–264

Typeface class, 186

Typeface.createFromAsset.context.getAssets( ) method, 183, 185

U

UI (User Interface)

assets, for Droid Invaders game, 593–594

thread, continuous rendering in, 169–172

unbind( ) method, 354, 498, 551–552

update( ) method, 238, 339, 369, 410, 471, 478, 523, 610, 615, 617

updateBob( ) method, 477, 481

updateCoins( ) method, 478

updateGameOver( ) method, 274, 484, 486, 622, 624

updateLevelEnd( ) method, 484, 486

updatePaused( ) method, 273, 484–486, 622–623

updatePlatforms( ) method, 478–479

updateReady( ) method, 272, 484

updateRunning( ) method, 273, 485, 488, 623

updateSquirrels( ) method, 478

updateTextView( ) method, 139–140

USB driver, 26

user experience, designing, 63–72

core game mechanics, 64–66

screens and transitions, 67–72

story and art style, 66–67

User Interface. See UI

user settings, and high scores, keeping track of, 243–245

<uses-feature> element, 114–116

<uses-permission> element, 113–114

<uses-sdk> element, 116

V

vectors, 358–371

in 3D programming, 534–538

overview, 359–361

triangle cannon example, 366–371

trigonometry for, 361–362

Vector class, 363–366

velocity.len( ) method, 373–374

vertex normals, 542, 549–552

Vertical Synchronization (vsync), and double-buffering, 86–87

vertices

in 3D, 496–501

colors for vertices, 309–312

Vertices class, 326–330, 353, 355, 357, 426, 495–496

Vertices3 class, 496–498

Vertices.bind( ) method, 354–355, 369, 421, 500, 504, 506, 508

vertices.draw( ) method, 331, 335, 353–354, 509

vertices.flip( ) method, 303, 306, 309, 311, 314, 319, 324–325

vertices.limit( ) method, 579

vertices.position( ) method, 498

Vertices.setVertices( ) method, 426

Vertices.unbind( ) method, 354, 369, 421, 500, 504, 506, 508

View class, 169, 171, 189–190

viewport, defining in OpenGL ES, 298

View.requestFocus( ) method, 144, 209

virtual devices, AVDs, 39–40

volume controls, setting, 158–159

vsync (Vertical Synchronization), and double-buffering, 86–87

W

wake locks, 167

WakeLock class, 167

wakeLock.acquire( ) method, 167, 236, 293

wakeLock.release( ) method, 167, 236, 295

Wavefront OBJ format, 573–574

web resources, 650–651

windowMgr.getDefaultDisplay( ) method, 150

World class, 265–269, 614–619

ending game, 267

implementing, 267–269

placing stains, 266

in Super Jumper game, 473–481

collision detection in, 478–480

game over state, 481

generating world, 475–476

updating world, 477–478

time-based movement of Mr. Nom, 265–266

World( ) method, 268, 272, 615, 621

world space, vs. model space, 334–335

world.coins.size( ) method, 491

WorldListener interface, 614

WorldListener( ) method, 483, 621

WorldListener.jump( ) method, 479

world.platforms.size( ) method, 491

WorldRender class, 626–631

WorldRenderer class, 482, 487, 489–492, 609

world.shot( ) method, 623

world.snake.turnLeft( ) method, 272

world.snake.turnRight( ) method, 272

world.springs.size( ) method, 491

world.squirrels.size( ) method, 492

World.update( ) method, 478, 481, 620

writer.close( ) method, 156

X, Y

XML file, 110

Z

z-buffer, 3D in OpenGL ES, 505–511

z-fighting, 3D in OpenGL ES, 510–511

ZBlendingScreen class, 508

ZBufferScreen class, 506

ZIP file, 28